Ua transformer xam

Tus tsim ntawm ib tug raug yooj yim transformer. Nws muaj ib tug hlau tub ntxhais, ob tug coils nrog hlau winding. Ib kauj hu ua cov thawj, thib ob - theem nrab. Cov tsos ntawm lub AC voltage (U1) thiab tam sim no (I1) nyob rau hauv thawj kauj daim ntawv nyob rau hauv nws cov tub ntxhais ib tug sib nqus flux. Nws tsim EMF ncaj qha nyob rau hauv lub thib ob kauj, uas yog tsis txuas mus rau hauv cov saw hlau, thiab muaj tus quab yuam ntawm lub zog, sib npaug zos rau zero.

Yog hais tias lub Circuit Court yog kev cob cog rua thiab tau tshwm sim, nws leads mus rau ib tug proportional nce ntawm qhov tam sim no lub dag lub zog nyob rau hauv thawj kauj. Cov qauv no kev sib txuas lus nruab nrab ntawm cov windings piav txog cov txheej txheem ntawm transformation thiab redistribution ntawm hluav taws xob lub zog, uas yog muaj nyob rau hauv lub xam ntawm transformers. Txij li thaum tag nrho cov coils ntawm lub thib ob kauj yog kev cob cog rua nyob rau hauv series, tau los ntawm lub cumulative nyhuv ntawm cov emf muaj nyob rau ntawm qhov xaus ntawm lub ntaus ntawv.

Transformers sib sau ua ke thiaj li hais tias txoj kev nco voltage nyob rau hauv lub thib ob kauj yog ib tug me me feem (2 - 5%), uas enables coj lub assumption ntawm koob pheej ntawm lawv rau nws cov xaus U2 thiab EMF ntsuas. Number of U2 yuav ntxiv / tsawg li ntawd, yuav ua li cas loj yog qhov txawv nruab nrab ntawm tus nab npawb ntawm cov lem ntawm ob coils - n2 thiab n1.

Cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus xov tooj ntawm hlau khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yog hu ua tus transformation ratio. Nws yog txhais los ntawm cov mis (thiab denoted los ntawm tsab ntawv K), namely: K = n1 / n2 = U1 / U2 = I2 / I1. Feem ntau qhov no daim duab zoo li ib tug piv ntawm ob zauv, piv txwv li 1:45, uas qhia tau hais tias lub xov tooj ntawm koj lem ntawm ib qho ntawm lub coils 45 lub sij hawm tsawg tshaj li no lwm yam kev daim duab. Qhov no kev faib ua feem pab ua muab xam rau ntawm qhov tam sim no transformer.

Hluav taws xob cov cores tsim ob hom: W-zoo li tus, armor, branched magnetic flux mus rau hauv ob qhov chaw, thiab lub U-puab - uas tsis muaj kev sib cais. Yuav kom txo tau cov tej zaum tsis tau ntawm pas nrig manufactured yog tsis tas mus li, tab sis yog muaj li ntawm ib tug neeg nyias khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ua raug rho tawm los ntawm txhua lwm yam los ntawm daim ntawv. Qhov feem ntau heev cylindrical hom: ncej yog superimposed nyob rau thawj winding, mounted ntau daim ntawv khoom, thiab nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm no tag nrho theem nrab txheej txhab hlau.

Muab xam los ntawm cov transformer yuav ua rau ib co teeb meem, tab sis cov designer-lover yuav tuaj mus rau kev pab ntawm tus simplified qauv muab hauv qab no. Pre tsim nyog los mus txiav txim seb cov voltage thiab tam sim no rog zuj zus rau txhua kauj. Xam hwj chim ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv: P2 = I2 * U2; P3 = I3 * U3; P4 = I4 * U4, qhov twg P2, P3, P4 - hwj chim (W), stackable windings; I2, I3, I4 - hwj chim tam sim no (A); U2, U3, U4 - Voltage (V).

Yuav kom txiav txim seb lub hwj huam tas nrho (P) nyob rau hauv lub xam ntawm lub transformer yuav tsum nkag mus rau sum ntsuas ib tug neeg windings, thiab ces khoo los ntawm ib yam ntawm 1.25, uas yuav siv sij hawm mus rau hauv tus account lub losses: P = 1.25 (P2 + P3 + P4 + ...). Incidentally, tus nqi P yuav xam cov tub ntxhais ntoo khaub lig seem (nyob rau hauv cm²): Q = 1.2 * kor.kv.P

Ces raws li nram no ib tug txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim tus xov tooj n0 lem ib 1 volt los ntawm cov mis: n0 = 50 / Q. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, paub tus naj npawb ntawm lem ntawm lub coils. Rau cov thawj, noj mus rau hauv tus account lub voltage nco nyob rau hauv lub transformer, nws yuav ua ncaj rau: N1 = 0.97 * n0 * U1
Rau tus so: N2 = 1.3 * n0 * U2; n2 = 1.3 * n0 * U3 ... Lub kab uas hla ntawm tej neeg xyuas pib windings yuav xam raws li cov mis: d = 0.7 * kor.kv.1 qhov twg kuv - tam sim no siv (A), d - txoj kab uas hla (hli).

Muab xam los ntawm cov transformer tso cai rau koj mus nrhiav cov amperage ntawm lub hwj chim sheathe: I1 = P / U1. Nws tseem tsis paub hais tias luaj li cas daim hlau nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais. Yuav kom nrhiav tau nws tsim nyog los mus laij lub winding cheeb tsam ntawm cov tub ntxhais box: Sm = 4 (D1 (q) * n1 + D2 (q) * n2 + d3 (q) * n3 + ......), nyob qhov twg Sm - cheeb tsam (square hli. ), tag nrho cov windings nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais; D1, D2, d3 thiab D4 - Inch (hli); n1, n2, n3 thiab n4 - lub xov tooj ntawm koj lem. Siv cov mis no qhia txog cov sis tsis ncaj winding, cov hlau rwb thaiv tsev thickness, cov feem peb yog cov ncej nyob rau hauv lub lumen ntawm cov tub ntxhais qhov rais. Raws li cov tau tus nqi ntawm lub cheeb tsam no yog xaiv tshwj xeeb loj phaj rau dawb kev tso kawm ntawm tus coil nyob rau hauv nws lub qhov rais. Thaum kawg, nws yog tsim nyog los paub - cov thickness ntawm cov tub ntxhais txheej (b), uas yog tau los ntawm cov mis: b = (100 * Q) / a, qhov twg ib tug - lub dav ntawm lub nruab nrab phaj (nyob rau hauv hli); Q - nyob rau hauv lub square. Saib Lub hardest ib feem ntawm txoj kev no, -. Ua muab xam rau ntawm lub transformer (a nrhiav bar caij nrog ib tug haum loj).