Synthesis gas yog roj ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej

Tsis yog txhua lub tebchaws muaj nplua nuj nyob hauv ntuj tsim. Thiab yog tias tsis muaj kub kub mines los yog diamond mines tuaj yeem chim, qhov muaj cov dej khawb av carbon deposits feem ntau yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm kev viag ntawm lub xeev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog. Nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua teb chaws Yelemees acquired ib tug loj tshaj kev nyob rau hauv qhuav ntawm ersatz (hloov).

Twb tau nyob rau hauv xyoo 1915 tus German submarines muab rau teb chaws Aas Kiv nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw nyuaj, tiv thaiv cov khoom ntawm "ntshav ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog" rau cov Islands tuaj. Thaum lub sij hawm ob ntiaj teb rog, Lub teb chaws Yelemees yog nyob rau hauv tsis muaj tsawg nyuaj txoj hauj lwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab lub poob ntawm Romanian roj teb. Nws zoo li me ntsis ntxiv, thiab kev ua lag luam yog kev tsis pom kev. Cov tsheb npav, dav hlau, cov nkoj thiab cov nkoj caij nkoj yuav tsis tuaj yeem koom tes ua tub rog, lawv yuav tsis muaj dab tsi los sau, tab sis tsov rog tseem muaj ntau lub hlis ntev. Coal, uas tau muab rho tawm ntau heev hauv Reich, muaj pov thawj ua ib qho raw khoom tsim rau cov khoom siv hluavtaws roj carbon dioxide, lub ntsiab ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws.

Brilliantly xyaum thiab txawj ntse German zaum ntev ua ntej tsov rog pib tsim qhov teeb meem no. Franz Fischer, lub taub hau lub koom haum qhia txog kev kaj-Wilhelm, txawm nyob rau hauv 1926 xyoo luam tawm scientific ua hauj lwm rau direct synthesis ntawm hydrocarbons ntawm atmospheric siab, tsis tsuas ua pov thawj no tau, tab sis muaj pov thawj nws hauj muaj. Lub synthesis roj tau raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm lub hydrogen yuav txo tau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm CO nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm catalyzing tshuaj, xws li ib tug sib tov ntawm zinc oxide nrog hlau los yog chromium oxide -cobalt extending ntawm ib tug kub ntawm 270 degrees Celsius. Xws li tus txheej txheem ua rau nws tau txais gaseous, kua thiab homologues hom tshuaj methane.

Ntawm cov koob tshuaj ntawm cov keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim txom, koj tuaj yeem pom qee lub tsheb tsheb ua haujlwm rau ... cov hluav taws. Tau, lub tshuab hluav taws xob, pub lub cav nrog sib tov sib xyaw kom haum, yog ib qho compact, thiab tsav lub tsheb, nws yog txaus rau noj ib qho thiab mus rau qhov ze hav zoov.

Cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm carbon monoxide thiab hydrogen H2 lwg me me, uas yog, roj gas, yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tsis tsuas yog siv los ntawm thee, tab sis kuj los ntawm cov pa feedstock. Txoj kev raug hu ua Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, tom qab cov npe ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm nws cov ntawv, muaj lwm txoj hauv kev tau txais cov roj av ntawm cov hluav taws xob, bypassing synthesis gas. Nyob hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees qub, Bergius tau txais roj los ntawm cov hluav taws kub hauv 1911, tab sis cov txheej txheem kev siv tshuab yog khwv tsis yooj yim.

Zoo li kev ua haujlwm ua ntej, qhov kev ua tiav no yog los ntawm kev daws qhov teebmeem uas muaj los ntawm industrialized thiab tsov rog cov teb chaws uas tsis muaj kev nkag tau rau cov roj av qoob loo.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo dhau los, qhov tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm cov hluavtaws roj tau ntim nws qhov tseem ceeb. Paj nyob rau hauv no technology twb resumed nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov seventies ntawm lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua, thaum muaj ib tug thiaj li hu ua "roj ntsoog", uas tau los ua tus tshwm sim ntawm cov kev pom zoo nce nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm cov roj los ntawm OPEC lub teb chaws.

Tseeb, qhov kev paub txog cov khoom siv raw khoom los ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv yuav ua rau kev xav tau li natural resources, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov roj thiab cov roj, uas nws muaj nuj nqi li raw khoom rau kev lag luam tshuaj yog tseem underestimated hnub no. Thaum DI Mendeleev muab piv rau lawv cov kev siv ua lub zog ntawm cov hluav taws xob nrog cov nyiaj ntawm cov ntawv sau bank.