Plob tsis so tswj kab mob: cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob. Cov tsos mob ntawm plob tsis so tswj kab mob

Pathological dab rau cov quav, tsim maj mam, thiab nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv tsis ntxhov neeg mob. Yog vim li cas cov neeg muaj feem ntau sab laug yam tsis txaus kho mob, raws li ntev raws li tus kab mob no tsis mus rau hauv lub mob daim ntawv. Yuav ua li cas cov tsos mob qhia tus kab mob thiab yuav ua li cas los kho ib plab hnyuv kab mob, peb yuav nrog.

Plab hnyuv kab mob yog ib tug pab pawg neeg ntawm inflammatory dab tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov nyuv thiab hnyuv. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, ntau yam tsis zoo yam thiab thinning tshwm sim lesion txheej membrane meem hauv lub hauv nruab nrog cev. plob tsis so tswj cov teeb meem muab kev koom tes gastroenterologists.

Yam rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm plab hnyuv pathologies

Cov kab mob ntawm lub plab thiab cov hnyuv vim qhov kev txiav txim nyob rau hauv lub cev tsis zoo yam, thiab nyob rau hauv tsawg zaus, ua o yog ib co ib tug teeb meem. Qhov ntau ntau yam yog vim li cas nyob rau tib lub sij hawm muaj kev cuam tshuam tib neeg lub cev, qhov ntau nyuaj nws yuav npaj mus tus kab mob thiab, thiaj li, qhov nyuaj yuav los kho nws.

Yam rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tej kev txawv txav ntawm txoj hnyuv, muaj xws li:

- Kev ua txhaum ntawm kev noj haus;

- immunological mob;

- puas siab puas ntsws lim thiab kev nyuaj siab rau lub sijhawm;

- genetic tau;

- lub cev inactivity;

- gastro-kab mob;

- ib tug kab mob plab hnyuv kab mob;

- dej caw, kev haus luam yeeb;

- noj lwm yam tshuaj (e.g., tshuaj tua kab mob).

Cov kab mob hauv cov hnyuv muaj xws li enteritis (plab hnyuv pathologic teeb meem functionality), carbohydrate intolerance, gluten enteropathy (tshwm sim vim tsis muaj cov tsim nyog enzymes nyob rau hauv lub cev), allergic vascular thiab plab hnyuv kab mob, Whipple tus kab mob, thiab lwm tus neeg. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv pib lawv txoj kev loj hlob vim ua txhaum ntawm lub sam xeeb los yog txheej membrane voos, meem hauv lub me me hnyuv vim kev noj cov zaub mov los yog noj tej tshuaj.

Kab mob ntawm cov nyuv muaj xws li mob plab, xws li ulcerative, Crohn tus kab mob, diverticulosis, thiab lwm yam chim siab plob tsis so tswj hlav thiab lwm yam kab mob. Cov feem ntau inflammatory dab nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no yog tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug kab mob tus kab mob, tab sis tsis cais cov ntaub ntawv thaum lub ua ua ib tug ntev chav kawm ntawm tshuaj tua kab mob, noj mob thiab thiaj li nyob.

Cov kab mob hauv cov hnyuv

Thaum nws los txog rau plob tsis so tswj kab mob, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob nyob ntawm seb qhov tsis zoo yam tseem ceeb uas txhais cov pathology. Cov hnyuv yog tus coos ib feem ntawm txoj hnyuv ib ntsuj av. Nws yog kev koom tes nyob rau hauv qhov haum cov as-ham los ntawm khoom noj khoom haus. Xav muaj tus kab mob hauv cov hnyuv, nws yog tsim nyog los xav txog tsis tsuas yam tseem ceeb ntawm lawv cov tsos, tab sis kuj lawv sib txawv ob peb ua ke. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau tus neeg mob rau xaiv tus tsim txoj kev kho.

Inflammatory dab sawv nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv, hu ua enteritis. Tus kab mob feem ntau yog mob los yog mob. Ua ntawm mob enteritis yog feem ntau kab mob (khoom noj khoom haus lom, "tus kab mob ntawm qias neeg txhais tes", thiab lwm yam). Raug cov tsos mob ntawm me me plob tsis so tswj kab mob expressed qhov rov tshwm sim ntawm xeev siab, ntuav, raws plab thiab lwm yam kev mob ntawm intoxication, raws li zoo raws li kub taub hau, ua npaws. Pathogens yog cov kab mob salmonella, kab mob cholera thiab lwm yam kab mob tifoparatifoznoy pab pawg neeg. Rau mob enteritis yus muaj los ntawm cov kab mob thiab protozoal kab mob, ib tug ntau yam ntawm mob ntawm lub cev. Ib tug feature ntawm tus mob hauv daim ntawv ntawm enteritis yog lub fact tias nws yog preceded by inflammatory los yog inflammatory-dystrophic cuam tshuam, kev tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv. Vim hais tias ntawm no tsis meej nyob rau hauv tib neeg tsim teeb meem digestive, muaj lub tu tub tu kiv ntawm pathogenic microorganisms nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv, uas ua rau yus lub cev thiab metabolic teeb meem.

