Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv "tetrakis": cov lus qhia rau kev siv, muaj pes tsawg leeg, contraindications

Txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv - cov xwb txhim khu kev qha txoj kev uas yuav tiv thaiv koj tus me nyuam los ntawm loj mob. Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej cov me nyuam tau txais qhov tsawg ntawm cov kev txhaj tshuaj. "Tetrakis" tej zaum yuav siv rau txoj kev ua mas tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv tetanus, pertussis, diphtheria thiab polio. Cov tshuaj muaj ib tug high degree ntawm purification thiab yuav siv tau rau txhaj tshuaj cov menyuam uas muaj hnub nyoog ntawm peb.

hauj lwm tshuaj tiv thaiv

Nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam, ib txhia kab mob tshwm sim tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib qho nyuaj. Kom tsis txhob kis kab mob thiab kev tiv thaiv koj tus me nyuam los ntawm loj txim, kws txawj pom zoo niaj hnub txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tam sim no, txoj kev ua no yog pom tias yuav tau txais. Txawm li cas los, nrog lub advent ntawm lub tshiab-yug tus me nyuam nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg ntau thiab ntau cov niam txiv xav li cas txog qhov yuav tsum tau rau grafting. Kawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, koj yuav ntshaus raws li qhov contradictory kev xav.

"Tetrakis" yog ib tug zoo heev tshuaj tiv thaiv uas, raws li cov kev qhia ntawv, yog muaj peev xwm mus tsim kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub cev tiv thaiv cov loj kab pathologies xws li tus kab mob pertussis, diphtheria, tetanus thiab polio (3 hom). Nws ua tshuaj Fabkis lub tuam txhab "Sanofi Pasteur", qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no rau zus tau tej cov tshuaj txhaj tiv thaiv rau tib neeg.

qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv

Cov tshuaj yog muaj raws li ib ncua kev kawm, npaj rau intramuscular thawj coj. Ib tug tshuaj tiv thaiv koob tshuaj (0.5 ml) twb khaws cia nyob rau hauv lub dosing syringe. Qhov kev tso cai hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj yog heev yooj yim mus use thiab eliminates tau overdose.

Ua ke cuab tam muaj cov nram qab no Cheebtsam nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg:

• tetanus toxoid - tsis tsawg tshaj li 40 IU;
• acellular pertussis toxoid - tsis tsawg tshaj li 25 IU;
• diphtheria toxoid - tsis tsawg tshaj li 30 IU;
• filamentous hemagglutinin - 25 micrograms;
• thawj hom polio tus kab mob no - 40 D;
• ob hom mob polio tus kab mob no - 8 D;
• peb hom mob polio tus kab mob no - 32 D.

Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub koom haum pab Cheebtsam siv tshuaj xws li Hanks nruab nrab, dej kev txhaj tshuaj, acetic acid (los yog sodium hydroxide), formaldehyde, txhuas hydroxide, phenoxyethanol.

mechanism ntawm qhov kev txiav txim

Kuj yog rau zus tau tej cov tshuaj mus rau lub causative tus neeg saib xyuas ntawm tus kab mob pertussis, diphtheria, tetanus thiab mob polio. Cov kev npaj muaj tsuas acellular (acellular) antigens ntawm diphtheria thiab tetanus toxoid, mob polio tus kab mob no, thiab peb hom cell phab ntsa Cheebtsam pertussis pathogen.

"Tetrakis" yuav pab tau rau lub cev lo lus teb rau tus nres ntawm pathogenic cov kab mob nyob rau hauv ib luv luv lub sij hawm. Nws yog pom zoo kom mus ua kom tiav ib tug tag nrho cov chav kawm ntawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Thaum lub sij hawm thib ob xyoo, "tetrakis" lub neej me nyuam yuav tsum tau txais 3 koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Txhaj tshuaj rau hauv lub Fabkis tshuaj pub cov me nyuam loj tshaj 3 lub hlis. Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no kuj haum rau re-txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub thib ob xyoo ntawm lub neej. Nws yuav siv tau mus ntxiv lub txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tom qab siv ntawm lwm yam tshuaj yog hais tias lawv tau tshwm sim los phiv.

Thaum mus txhaj tshuaj?

Immunization tiv thaiv hnoos, mob qa hawj foob thiab tetanus ua raws li cov lus pom zoo tswvyim. Tag nrho analogues ntawm domestic tshuaj tiv thaiv (DTP) tiv thaiv cov kab mob yog siv nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev. Grafting "tetrakis" qhia txog tus me nyuam peb lub sij hawm thaum lub sij hawm thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej, xws li los ntawm 3 lub hlis.

