Xeem Statistical hypotheses: general logic

Hypothesis - ib qho ntawm feem tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm science thiab hauj kev kawm. Cov uas ua pom los ntawm ntau yam tshwm sim thiab tseeb, lub hypothesis yog yeej tseem zoo ib theoretical assumption. Cov nyob rau hauv-tob txog cov lus muaj tseeb thiab tshwm sim nws yog tsim nyog los xyuas cov hypothetical kev xav. Cov kev siv rau kev soj ntsuam cov kev xav yuav tsum muaj ib tug scientific hauv paus. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, ua tau ib tug tshwm sim ntawm lub tswvyim los yog kev tshawb fawb raws li nyob rau hauv zoo-tsim scientific tej ntsiab cai.

Yuav kom txiav txim seb qhov loyalty ntawm lub theoretical kev xav muaj ib tug statistical hypothesis kuaj. Qhov no txoj kev yuav siv ntawm ib tug statistical kauj, uas fits rau hauv lub zuag qhia tag nrho logic Circuit Court, muaj raws nyob rau hauv kev nrhiav ib tug tej hom ntawm kev ua raws li kev tshawb fawb tau los yog pom (test statistic). Tej statistical hypothesis xeem tso cai rau koj mus ua ib tug txiav txim zaum kawg rau hauv lub loyalty ntawm lub theoretical kev xav.

Txheej txheem tsom yog feem ntau nrog los ntawm cov yam tseem ceeb ntawm formulating thiab kuaj ib tug tej yam theoretical kev xav txog coob kawm ntau yam los yog ywj siab tsis. Kev sib piv ntawm no suggestion nrog cov muaj ntaub ntawv coj mus kuaj, ua raws li los ntawm kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov neeg kawm ntawv muaj kev cia siab ntawm cov zis, thiab siv nrog kev siv ntawm tej statistical cov txheej xwm, yog hu ua - statistical hypothesis kuaj.

Nyob rau hauv lub statistical hypotheses yuav tsum tau to taub ntau hom theoretical kev xav txog qhov xwm thiab tsis muaj lub tsev ntawm ib co random qhob, uas tej zaum yuav raug mus rau kev soj ntsuam, ua los ntawm cov kev tshwm sim ntawm txoj kev tshawb rau ib tug random statistical zauv. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, lub statistical hypothesis hu ua kev xav txog lub zog ntawm cov coob, mus ntsuam xyuas uas koj yuav siv statistical zauv cov ntaub ntawv. Yog li, nws yuav tau mus ntsuam xyuas lub hypothesis ntawm koob pheej ntawm lawv ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov pejxeem thiab ib co hypothetical qhov tseem ceeb.

Statistical hypothesis kev soj ntsuam, lub ntsiab lus uas yog hais tias nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm muaj ntaub ntawv kom paub meej tias los yog refute lub theoretical assumption muaj tsawg heev uas yuav muaj los mus tiv thaiv kev ua yuam kev los yog ua yuam kev yog heev zoo thiab nrov txoj kev ntawm kev tshawb fawb. Hypothesis xeem yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv nruj me ntsis txhais cov kev cai.

Nco ntsoov hais tias cov tshwm hypothesis xeem yog probabilistic nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Nrog rau qhov no txoj kev koj yuav txhais tau rau hauv ib lub digital (feem pua) nqe lus, qhov yuav tshwm ntawm kev ua tsis ncaj ncees lawm kev txiav txim siab los yog ib tug tsis muaj tseeb los xaus rau lub tus txhais lus los ntawm cov kev tshwm sim ntawm lub statistical txoj kev tshawb no ntawm ib tug tshwm sim los yog tshwm sim. Yog hais tias qhov yuav tshwm ntawm kev ua yuam kev los yog ua yuam kev yog negligible, lub statistical kev sib raug zoo xam nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm cov lus tseeb los yog phenomena yuav siv tau rau cov tswv yim lub hom phiaj, nrog me ntsis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua yuam kev.