Cov tsos mob plab hnyuv kab mob

Thaum plob tsis so tswj kab mob cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob nyob ntawm seb cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm hnyav mob, thiab qhov chaw ntawm nws qhov chaw nyob. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no yuav sib txawv ntawm me me mus rau mob loj heev. Thaum lub sij hawm lub active theem ntawm tus kab mob raws li los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm txoj kev zam txim. Cov soj ntsuam daim duab ntawm me me plab hnyuv o tsiag ntawv los ntawm cov nram qab no cov tsos mob:

- raws plab - ib qho teeb meem rau cov neeg uas muaj cov kab mob;

- ua npaws thiab kev nkag siab ntawm qaug zog - feem ntau nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov teeb meem nrog rau cov hnyuv nyob rau hauv tib neeg zoo nkaus li uas tsis muaj-qib kub taub hau, nws yim sab sab thiab tag kev cia siab;

- mob plab, tu-sauv - o thiab ulceration ntawm lub plab hnyuv mucosa zaum yuav cuam tshuam rau tej zog ntawm cov zaub mov los ntawm tus mob huam thiab yog li ua mob thiab ntswj;

- xeev siab, ntuav;

- lub xub ntiag ntawm cov ntshav nyob rau hauv quav - feem ntau yog nws qhia tias nrog los ntshav hauv cov hnyuv;

- tsis qab los noj mov - mob plab thiab tu-sauv, raws li zoo raws li lub xub ntiag ntawm o nyob rau hauv lub cev, feem ntau yog cov nov ntawm nqaij tawv ntawm kev tshaib kev nqhis;

- sai poob phaus.

Clinic mob cov kab mob hauv cov hnyuv yog tshwm sim los ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm recurrent raws plab thiab malabsorption syndrome. Zawv plab provoked hypersecretion ntawm dej thiab calcium ions nyob rau hauv lub cev, plab hnyuv giperekssudatsiey, nce osmotic siab thiab disturbance ntawm plab hnyuv txheem thauj muaj nuj nqi. Malabsorption syndrome yog ib tug ntawm recurrent raws plab.

Cov tsos mob ntawm kab mob ntaub ntawv koom dispersion enteric syndrome (tsos ntawm tsis kaj siab ncus nyob rau hauv lub plab mog rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ib ncig lub puj ntaws). Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tus neeg mob mob rumbling thiab bursting lawm nyob rau hauv lub plab mog, tsam plab. Mob plab tej zaum yuav spasmodic, ntswj los yog ib tug dull cim. Yog hais tias tus mob zuj zus tom qab noj mov, nws txhais tau tias tus kab mob no twb dhau nyob rau hauv ib tug khiav daim ntawv.

Cov kab mob ntawm txoj hnyuv loj

Kab mob ntawm cov nyuv muaj xws li mob mob ntawm tag nrho los yog qhov chaw ntawm cov nyuv. Qhov no feem ntau ulcerative mob plab thiab Crohn tus kab mob. Ob kab mob yog txuam nrog rau kom zawv plab heev, mob mob plab, nkees thiab poob phaus. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg yog xav tias plob tsis so tswj kab mob, cov tsos mob, thiab kev kho mob yuav tsum tau txiav txim kom sai li sai li sai tau, vim hais tias cov tsis tuaj kawm ntawv ntawm txaus txoj kev kho yuav ua tau kom koj txoj sia teeb meem.

Ulcerative mob plab yog ib qho inflammatory tus kab mob uas ua rau ulceration ntawm lub puab phab ntsa ntawm cov nyuv. Crohn tus kab mob no yog yus muaj los ntawm o ntawm lub mucosa ntawm tus mob huam, o feem ntau extends deep rau hauv lub cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab muaj peev xwm muaj kev cuam tshuam li cas tuab thiab hnyuv. Collagen thiab lymphocytic mob plab kuj pom tias cov kab mob ntawm cov nyuv, tab sis nws yog feem ntau yog nyias los ntawm lub classical inflammatory plob tsis so tswj kab mob.

