Tetanus: npaj thiab thaum muaj xwm ceev kev tiv thaiv, tetanus toxoid

Ua thaum muaj xwm ceev prophylaxis ntawm tetanus yuav tsum nyob rau hauv thaum muaj xwm ceev qhov teeb meem yuav ua txhaum ntawm lub sam xeeb ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Ua li no, siv ntau yam tshuaj. Cov kev taw qhia yuav tsum tau nqa tawm nruj me ntsis kev pom ntawm lub xeev ntawm cov raug tsim txom. Yuav ua li cas cov tshuaj yog siv? Yuav ua li cas muaj tau tiv thaiv?

tetanus

Tus kab mob no yog tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug kab mob pathogen. Kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm hu rau thaum kab mob nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha los ntawm cov tawv nqaij uas. Tus kab mob yog txaus ntshai vim hais tias nws lub hom phaj lub hauv paus poob siab system. Nws yeej yog yus muaj los ntawm yam mob loj heev generalized convulsions thiab ib tug tag nrho voltage ntawm skeletal leeg laus.

Soj ntsuam ces yog txuam nrog lub fact tias yuav mus rau qhov tib neeg lub cev, tus kab mob pib tsim tetanus taug. Tetanospazmin, muaj nyob rau hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, thiab yog qhia los ntawm cov tonic contraction ntawm nqaij. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub cev accumulates tetanogemolizin uas ua rau kev puas tsuaj thiab kev tuag ntawm erythrocytes (hemolysis). Muaj uncoordinated kis mem tes, thiab excitability ntawm lub cerebral cortex yuav tsub kom. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nws muaj feem xyuam rau cov pa chaw, uas tej zaum yuav tuag.

anatoxin

Lub lim thiab adsorbed nyob rau gel ntawm txhuas hydroxide toxoid Tetanus siv rau tsim ntawm kev tiv thaiv mus rau lub pathogen. Nws yog siv rau thiab xwm txheej ceev tiv thaiv.

Tom qab rov qab, tus neeg mob twb tsis ua cev tsis mus rau pathogen. Qhov no qhia hais tias muaj yog ib tug uas muaj feem yuav rov muaj kab mob. Nws yog yog li ntawd tsim nyog siv ib lub tetanus toxoid. Externally nws pib ua ib yellowish ncua kev kawm ntawv. Thaum cia nws yog muab faib ua ob qhov chaw - ib tug pob tshab kua thiab precipitate. Ua 0.5 ml, uas yog ib tug-koob tshuaj txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov nyiaj no muaj ib tug tetanus toxoid - 10 EU. Kuj muaj raws li ib feem ntawm lub sorbent, thiab ib tug preservative. cov kev txhaj tshuaj ua kua yog nyob rau hauv ib tug 1 ml ampoule.

Nqa tawm thaum muaj xwm ceev kev tiv thaiv

Yuav kom tiv thaiv cov kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob yog muab raws li nram no npaj: tetanus toxoid, tetanus tiv thaiv kab mob globulin thiab tetanus toxoid. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub ua ke ntawm rooj plaub. Yog hais tias txhaj tshuaj muaj lawm tauj thiab tus neeg muaj nyob rau hauv nws ob txhais tes paub meej tias qhov no cov ntaub ntawv, tiv thaiv txhaj tshuaj yog tsis nqa tawm. Tsis mus ib tug kawg niaj hnub txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib tug hais rau koom haum saib xyuas ntawm tetanus toxoid. Yog hais tias ntau yam tshuaj twb tu, nws yuav siv sij hawm ib tug ua ke ntawm tetanus toxoid thiab immunoglobulin. Lub ntshiab twb muab rau cov me nyuam nyob rau hauv 5 lub hlis, uas niaj hnub ua prophylaxis twb tsis tau tau ua. Cov feem ntau nyuaj yog qhov teeb meem ntawm cev xeeb tub cov poj niam. Nyob rau hauv xws li mob, tej kev taw qhia ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub cev xeeb tub yog txwv tsis pub, thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ntshiab txhob. Uas yog vim li cas nws yog li ntawd ib qho tseem ceeb niaj hnub tiv thaiv kab mob.

Feem ntau siv yog tetanus toxoid. Cov lus qhia, tab sis yog yooj yim, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm yuav muab nyob rau hauv tsuas tshwj tsev.

npaj tiv thaiv txij nkawm

Tiv thaiv kom txhob muaj tshwm sim xws li txaus ntshai kab mob raws li tetanus, nws yuav pab raws sij hawm kev taw qhia ntawm lub neej coj tshuaj tiv thaiv, nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug npaj yam. Tetanus toxoid - tetanus taug yog neutralized kab mob. Lawv yuav tsis ua rau raug mob rau lub cev, on qhov tsis tooj, pab mus rau tsim ntawm tshuaj mus rau nrog ib tug active taug. Daim ntawv thov toxoid lus dag nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv raws li.

Thaum lub caij, niaj hnub prophylaxis siv DTP tshuaj tiv thaiv - tsis tsuas tiv thaiv tetanus tab sis tus kab mob pertussis thiab diphtheria.

Tetanus toxoid: cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog txhaj intramuscularly thiab npaj tswv yim, subcutaneous txhaj yog tsis tso cai, vim hais tias lawv ua mus rau tsim ntawm lub ntsaws ruaj ruaj. Dua li, cov tshuaj muab nyob rau hauv lub deltoid nqaij nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus cov pejxeem nyob rau hauv lub anterior-sab ceg nto (nruab nrab) nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam nyob rau hauv 3 xyoos. Tus txheej txheem niaj hnub prophylaxis nrog peb tshuaj tiv thaiv. Lawv tswvcuab, nram qab no ib tug caij nyoog ntawm 1.5 lub hlis, thiab pib ntawm 2 lub hlis uas tus me nyuam lub neej. Revaccination - ib xyoo tom qab lub thib peb.

phiv

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau ua rau ib tug me me sab los. Qhov no cov ntsiab lus rau qhov tseeb tsim ntawm lub cev thiab yuav sai sai no dhau. Txawm li cas los, cov niam txiv yuav tsum ceev faj thiab hais kom tus thajmaum menyuam yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mus rau lub intensive tshuaj tiv thaiv. Ntawm lub qhov yuav tshwm sim tau nyob rau hauv ib txwm zos cov tshuaj tiv thaiv - me ntsis o, lossis puas liab liab thiab rhiab. Child kev txhawj xeeb tsis qab los noj mov, ntuav, ua npaws thiab raws plab. Yog hais tias tsim nyog, tej zaum yuav tau txais antipyretic tshuaj. Cov teeb meem ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj yog cais. Nws tsis yog teeb meem yog tias pom tsuas yog ib lub pob liab vog. Txawm li cas los, yog hais tias tus me nyuam tsim angioedema los yog tu-sauv, koj yuav tsum tam sim ntawd hu rau ib tug tsheb thauj neeg mob. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, kev niaj hnub prophylaxis yuav tsum tau saib xyuas los ntawm ib tug cov menyuam yaus nyob hauv txhua theem. Qhov no yog kom tsis txhob loj teeb meem. Tshwj xeeb yuav xyuas kom meej kom zoo thawj coj ntawm cov tshuaj no raws li ib tug tetanus toxoid. Nws siv yuav tsum tau nruj me ntsis raws li cov lus qhia.

Kev tiv thaiv yog ib tug yuav tsum tshwm sim, uas yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv ib tug teem sij hawm yam. Qhov no complex tso cai los mus tiv thaiv tetanus, uas yog xam yuav tsis tshua muaj txaus ntshai kab mob.