Tus invention ntawm hluav taws xob: lub keeb kwm, kev siv, tau txais daim ntawv

Ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws milestones nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb no yog lub invention ntawm hluav taws xob. Nws yog qhov no foundations pab rau hnub no los tsim peb kev vam meej. Hluav taws xob - ib qho ntawm feem environmentally phooj ywg ntaub ntawv ntawm lub zog. Leej twg muaj lub foundations ntawm no phenomenon? Yuav ua li cas yog hluav taws xob thiab siv? Yog nws ua tau rau nws tus kheej ua ib tug galvanic cell?

Lub keeb kwm ntawm lub invention ntawm hluav taws xob luv luv

Hluav taws xob sab nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 7 BC Greek philosopher Thales. Nws pom hais tias txawm lig los plhws amber plaub tau nyiam me me thiab loj yam khoom.

Txawm li cas los, loj-scale thwmsim nrog hluav taws xob pib nyob rau hauv lub Renaissance nyob rau hauv teb chaws Europe. Nyob rau hauv 1650 Magdeburg cob moos von Guericke electrostatic nroj tsuag twb ua tau lub tsev. Nyob rau hauv 1729 Stephen Grey yog ib tug xyaum ua tej yam rau kis tau tus mob ntawm hluav taws xob ntawm ib tug deb. Nyob rau hauv 1747 Benjamin Franklin luam tawm ib tsab ntawv nyob rau hauv uas tag nrho cov paub tseeb txog hluav taws xob thiab muab tso rau pem hauv ntej ib tug tshiab kev tshawb xav tau sau. Lub 1785th sab Coulomb txoj kev cai.

1800 yog ib tug raws point: lub Italian invents thawj Volt DC fais fab qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv 1820 m Danish paub txog Oersted twb ntes tau electromagnetic sis tej khoom. Ib xyoo tom qab, Ampere nrhiav tau hais tias ib tug sib nqus teb yog generated los ntawm hluav taws xob tam sim no, tab sis tsis zoo li qub.

Tej zoo zaum zoo li Gauss, Joule, Lenz, Ohm ua ib tug invaluable pab mus rau lub invention ntawm hluav taws xob. Xyoo ntawm tus 1830th kuj ua ib qho tseem ceeb, vim hais tias Gauss kev tshawb xav yog tsim los ntawm ib tug electrostatic teb. Cov tshwm sim ntawm electromagnetic induction thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub cav khiav hauj lwm rau ib tug tam sim no belongs rau Michael Faraday.

Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19 thwmsim nrog hluav taws xob twb tau los ntawm ntau zaum, xws li ib Kyuri, Lachinov, Hertz, Thomson, Rutherford. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 20th xyoo pua muaj ib tug kev tshawb xav ntawm quantum electrodynamics.

Hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv lub ntuj

Tus foundations ntawm hluav taws xob thiab cov invention yog rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm. Txawm li cas los, yav tas los nws twb xav hais tias nyob rau hauv qhov nws tsis muaj nyob. Tab sis American Franklin pom hais tias lub phenomenon ntawm xob laim, yog purely hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv lub ntuj. Rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, nws pom tau tsis kam lees lub scientific lub zej lub zos.

Hluav taws xob yog ntawm kuj zoo kawg tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Muaj ntau zaum ntseeg tias vim yog lub xob paug fruition synthesis ntawm cov amino acids, uas ua nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb lub neej xwb. Tsis muaj lub paj impulses lub cev yuav tsis ua tej tsiaj. Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm marine kab mob uas siv hluav taws xob raws li ib tug txhais tau tias ntawm kev tiv thaiv, nres, spatial orientation thiab nrhiav rau cov khoom noj.

Tau hluav taws xob

Tus invention ntawm hluav taws xob los scientific kev kawm. Rau hluav taws xob generated tau rau ntau xyoo lawm lub nroj tsuag. Hluav taws xob yog generated los ntawm ib lub hwj chim generator, thiab ces nws yuav kis tau tshaj hwj chim kav. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov creation ntawm qhov tam sim no yog txhais zog txhua yam rau hauv hluav taws xob lub zog. Fais fab nroj tsuag yog muab faib mus rau hauv lub nram qab no:

• nuclear fais fab;
• cua;
• hydropower;
• tidal zoo heev;
• hnub ci;
• Thaum tshav kub kub.

Cov kev siv hluav taws xob

Tus invention ntawm hluav taws xob yog xam raws li lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws foundations, vim hais tias tsis muaj nws yog tsis yooj yim sua niaj hnub lub neej. Nws yog muaj nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua txhua lub tsev thiab yog siv rau cov teeb pom kev zoo, sib pauv ntaub ntawv, ua noj ua haus, cua sov, ua tau hauj lwm cov khoom siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hluav taws xob hwj chim tsim nyog rau lub zog ntawm trams, trolley buses, subway, u. Ua hauj lwm computer, xov tooj ntawm tes thiab, yog tsis yooj yim sua yam uas tsis tau hluav taws xob.

mas kev

Nws hloov tawm hais tias lub electrochemical cell yuav tsum ua nws tus kheej, thiab qhov no yog ua li cas yooj yim heev. Xws li ib tug txoj kev twb paub nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 20th caug xyoo.

Ua ntej peb yuav tsum tau txiav nyob rau hauv ib nrab nrog ib tug riam ntse txaus txiv qaub nyob rau hauv nruab nrab. Nws yog undesirable los cuam tshuam txog los yog tshem tawm cov kev faib nruab nrab ntawm tus kab. Ces koj yuav tsum tau txuas txhua lobe tig ib tug me me daim hlau, xab txog 2 centimeters. Lub hlwb yuav tsum pauv zinc thiab tooj liab hlau. Raws li xaus protruding nyob ntawm tej sequentially txuas hlau hlau ntawm me me txoj kab uas hla. Yog li ntawd nws yog ua tau rau tau txais lub roj teeb. Yuav ua li cas rau kos yog hais tias nws ua hauj lwm? Ua li no, koj muaj peev xwm ntsuas cov voltage nrog ib tug voltmeter.

Ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws discoveries nyob rau hauv tib neeg keeb kwm yog tus tsim hluav taws xob. Qhib hnub yog tsis precisely paub. Txawm li cas los, thwmsim tau pib mus rau kev ntau ancient Greek paub txog Thales. Active hluav taws xob kev tshawb pib nyob rau hauv lub Renaissance. Yog tsis muaj nws yuav tsis ua hauj lwm ib zaug xwb sia. Niaj hnub no, tsis muaj qhov no invention, peb yuav luag tsis tau xav txog tej yam kuv lub neej. Cov neeg tau ntev txij li thaum kawm tau txais, kis thiab siv hluav taws xob.