Lub caij nyoog ua ntawm inflammatory plob tsis so tswj kab mob tseem tsis paub hais tias. Nyuam qhuav pib pathological yam xws li kev nyuaj siab, kev tsim txom cov pluas noj. Tam sim no cov kws kho mob paub hais tias cov yog vim li cas tej zaum yuav paug, tab sis tsis txhob ntxias cov teeb meem. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias feem ntau tus kab mob nyuv tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob tus kab mob, uas penetrates nws nrog cov uas tsis muaj-zoo khoom noj khoom haus cov khoom, dej haus, tau txais antimicrobials. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib tug tau ua yog ib tug disturbance ntawm lub cev thiab caj. Plab hnyuv muaj teeb meem tshwm vim narrowing ntawm cov hlab ntsha nyob rau hauv cov nyuv thiab compromising nws cov ntshav mov. Feem ntau, qhov no yog vim li cas yog raug rau cov neeg laus.

Cov tsos mob ntawm cov nyuv kab mob

Muaj ntau yam tshwm sim ntawm plob tsis so tswj kab mob yog raug thiab resonate nrog txhua lwm yam. Yam ntxwv cov tsos mob muaj xws li mob plab los yog ntswj nyob rau hauv cov xwm blunt, tau chua. Lub puab nto coated nrog nyuv ulcers, uas tej zaum yuav los ntshav. Cov neeg mob tsis txaus siab ntawm thaum sawv ntxov qaug zog quav nrog cov ntshav thiab hnoos qeev tso tawm, anemia (nrog tsis loj nyiaj ntawm cov ntshav), rhiab ntawm cov pob qij txha. Feem ntau tus kab mob no yog uncontrolled poob phaus, tsis qab los noj mov, ua npaws, flatulence, lub cev qhuav dej. Feem ntau tus neeg mob muaj qhov quav fissures.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hais tias xws li ib tug loj hnyuv kab mob, cov tsos mob uas yuav tau yuam kev rau lwm yam kab mob, tau raug kuaj nyob rau hauv ib tug raws sijhawm. Nyob rau hauv lub qhaj ntawv ntawm txaus kev kho mob ntawm tus neeg mob yuav ua rau kom qhov uas yuav kom tsim teeb meem (Oncology, fistulas, plab hnyuv ruptures thiab plab hnyuv rhuav txhua).

mob enterocolitis

Mob enterocolitis yog ib tug simultaneous o raws li ib tug nyias thiab txoj hnyuv loj, uas yog yus muaj los ntawm Atrophy ntawm lub qog ua kua membrane meem hauv lub puab nto ntawm cov hnyuv, uas ua rau disturbance ntawm plab hnyuv muaj nuj nqi. Nyob rau hauv lub chaw ntawm cov inflammatory txheej txheem rau zoo kom raws tus kab mob (enteritis) thiab tuab (mob plab) ib lub zuj zus hnyuv.

Ua rau mob enterocolitis tshwm sim los ntawm tej yam nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev nram qab no pathological yam:

- long-term kev noj cov zaub mov;

- tsis hnov kev tiv thaiv thiab cov metabolism hauv;

- hormonal ntshawv siab, kev nyuaj siab;

- intoxication tshuaj tshuaj thiab tshuaj;

- tshwj xeeb plob tsis so tswj qauv;

- gastro-kab mob;

- kab mob ntawm hauv nruab nrog cev;

- plab hnyuv thiab cab kab mob.

Ib qho ntawm feem ntau pathogens ntawm mob enterocolitis yog plab hnyuv giardia (ib tug yees duab ntawm cov cab yuav suav hais tias nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm). Lawv yog cov tau muab sai thiab ua rau giardiasis. Tej yam tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob muaj xws li raws plab, tshaj roj, ntswj thiab mob plab, xeev siab, ntuav. Giardia, ib tug yees duab uas yog muaj nyob rau hauv daim duab, muaj ob hom: active thiab tsaug zog. Active ntaub ntawv ntawm cov cab nyob hauv tib neeg lub cev, ntawm lub tawm rau sab nraum cov quav lawv mus rau hauv ib qho tsaug zog daim ntawv thiab kis tau tus kab mob sab nraum lub cev.

Mob enterocolitis yog feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm cov neeg pluag los yog ncua kev kho mob ntawm mob ntaub ntawv ntawm inflammatory plob tsis so tswj dab. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj ib tug uas yuav muaj kis tus kab mob no yog pub thiab tau cov neeg uas raws li cov me nyuam mos twb raj mis noj.

