Yuav ua li cas yog lub architecture ntawm lub PC

Lub architecture ntawm cov niaj hnub PC yog ib zajlus kom lub koom haum, cov qauv thiab cov kev pab, uas yog, mechanisms ntawm ib tug computer system. Cov yav tas yuav muab sau ua ke rau ib lub sij hawm luv rau cov lus qhia ua.

Cov kev cai rau tus qauv ntawm ib tus kheej lub computer

Lub hauv paus ntawm niaj hnub lub computer yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub PC architecture, formulated los ntawm John von Neumann:

1. Program tswj. Nws muaj ib pab pawg neeg ntawm commands uas tua los ntawm tus processor txiav (ib tug tom qab lwm yam nyob rau hauv ib tug ib theem zuj zus).

2. uniformity nco. Kev pab cuam thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv uas muab nyob rau hauv ib tug nco seem. Cov yeeb yam tib yam yog nqa tawm thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab nyob rau pawg.

3. Targeting. Lub ntsiab nco muaj cov suav sectors (hlwb).

Lub tsev ib PC

Lub classical architecture ntawm lub PC yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub saum toj no tej ntsiab cai. Nws nyiaj thiab lub sij lub chaw ua hauj lwm, ntaub ntawv kev sib txuas lus, interconnection ntsiab zajlus kom yam ntawm ib tug tus kheej lub computer. Cov no muaj xws lwm thiab lub ntsiab nco, CPU thiab peripherals.

Tus kheej computer yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tseem ceeb system unit. Yuav kom nws los ntawm tshwj xeeb connectors txuas peripherals. PC architecture muaj xws li cov nram qab no loj Cheebtsam: motherboard, fais fab mov, nyuaj drives thiab sib nqus kho qhov muag disks, interfaces thiab ntxiv lwm pab kiag li lawm. Nyob rau hauv lem, ib tug microprocessor nyob rau hauv lub system (system) board, lub moos mem tes generator, ib tug lej coprocessor thiab lub cim xeeb chips. Raws li zoo raws li ib tug timer, peripheral controllers, video thiab daim card suab.

PC architecture yog raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug modular ntsiab cai lub pob tw. Qhov no txoj cai enables tus neeg siv mus ua kom tiav cov kev kawm configuration ntawm tus kheej kev computer, thiab (yog tias tsim nyog) los ua nws cov Modernization. Yooj Yim yog ib tug modular system ntawm lub koom haum nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab cai tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pauv. Controllers ntawm tag nrho cov pab kiag li lawm sib txuas lus nrog system nco thiab ib tug microprocessor ntawm lub ntsiab txoj kev sib txuas lus, uas yog hu ua tus "system tsheb npav." Nws yog tsim raws li ib tug choj rau cov ntawv luam board. Lub system bus - yog qhov tseem ceeb interface ntawm lub computer, thiab tag nrho cov PC architecture yog ua nyob ib ncig ntawm nws. Nws yog ib qhov keeb muab kev sib txuas lus thiab niam txiv nrog txhua lwm yam tag nrho li. Lub system tsheb npav ua peb kab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv:

- nruab nrab ntawm lub ntsiab nco thiab ib tug microprocessor;

- nruab nrab ntawm lub tswv yim thiab tso zis ports ntawm sab nraud pab kiag li lawm thiab lub processor;

- nruab nrab ntawm lub ports thiab lub ntsiab nco.

Sab nraud pab kiag li lawm PC pab kom kev sib txuas lus ntawm lub yav tas nrog cov ib puag ncig: chaw tswj, cov neeg siv thiab lwm yam computers.

Ntsiab nta PC:

1. Cov kev ceev, kev kawm ntawv, lub moos zaus.

2. Ntsis code chaw tos tsheb loj interfaces thiab ib tug microprocessor.

3. Hom ntawm lub zos thiab system controllers.

4. RAM loj.

5. Lub peev xwm ntawm lub hard disk.

6. Lub xub ntiag, luaj li cas thiab hom ntawm cache.

7. Video hom.

8. Saib Multimedia audioresources.

9. Software.

10. Kho vajtse compatibility nrog lwm cov computers.

11. Muaj peev xwm mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib lub tsheb computer network, raws li zoo raws li multi-tasking.