Lub caij nyoog nruab nrab koob tshuaj yuav tsum tsis tsawg tshaj li 45 hnub. Qhov no txhais tau tias yog hais tias tus thawj txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tau nqa tawm thaum tus me nyuam yog peb lub hlis, txhaj koob thib ob yuav tsum nkag mus hauv xwb nyob rau hauv 4.5 lub hlis, thiab lub thib peb - nyob rau hauv rau lub hlis. Yog hais tias tsim nyog, tus kws kho mob-immunologist yuav xaiv ib tug txawv tswvyim ntawm grafting. Tus thawj revaccination yog muaj ib xyoo tom qab kawg txhaj tshuaj.

Kuv yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv mus txog li ib xyoo?

Thaum lub sij hawm thawj 12 lub hlis ntawm lub neej tus me nyuam yog qhia mus ua ib tug ob peb txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob txaus ntshai. Tus heev Thawj koob tshuaj hepatitis B vaccine ib tug me nyuam tau txais nyob rau hauv thawj hnub tom qab yug tus me nyuam. Tsis ntev los no, txawm li cas los, ntau failures ntawm cov niam txiv los ntawm txhaj tshuaj me nyuam ua ntej lawm. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no tsis muaj nyob.

Muaj ntau cov kws kho mob xav tias lub luag hauj lwm rau lub neej ntawm cov me nyuam, nws yog pom zoo kom txhob txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum lub sij hawm thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej. Taus cev ntawm tus me nyuam yog tsis tau npaj txhij mus ntsib nrog ntau yam thiaj li pathogens, txawm tsis muaj zog txaus.

Kev txiav txim siab tseem ua txhaj tshuaj kom txog rau thaum lub xyoo ntawm tus me nyuam, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo txoj kev ua tus xaiv ntawm cov tshuaj. Ntau cov niam txiv tsis kam domestic free ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam lub tsev kho mob, thiab xav mus yuav dua-zoo mas cov khoom. Hloov txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog DTP yog cia li Fabkis tshuaj tiv thaiv "tetrakis" tau ntxiv muaj li ntawm ib tug mob polio tus kab mob no.

Yuav ua li cas npaj koj tus me nyuam?

Ua ntej txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum ua tib zoo soj ntsuam cov me nyuam. Thaum lub nyob tsis tswm, tsis qab los noj mov, daim tawv nqaij ua pob ua xyua los ntawm cov kuj yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg. Ob peb hnub ua ntej txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum xeem dhau ib tug tag nrho cov ntshav count, zis. Kuaj cov kev tshawb fawb uas yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav xyuas kom meej tias yog tsis muaj thaum pathological dab nyob rau hauv lub cev thiab tsis txhob ntxiv mob txhais los ntawm qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Kuv xav tau ib tug kev sib tham neurologist?

Multi-tivthaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yeej ib txwm ntshai cov niam txiv. Tsis kos thiab cov tshuaj "tetrakis", muaj nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg pertussis toxoid. Nws yog qhov no kev tivthaiv feem ntau ua rau tsis zoo tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm lub cev mus rau lub paj hlwb. Kom tsis txhob mob, nws yog pom zoo kom mus tham ib tug kws kho mob. Nws yuav ntsuam xyuas tus mob ntawm tus me nyuam nyob rau hauv cov reflexes thiab muaj cov xws deviations li lub puab tsaig tshee hnyo, convulsions.

Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, tus me nyuam yog kws ultrasound hlwb neyronosografiyu. Diagnostics eliminates siab intracranial siab thiab lwm yam neurological ntshawv siab. Rau cov me nyuam uas yog cov nquag mus tshwm sim chua leeg los ntawm nce lub kub rau 38-39 ° C, immunologists kom muab tshuaj tiv thaiv tus kab mob pertussis tsis toxoid.

Thaum koj tsis tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv?

Txhua tshuaj siv rau txhaj tshuaj me nyuam thiab cov laus, nws muaj nws contraindications. Txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv chav txhais tau tias "tetrakis" yog tsis nqa tawm nyob rau hauv cov nram no hloov:

• yav dhau los tsis haum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv;
• npau taws me ntsis rau lub Cheebtsam nyob rau hauv ib tug npaj;
• encephalopathy;
• koob yawm txwv lub taub hau raug mob;
• mob hawb pob;
• qaug dab peg;
• tus me nyuam muaj cov tsos mob ntawm SARS muaj cai.

Nyob rau hauv lub caij nyoog kawg no cov ntaub ntawv, delaying txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm. Nco ntsoov tias "tetrakis" raws li domestic tshuaj tiv thaiv DTP, yog pom tias yuav tau muaj zog txaus thiab muaj peev xwm ua rau sib txawv tshua ntawm lub cev. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, "tetrakis" tshuaj txhaj tiv thaiv yog ib tug lim, uas ho thiaj li qhov uas yuav muaj teeb meem. Nrog ceev faj siv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov me nyuam nrog thrombocytopenia.

Yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau cov txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv?

Child txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum noj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv chav tsev los ntawm qhia tshwj xeeb uas kawm kho mob cov neeg ua. Ua ntej ib tug txhaj, tus nais maum yuav tsum tau co tus xiaslias nrog lub medicament tsim tau ib homogeneous dawb ncua kev kawm ntawv. Txhaj intramuscularly xwb.

Cov me nyuam mos mus txog ob lub xyoo qhia ib tug yeeb tshuaj muab rau hauv lub anterior sab (anterolateral) ncej puab nqaij. Cov me nyuam loj txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv "tetrakis" ua xub pwg mob.

Ua ntej cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau kom paub tseeb tias cov koob tsis ntaus ib txog hlab ntsha. Txwv tsis pub tso dej thiab subcutaneous thawj coj ntawm cov nyiaj.

Sis nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv

Cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus neeg pab leg ntaubntawv hais tias cov tshuaj txhaj tiv thaiv "tetrakis" yuav siv tau ib txhij nrog lwm yam tshuaj. Lub tsuas kos yog immunosuppressive txoj kev kho. Cov tshuaj yuav tsum muab ua ke nrog ib tug tshuaj tiv thaiv qhua pias, rubella thiab kab mob ua qog nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub cev. Zoo taus nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam simultaneous txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kev npaj "Act-Hib" thiab txhais tau tias "tetrakis".

phiv

Heev tshuaj tsis tshua muaj ua rau phiv los ntawm lub cev, tsis zoo li domestic analogue - DTP tshuaj tiv thaiv. Teeb meem ntawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau manifested raws li ib tug me ntsis reddening ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub qhov koob. Xws li ib tug tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm tus kab mob yog muaj nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua txhua tus me nyuam. Tsawg feem ntau tshwm kev sib khi thiab ce. Lwm yam tsos mob feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv lub thawj 48 teev tom qab thawj coj ntawm qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Nws yog tseem tau nce nyob rau hauv lub cev kub rau 38 ° C. Nrog xws li ib tug sab nyhuv nyuaj siab los ntawm cov niam txiv ntawm 10% ntawm cov me nyuam txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv "tetrakis". Xyuas hais tias tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam tej zaum yuav tsis muaj qab los noj mov, tej zaum ntxhov pw tsaug zog, irritability zoo nkaus li. Yog hais tias tsim nyog, tus me nyuam yuav tsum tau muab ib tug antipyretic tshuaj.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau tus thawj txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tej zaum yuav manifested nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov mob nyob rau hauv lub ceg. Qhov no cov tsos mob feem ntau disappears kiag li tom qab 24 teev. Yog hais tias tus mob tsawv, koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab los ntawm ib tug kws kho mob.

Lub nyiam ntawm tus me nyuam rau kev tsis haum tom qab thawj coj ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tshwm sim ua xua, khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Yog li ntawd cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom cov me nyuam rau ib tug ob peb hnub ua ntej qhov pib ntawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav muab rau antihistamines nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog tsim nyog npaum li cas.

"Pentaxim" los yog "tetrakis"? Xyuas

Lwm nrov Fabkis tshuaj tiv thaiv chaw tsim tshuaj paus, "Sanofi Pasteur" yog "Pentaxim". Lub cuab tam yog tseem npaj rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm diphtheria, tetanus thiab pertussis. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ua ke nrog tshuaj tiv thaiv tso cai rau lub cev kom tsim kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv Hib thiab peb hom kab mob siab. Tetanus toxoid yog kev cob cog rua rau hemophilic tivthaiv nyob rau hauv ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib syringe.

"Pentaxim" yog ib tug ntawm ob peb lub tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tso cai rau kom tau kev tiv thaiv los ntawm 5 tam sim ntawd txaus ntshai rau tus me nyuam kab mob. Yog hais tias qhov yuav tsum tau rau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv Hib yog tsis tuaj kawm ntawv, tus me nyuam yuav ua lub tshuaj "tetrakis". Tus nqi ntawm cov nyiaj yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 300 rubles.

Ob yam tshuaj khwv tau ib tug ntau ntawm zoo tswv yim pom zoo. Ntau cov niam txiv yuav cov tshuaj rau kev nyab xeeb txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov me nyuam. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog interchangeable. Txawm li cas los, nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov hais tias hais tias "Pentaxim" tivthaiv muaj mob polio pathogen. Qhov no txhais tau tias ntxiv txhaj tshuaj txuas ntxiv siv cov "nyob" ncos. Cov kuj tswvyim rau tus me nyuam muaj ib qho immunologist.