Ntshav hais txog ib tug cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab yog vim li cas?

Muaj coob tus neeg tsis txawm paub hais tias cov ntshav belongs rau lub connective cov ntaub so ntswg. Feem ntau cov ntseeg hais tias qhov no kua yog ib tug sib tov ntawm ib tug plurality ntawm cov khoom thiab tsis muaj ntau. Txawm li cas los, nws tsis yog li ntawd. Ntshav - ib tug connective cov ntaub so ntswg muaj ib tug liab xim thiab yog lossi nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv tsa suab. Qhov no kua cas nyob rau hauv lub cev tseem ceeb thiab es complex zog. Nws yeej ntshav los ntawm cov circulatory system lossi. Vim li no, nws yog tag nrho cov tsim nyog Cheebtsam ntawm metabolic gases thiab solutes. Tab sis yog vim li cas nqa cov ntshav rau cov ntaub so ntswg? Nws yog ib tug ua kua.

ntshav muaj pes tsawg leeg

Yuav kom to taub yuav ua li cas thov cov ntshav ntaub so ntswg, thiab yog vim li cas, yuav tsum xav txog tsis tsuas nws yooj yim zog, tiam sis kuj tus qauv. Yuav ua li cas yog nws? Ntshav yog ib tug cov ntaub so ntswg muaj li ntawm hlwb thiab ntshav. Yog li txhua lub caij ua tej yam zog thiab nws muaj nws tus kheej lub zog.

Ntshav yog tshuam tshab kua uas muaj ib tug me ntsis yellowish tint. Qhov no feem ua ib tug loj feem ntawm tag nrho cov ntim ntawm cov ntshav nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev. Cov ntshav muaj peb hom ntawm daim ntawv hais:

1. Platelets - platelets uas muaj oval los yog kheej kheej zoo.
2. Leukocytes - ntshav dawb.
3. Ntshav liab - liab hlwb, uas muab cov ntshav tus yam ntxwv Hawj txawm, vim siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm hemoglobin.

Tsis yog txhua tus paub ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov kua yog muaj nyob rau hauv peb lub cev. Raws li cov tib neeg circulatory system lossi yeej txog 4-5 litres ntawm cov ntshav. Yog li 55% ntawm tag nrho cov ntim nyob los ntawm cov ntshav, thiab tshuav feem pua poob mus zoo li tus hais tias ua li feem ntau ntawm cov erythrocytes yog - 90%.

haematic

Yog li ntawd, mus rau ib tug cov ntaub so ntswg muaj xws li ntshav, ntau dua los yog tsawg ntshiab. Qhov ntawd yog cia li tsis txhua leej txhua tus paub hais tias qhov no kua tej zaum yuav muaj ntau ntxoov. Piv txwv li, cov ntshav uas ntws los ntawm cov hlab ntsha, thawj nkag mus rau hauv lub plawv los ntawm lub ntsws thiab ces kis thoob plaws lub cev oxygen. Nws muaj ib tug kaj scarlet xim. Tom qab cov ntaub so ntswg yuav tsum tau muab faib los ntawm lub caij O _2, ntshav ntws rov qab mus rau hauv lub plawv los ntawm lub veins. Ntawm no, cov kua txiv ib tsos tsaus tsawv.

thaj chaw ntawm cov ntshav

Hom ntaub muaj xws li ntshav thiab yog dab tsi cov khoom? Kuv yuav tsum hais tias ntawm tus nyuam tias qhov no yog tsis yog ib tug ua kua. Qhov no tshuaj, cov viscosity ntawm uas yog nyob rau ntawm qhov feem pua ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov nqaijrog thiab erythrocytes. Cov zog cuam tshuam rau cov kev ceev ntawm lub zog, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau cov ntshav siab. Nws yog lub zog ntawm Cheebtsam ntawm muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab ceev ntawm lub substance vim cov ntaub so ntswg turnover. Cais cov ntshav txav heev txawv. Lawv yog cov tau tsiv mus nyob, tsis tsuas ib lub zuj zus, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv tej pawg me me, piv txwv li, qhov no siv rau cov ntshav liab. Cov tsim ntsiab yog tau tsiv mus nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub ntsha nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm "sib tsub sib nias" uas resemble Stacked npib. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, cov ntshav liab thiab yuav muab koj hloov ib lub zuj zus. Raws li rau cov dawb hlwb, lawv feem ntau yog nyob raws cov phab ntsa hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab tsuas yog ib.

Yuav ua li cas yog ntshav?