Adhesive plob tsis so tswj kab mob

Adhesions yog nyias fibrous cov ntaub so ntswg tsim nyob rau hauv lub plab kab noj hniav vim muaj ntau yam tsis zoo yam. Adhesive plob tsis so tswj kab mob, cov tsos mob ntawm uas yog feem ntau qhia nyob rau hauv cov tsos ntawm spazmiruyutsya mob, yog tshwj xeeb yog txaus ntshai rau tib neeg. Lub ntsiab lus tsis txaus siab ntawm cov neeg mob, raws li ib tug txoj cai, yog ib tug mob mob nyob rau hauv lub plab mog, uas txiav txim rau qhov xwm ntawm truudno. Tej zaum kuj muaj yog ib tug hnyuv rhuav txhua, cem quav, chim siab. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub nplaum plob tsis so tswj kab mob, uas nws cov tsos mob yuav tsum zoo xws li gynecological teeb meem, feem ntau qhov ua rau ntawm cov poj niam ntxiv lawm tshob.

Lub ntsiab tsos mob muaj xws li tsis xis nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub puj ntaws, tu-sauv, zoo nkaus li mob plab distention. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyob qhov twg muaj adhesions, muaj yog ib tug twisting ntawm txoj hnyuv, uas tes nrog rau tej zog ntawm nws txheem. Tej zaum qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tag nrho cov hnyuv dab tsi thaiv. Tu siab, tsis muaj ntau diagnostic txoj kev yuav tau mus ntes adhesions: lawv muaj peev xwm tsis tau pom raws li ib tug X-ray los yog ib tug ultrasound xeem. Lawv yuav pom tau tias thaum uas siv cov ib barium contrast thaum koj coj xoo tomography. Kev kho mob nplaum kab mob nqa laparoscopic phais los yog qhib phais los ntawm riam phais neeg rassekaniya adhesions los yog electrocution.

Mob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm txoj hnyuv

Kev tshawb nrhiav inflammatory plob tsis so tswj kab mob yuav tsum tsuas yog tom qab cov cais tawm ntawm lwm tau teeb meem. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ib tug ua ke ntawm diagnostic tests. Diagnosing plob tsis so tswj kab mob muaj xws li cov nram qab no kev ntsuam xyuas thiab cov txheej txheem:

- Analysis ntawm cov ntshav - nws yog tsim nyog los tswj cov theem ntawm hemoglobin.

- quav nrhiav kom tau ntawm cov ntshav nyob rau hauv nws.

- mus xoos hnyuv laus - tso cai rau koj mus saib tag nrho cov nyuv siv ib tug nyias, saj zawg zog raj nrog lub koob yees duab uas txuas mus rau nws. Thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev, tus kws kho mob yuav siv los mus soj ntxiv (me) kuaj cov ntaub so ntswg.

- packaging sigmoidoscopy - yog nqa ntawm ib tug nyias saj zawg zog raj nrog ib lub teeb sensor, uas tso cai rau saib sigmoid nyuv feem.

- Upper endoscopy - tus kws kho mob yuav siv ib cov nyias nyias, saj zawg zog ci ntsa iab raj mus xyuas cov hlab pas, lub plab thiab cov thawj feem ntawm cov hnyuv.

- Capsular endoscopy - nqa tawm rau qhov mob ntawm Crohn tus kab mob.

- X-ray diagnostics - yog yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm teeb meem loj nrog rau cov hnyuv, nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim kom tsis txhob loj teeb meem (xws li, perforation ntawm cov nyuv).

- xoo tomography - ib txoj kev ua rau nws tau xav txog ntau ntau qhov chaw nyob rau hauv daim duab dua nyob rau hauv lub X-ray. Qhov kev kuaj ntawd ntsuas lub tag nrho hnyuv, thiab cov ntaub so ntswg nyob sab nraum ntawm nws.

- Sib Nqus resonance imaging - yog ib tug tshwj xeeb siv tau txoj kev los mus tshem tawm fistulas, so, thiab lwm yam teeb meem.

Kev kho mob ntawm plab hnyuv kab mob

Yuav kom zoo kho plob tsis so tswj kab mob, cov tsos mob, thiab kev kho mob yuav tsum tau zoo txuas. Tus aim ntawm qhov kev kho mob ntawm inflammatory plob tsis so tswj kab mob no yog los txo cov mob uas ua cov tsos mob thiab ua rau tsis xis nyob. Zoo Tsim Nyog txoj kev kho yuav tsis tau tsuas yog pab txhawb lub manifestation ntawm tus kab mob, tab sis kuj ua rau long-term zam txim, txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem. Ua ntej koj yuav kho ib tug hnyuv kab mob, ib tug kws kho mob ua ib txhij txhua kuaj uas tso cai rau koj mus xaiv lub zoo tshaj plaws tshuaj.

