Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug microprocessor? hom Microprocessors

Khoos phib tawj tshuab pub rau peb kom peb ua hauj lwm nrog ib tug loj efficiency. Tab sis lawv tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm? Qhov no yuav pab ib tug ntau ntawm txawv kiag li lawm thiab tshuab. Thiab ib tug ntawm lawv yog ib tug microprocessor. Yuav ua li cas yog nws? Yuav ua li cas yog nws zog? Yuav ua li cas yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm no ntaus ntawv? Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug microprocessor architecture? Yuav ua li cas tsis yog nyob ntawm nws?

Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug microprocessor?

Li ntawd, yog ib tug ntaus ntawv, uas yog tswj ntawm software. Nws ua hauj lwm - ua ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov kev tswj ntawm tus txheej txheem no. Microprocessor tswj yuav tsum tau me me, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm haumxeeb. Los ntawm no nws los txog ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov khoom, uas yuav tam sim no yuav tau piav. DVR rau ib tug microprocessor (tshaj) ntawm loj kev circuits ((C) BIS), uas tej zaum yuav tsum tau ob peb daim. yog hais rau lawv:

1. Tsis tshua muaj nqi (siv rau loj ntau lawm).
2. raug simplicity (ib technology);
3. Nws yuav siv sij hawm li qhov chaw me me (a ob peb square centimeters los yog txawm millimeters).
4. High ntseeg.
5. Txhob haus me ntsis zog.

microprocessor ntaus ntawv ho nyob rau qhov kev siv ntawm nws cov architecture. Tom ntej no, nws yuav tsum tau khaws cia thiab nyob rau hauv nws tsab xov xwm yuav tsum tau saib peb hom.

zog

Qhov no yog vim hais tias ntawm yog dab tsi lawv tsis muab. Yog li, lub microprocessor zog:

1. Nyeem thiab decrypt commands uas los ntawm lub ntsiab kev nco.
2. Tau txais thiab dab kev thov los ntawm lub adapter txog cov kev pab cuam ntawm lwm pab kiag li lawm (qhev).
3. Nyeem tej ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub cim xeeb thiab TR sau.
4. Tsim tswj Pib ntsais koj teeb uas khiav ntawm lwm ntshav thiab blocks tus kheej lub computer.
5. Cov txheej txheem rau cov ntaub ntawv thiab ua kom lawv nkag mus rau hauv lub ntsiab nco, raws li zoo raws li sau ntawm sab nraud pab kiag li lawm.

Lub ntsiab yam ntxwv ntawm cov microprocessor

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho muaj cov plaub:

1. Ntsis.
2. Performance.
3. Qhov hais kom ua system.
4. Lub volume ntawm addressable nco.

Microprocessors pab pawg neeg

Lawv yog cov peb:

1. CISC. Muaj yog ib tug tag nrho teev ntawm commands.
2. RISC. Muaj yog ib tug txo kev qhia ntawv txheej.
3. Misc. Muaj yog ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus txheej commands, tab sis nyob rau ib tug heev kev kub ceev rau cov hoob kawm no ntawm pab kiag li lawm.

Microprocessors xws li CISC

Tej zaum lawv yuav ua hauj lwm raws li ib feem ntawm ib tug computer network. Tsis tas li ntawd muaj yog tau multitasking thiab nco kev tiv thaiv. Lub Microprocessors ntawm no hom yuav khiav lag luam nyob rau hauv ob hom: tiag tiag thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv. Tus thawj tso cai rau multi-tasking, thiab ncaj qha nkag mus rau ncua nco. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm tsis tau tso cai accesses. Nyob rau hauv lub tiag tiag hom ua emulation ntawm lub microprocessor 8086 thiab yog ib tug ib leeg-txheej txheem ua hauj lwm.

Microprocessors RISC hom

Lawv yog cov tsuas feem ntau siv commands. Yog hais tias tsim nyog, ua ib yam dab tsi complex ua "los ua ke" cov kev tsim nyog functionality. Thaum qhov hais kom ua siv tsuas yog ib qho tshuab voj voog vim thaum uas tig mus tua, thiab lawv imposition. Kev sib piv, nyob rau hauv lub CISC rau qhov tsawg tshaj plaws mus li ntau raws li plaub.

Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug microprocessor?

Nws qhia tau ob qhov chaw:

1. Kev khiav hauj lwm. Nws comprises ib tug tswj tsev, xam logic thiab microprocessor nco.
2. Interface. Nws comprises chaw nyob sau, ports thiab lub tsheb npav tswj Circuit Court, thiab thaiv commands.