Yuav kom to taub yuav ua li cas thov cov ntshav ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg yuav tsum tau muab suav hais tias ntau kom zoo zoo ntau yam. Yuav ua li cas yog ntshav? Qhov no cov ntshav tivthaiv yog ib cov kua ntawm lub teeb daj xim. Nws yog yuav luag pob tshab. Nws Hawj txawm tshwm sim los ntawm cov muaj nyob rau hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg uas dawb lias hais thiab xim gall. Ntshav yog hais txog 90% ntawm cov dej. Qhov seem ntim nyob los ntawm cov minerals yaj nyob rau hauv cov kua thiab organic tshuaj. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias nws cov qauv yog tsis tas li. Qhov feem pua ntawm cov tib yam tej zaum yuav txawv. Cov lej no tej nyob ntawm seb lub hom ntawm cov zaub mov noj, yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam ntsev nyob rau hauv nws yog thiab ntau npaum li cas dej. Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv ntshav nram qab no:

1. 1% - minerals, nrog rau cov poov tshuaj, magnesium, hlau, poov hlau, sodium cations, iodine, sulfur, phosphorus, tshuaj chlorine ua anions.
2. Organic tshuaj, cov uas hais txog 2% ntawm uric, lactic thiab lwm yam acids, amino acids thiab muaj roj, 7% protein thiab txog 0.1% qabzib.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov ntshav

Cov nqaijrog uas yog ib feem ntawm cov ntshav, yog nquag muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv cov kev pauv ntawm dej, raws li zoo raws li nws cov kev faib nruab nrab ntawm cov ntshav thiab cov nqaij mos kua. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, qhov no yog tsis yog txhua txhua ntawm lub zog ntawm cov Cheebtsam. Tsaug rau cov nqaijrog cov ntshav yuav khov dua. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib co Cheebtsam yog tshuaj uas neutralize txawv teb chaws cov neeg ua hauj nyob rau hauv lub cev. Cov luag hauj lwm rau fibrinogen - soluble protein. Qhov no tshuaj yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm cov ntshav txhaws. Nyob rau hauv tus ntawm tej yam tseem ceeb ntawm lub teeb nws yog hloov mus rau hauv fibrin, uas yog insoluble.

Ntshav koom mus rau ib tug nqaij uas ua tej kev khiav dej num nyob rau hauv lub cev. Nws muaj pes tsawg leeg uas yog nws. Ntshav kuj muaj ib yam tshuaj ua los ntawm cov endocrine qog. Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm no ntshav tivthaiv kuj muaj xws li tshuaj uas yog tsim nyog rau ib txwm hauj lwm ntawm lub cev. Feem ntau, qhov no bioactive ntsiab.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias ntshav nyob rau hauv uas tsis muaj fibrinogen, feem ntau yog hu ua cov ntshiab.

erythrocytes

Yuav kom to taub yuav ua li cas thov cov ntshav cov ntaub so ntswg thiab yog vim li cas yuav tsum ntau kom zoo zoo xav txog tsis tsuas nws muaj pes tsawg leeg tab sis kuj zoo li cas zog yog ua los ntawm tej yam Cheebtsam. Thiab lawv yog cov tsis yog li ntawd ntau npaum li cas. Feem ntau ntawm cov ntshav muaj ntshav liab. Cov Cheebtsam roos los ntawm 44 mus 48% ntawm tag nrho cov ntim. Cov ntshav liab yog hlwb uas muaj rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm disks, biconcave nyob rau hauv lub center. Lawv txoj kab uas hla yog hais txog 7.5 microns. Qhov no daim ntawv ntawm cov ntshav liab tsub kom lub efficiency ntawm tag nrho cov muaj sia muaj dab. Vim lub concavity ntawm lub hlwb muaj ib tug loj cheeb tsam. Qhov no zoo tshaj yuav yog qho tseem ceeb heev rau ib tug zoo dua nkev pauv. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias mature ntshav liab tsis muaj nuclei. Lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntshav - lub hloov lwm lub tsev ntawm lub ntsws mus rau lwm cov ntaub so ntswg xws li ib qho tseem ceeb substance ua pa. Qhov tseeb no qhia tias cov ntshav siv rau cov ntaub, uas ua thauj zog.

Cov yooj yim zog ntawm erythrocytes

erythrocytes lub npe txhais los ntawm Greek txhais tau tias "liab." Nws ntxoov ntxoo hlwb yuav tsum protein hemoglobin. Qhov no tshuaj muaj ib tug complex qauv thiab muaj peev xwm mus khi nrog oxygen. Raws li ib feem ntawm cov qe ntshav liab pom ob peb lub ntsiab qhov chaw: cov protein - losis tswvyim dabtsi globulin, thiab uas tsis yog-protein uas muaj hlau. Cov yav tas cov ntaub ntawv uas tso cai hlwb xa mus rau oxygen.