Kev kho mob tej zaum yuav tshuaj, thiab nrov phais hom kev kawm. Cov tshuaj yuav pab cov tsos mob thiab txo qhov uas yuav muaj teeb meem. Tam sim ntawd nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias muaj ntau cov neeg mob yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj rau ib ntev lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm. Xaiv cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub chaw ntawm o, lub heev ntawm cov tsos mob thiab yuav tsum tau raws kev coj kom lub tiv thaiv ntawm tus kab mob tsis tshua mob heev. Tej zaum koj yuav tau muab tshuaj, pab tshuaj txoj kev kho pej xeem cov zaub mov txawv.

Rau cov kev kho mob ntawm plab hnyuv kab mob thiab inflammatory dab siv cov nram qab no pawg ntawm cov tshuaj:

- anti-inflammatory siv tshuaj (aminosalitsitaly, corticosteroids nyob rau hauv);

- antibacterial cov neeg ua hauj (e.g., neeg sawv cev "Ciprofloxacin");

- immunomodulators (tshuaj "Methotrexate", "Azathioprine");

- kab mob modifying cov neeg ua hauj (tshuaj "infliximab", "Adalimumab").

Kev kho mob ntawm kev kho mob tshuaj yuav tsum tau nrog los ntawm cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv kev noj haus, kev nyuaj siab yuav txo tau, so raws li tsoom fwv. Ib tug heev ib qho tseem ceeb kauj ruam nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob yog tias tus neeg mob raws li ib tug khoom noj nrog plob tsis so tswj kab mob. Cov khoom noj yuav tsum muaj xws li ntawm kev noj qab nyob kuas cov khoom uas muaj ib tug txaus tus nqi ntawm cov nqaijrog thiab cov as-ham. Noj cov zaub mov yog xaiv ib lub zuj zus rau txhua tus neeg mob. Los ntawm tej yam nram no tswv yim pom zoo yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi rau qhov tseeb voltage:

- noj me me mov noj thoob plaws hauv lub hnub;

- haus dej haus kom ntau ntawm cov dej ntshiab (mus txog 2 liv nyob rau hauv me me sib npaug kawm ntawv thaum lub sij hawm ib hnub);

- tsis txhob zaub mov uas muaj fiber ntau cov ntsiab lus (taum, ceev, bran);

- tsis kam fatty thiab kib zaub mov, kua ntsw, cov khoom noj uas ua rau flatulence;

- kom tsis txhob khoom noj siv mis (lactose intolerance);

- Thaum lub sij hawm kev kho mob nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb yuav coj vitamins B12, D, calcium, iron tshuaj.

Feem ntau kev kho mob ntawm plob tsis so tswj kab mob ua surgically. Cov yooj yim ua hauj lwm xa resections envisage tshem tawm ntawm cov plob tsis so tswj feem. Kev kho mob ua paug thiab fistulas nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qhov quav yog muaj los ntawm txoj kev phais raws li drenazhirovaniem.

kev tiv thaiv

Kom digestive muaj nuj nqi pib nrog zoo zuag qhia tag nrho noj qab haus huv. Kabmob ntawm tus mob huam yog nyob rau ntawm ib tug txhim khu kev qha kev tiv thaiv kab system, uas yog tau los kom tiv thaiv kab mob nrog. Kev tiv thaiv yog tswj kev txhim kho kev noj qab nyob thiab tib neeg zoo.

1. Muab mus haus luam yeeb. Sawv daws yeej paub tias haus luam yeeb ua kab mob plawv, koj muaj teebmeem kev tawg ua. Raws li statistics, 30% ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev haus luam yeeb, nws yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv lub digestive system, ntau tshaj 40% ntawm lawv - ib tug plob tsis so tswj kab mob. Kev haus luam yeeb yuav tsub kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim ulcerative mob plab, Crohn tus kab mob, impairs siab thiab txiav, thiab lwm tus neeg.
2. Control lub cev hnyav. Rog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tshaj qhov hnyav laus nyob rau hauv lub plab mog, ua digestive system kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog esophageal yuav kab mob thiab cov nyuv mob cancer.
3. Active txoj kev ua neej. Kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias lub cev ua si thiaj li muaj qhov uas yuav muaj kab mob ntawm tus mob huam, plab hnyuv mob nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus.
4. Khoom noj khoom haus. Tsis kam ntawm cov khoom noj muaj roj muaj txhawb rau nqa tsis tau. Dhau li noj qab nyob zoo khoom noj khoom haus nplua nuj nyob rau hauv fiber, uas muaj txhawb mus rau lub qub hauj lwm ntawm lub hnyuv.