Tseem ceeb yog cov architecture - cov zajlus kom koom haum ntawm ib tug microprocessor, uas txiav txim nws tus yam ntxwv, lub zog thiab tau tsim tau ib tug xam system raws li nyob rau hauv no ntaus ntawv. Muaj peb hom: CISC, RISC thiab Misc (qhov no yog hais tias peb tham txog universal pab kiag li lawm). Yog li ntawd, lawv muaj ob peb pab pawg ntawm cov sau hais tias ua hauj lwm nrog cov zaubmov ntawm ua ntej. Qhov no tso cai rau koj mus ua hauj lwm cia "pipelining". Qhov no muaj ib tug zoo ntxim rau cov zoo kev ua tau zoo. PC microprocessor feem ntau ua hauj lwm pab tsuas yog ib unit - piv txwv li, ib tug keyboard.

Architecture CISC

Complex Instruction Txheej Computer - ntawv qhia rau lub computer. Paub meej txog cov microprocessor nrog lub architecture yog tsim:

1. Lawv muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm commands, uas txawv los ntawm lawv functionality, ntev thiab hom.
2. Ntau yam hais system.
3. Tam sim no txoj coding pawg.

Yuav ua li cas yog no architecture Microprocessors? Cov no yog complex pab kiag li lawm, lub ntsiab kom pom tseeb ntawm uas yog nyob rau functionality.

RISC architecture

Txo Instrucktion Txheej Computer - niaj hnub qhia rau lub computer. Paub meej ntawm lub microprocessor nrog lub architecture tsim:

1. Siv ib tug yooj yim to taub hom system commands: lawv tag nrho cov muaj tib lub hom ntawv nrog ib tug yooj yim cim. Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub RAM rau hauv ib tug register ntawm tus microprocessor thiab vice versa tsiv los ntawm cov chaw thau khoom cov lus qhia.
2. Txawm tias cov kev kub ceev cov ntaub ntawv Microprocessors yuav muaj ib tug kuj tsis tshua muaj moos npaum li cas thiab ib tug tsawg dua degree ntawm kev koom ua ke ntawm cov VLSI Circuit Court.
3. Commands tsim dua kev nyuaj siab nyob rau hauv lub RAM.
4. Tab sis debug ua hauj lwm cov kev pab cuam rau RISC yog ntau npaum li cas nyuab tshaj nyob rau hauv lub CISC.
5. Nws tsis yog tej zaum yuav siv lub tib lub qhov kev pab cuam mus rau lub CISC.

Architecture misc

Multipurpose Instruction muab Khoos phib tawj - Multipurpose cov lus qhia rau kev tswj ib lub computer. Yog ib qho los mus muab cov zoo ntawm CISC thiab RISC. Ntawm no, lub caij puag yog tau koom ua ke los ntawm ib tug neeg qhov chaw (uas yog feem ntau ua ke nyob rau hauv ib tsev nyob):

1. Lub ntsiab yog ib feem. Raws li cov architecture ntawm RISC.
2. Lub extensible feem. Nws yog kev cob cog rua ROM firmware tswj.

Lub system acquires lub zog ntawm cov CISC. Yog li ntawd, qhov yooj yim commands yog khiav rau lub hauv paus yog muab los ntawm RISC. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm muaj ib tug extension, uas "tsim" lub firmware. Hauv paus RISC ua tag nrho cov lus txib rau hauv ib lub voj voog. Thiab qhov yuav ncua ntxiv siv ib txoj txheej commands. Vim muaj cov ROM eliminates lub disadvantage ntawm RISC machines, thaum ib tug high-theem cov lus yog tso ua ke code ntawm lub lag luam, nws yog twb decrypted thiab qhib mus rau lub programmer. Hais tias yog dab tsi Microprocessors thiab xws li cov khoom lawv yuav tsum tau muaj nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub architecture ntawm lawv siv.

xaus

Yuav ua li cas yog lub Microprocessors thiab uas yog lus dag hauv plawv ntawm lawv lub lag luam - peb tau saib. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, to taub tag nrho cov nuances ntawm cov khoom, koj yuav tsum rau siab siv ib tug ntau lub sij hawm thiab tsis paub nrog ib phau ntawv thiab ib tug sau ntawm lectures. Tab sis lub hauv paus yog twb muaj.