Tsim cov ntshav liab, feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv lub hlwb pob txha. Tag nrho maturation tshwm sim tom qab tsib hnub. Lub neej luv ntawm cov ntshav liab - tsis ntau tshaj 120 hnub. Cov hlwb puas lawm los lub siab thiab tus po. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov qe ntshav liab lov rau hauv lub globulin thiab uas tsis yog-protein Cheebtsam. Muaj kuj yog qhov kev tso tawm ntawm cov hlau ions. Lawv rov qab mus rau lub hlwb pob txha thiab yog siv los rov tsim cov ntshav hlwb. Tom qab lub liberation ntawm hlau uas tsis yog-protein tivthaiv ntawm hemoglobin yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau bilirubin - cov kua tsib xim, uas mus nrog rau cov kua tsib mus rau hauv lub digestive ib ntsuj av. Txo cov theem ntawm cov ntshav liab nyob rau hauv tib neeg cov ntshav, feem ntau yog ua rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm anemia los yog anemia.

leukocytes

Ntshav hais txog cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub sab hauv ib puag ncig. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub ntshav thiab ntshav liab nyob hauv nws tseem qe ntshav dawb. Cov hlwb yog kiag li tsis muaj kob. Lawv tiv thaiv lub cev tiv thaiv teeb meem ceev dua. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov ntshav dawb yog muab faib ua nezernistye - agranulocytes thiab granular - granulocytes. Cov yav tas muaj xws li eosinophils, basophils, qe. Lawv txawv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau tej yam dyes. Yog xav thov granular lymphocytes thiab monocytes. Lawv muaj granules nyob rau hauv lub cytoplasm thiab nucleus, uas yog ua los ntawm cov theem.

Granulocytes tiv thaiv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov Cheebtsam yog tau noog nyob rau hauv lub kab mob ntawm tus kab mob thiab tawm hlab ntsha. Lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi ntawm monocyte - haum ntawm cov teeb meem kab mob, thiab lymphocytes - zus tau tej cov interferon thiab antibodies, raws li zoo raws li kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov kev mob hlwb.

platelets

Lub pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov ntshav kuj muaj, thiab qe ua ntshav khov. Cov no yog cov me me, tsis muaj kob thiab uas tsis yog-nuclear phiaj, uas yog, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, yog tawg tsam ntawm lub hlwb nyob rau hauv cov hlwb pob txha - megakaryocytes. Tus duab ntawm tus platelets yuav ua tau pas nrig-zoo li tus, kheej kheej thiab dawb. Lawv lub neej expectancy yog tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 10 hnub. Lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi ntawm platelets - yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem uas txuam nrog cov ntshav txhaws. Cov ntshav yuav tso cov tshuaj uas yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv tej yam kev tshua khiav thaum puas hauv cov hlab ntsha. Yog li fibrinogen maj hloov dua siab tshiab rau insoluble strands ntawm fibrin. Cov ntshav liab muaj entangled, thiab cov no ib tug thrombus.

Lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi ntawm cov ntshav

Ntshav, qog nqaij mos no, uas tsis tsuas yog cov pa oxygen thiab lwm yam kev pab Cheebtsam ntawm kabmob, tab sis kuj ua ob peb tseem ceeb functions. Lub fact tias cov dej cov ntaub ntawv yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau ib tug neeg, tsis muaj ib tug xav. Tab sis tsis yog txhua tus paub li cas no yuav tsum tau cov ntshav.

Qhov no ntaub ua ob peb tseem ceeb functions:

1. Ntshav koom ib tug ntaub uas tiv thaiv tib neeg lub cev los ntawm ntau yam kev raug mob thiab kab mob. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub ntsiab luag hauj lwm no yog ua si los ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb: monocytes thiab qe. Lawv maj rau cov cheeb tsam thiab uasi nyob rau hauv cov chaw no. Lawv lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi - phagocytosis, nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus - qhov haum ntawm microorganisms. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, monocytes yog macrophages thiab qe - mus macrophages. Nrog kev hwm rau lwm hom ntawm leukocytes xws li lymphocytes, lawv tsim tshuaj uas lwv nrog teeb meem ceev dua. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov ntshav muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv tshem tuag thiab puas cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev.
2. Tsis tas li ntawd tsis txhob hnov qab hais tias cov ntshav siv rau cov ntaub, uas ua thauj zog. Cov zog no tseem ceeb heev rau lub cev. Tom qab cov ntshav khiav muaj feem xyuam rau yuav luag tag nrho cov dab, xws li kev ua pa thiab digestion. Kua nqaij mos hlwb kis thoob plaws lub cev oxygen thiab tshem tawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide, qhov kawg khoom thiab tus organic tshuaj yog conveyed bioactive ntsiab thiab cov tshuaj hormones.

Qhov tshwj xeeb muaj nuj nqi ntawm cov ntshav

Ntshav hais txog cov ntaub so ntswg uas regulates kub. Qhov no kua uas yuav tsum tau rau ib tug neeg mus rau li qub hauj lwm ntawm tag nrho cov kabmob. Nws tso cai rau cov ntshav kom muaj ib tug qhov kub. Nyob rau hauv lub qub active tivthaiv txawv nyob rau hauv ib nqaim ntau - hais txog 37 ° C.