Neeg pleev kob rau Kurbe Gyustav: Lub neej thiab ua hauj lwm

Kurbe Gyustav (1819-1877) - cov neeg pleev kob, muab tej txiaj ntsim nrog loj txuj ci, yuav luag tus kheej-qhia. Nws txhob txwm tshaj tawm muab cov kev kawm style ntawm painting thiab tau los ua tus founder ntawm realism, tau dhau nyob rau hauv lub lig hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ncaj qha naturalism. Wise kev nyuaj siab Gyustav Kurbe uas nws yees duab (saum toj no) tau ua nyob rau hauv lub xeem xyoo ntawm nws lub neej, zoo nkaus li txawj xav txiv neej uas yog tsis ua zoo zoo tshaj rau nws yog.

thaum yau

Kurbe Gyustav yug nyob rau hauv ib tug me me lub zos (los ntawm peb cov kev cai hauv zos) nrog ib tug neeg nyob ntawm peb txhiab tug neeg nyob rau hauv Ornans, nyob ze Switzerland. Leej Txiv ua npau suav hais tias nws tus tub yog ib tug kws lij choj, ces nws xa nws nyob rau hauv 1837 mus kawm ntawv nyob rau ntawm lub noob nom noob tswv College nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Besancon, nyob tsis deb ntawm nws lub tsev. Nyob rau hauv nws cov tib tug yam Kurbe Gyustav pib cov chav kawm nyob rau hauv nrag nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv David.

Paris

Nyob rau hauv nees nkaum xyoo, tus tub hluas mus rau lub capital, ostensibly los txhim kho kev txawj ntse nyob rau hauv kev cai lij choj. Tab sis nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag nws mus ntsib lub Louvre thiab kos duab cob qhia, nyob rau hauv uas nws twb txiav txim siab ua ib yam dabtsi. Tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm cov kev cob qhia, nws txawm nres: muaj tau raug qhia kom pleev xim nudes.

exhibition

Tus thawj exhibition ntawm lub Salon Kurbe Gyustav nthuav nws tus kheej-portrait nrog tus aub. Nws yog twb pom ywj siab thiab nyeem tau yog tseem muaj ib tug romantic artist uas yog tab tom nrhiav rau nws txoj kev. Pub dawb, txaus siab, ywj siab tub hluas xwm nyob rau hauv lub qhov tsua ntawm cov qus cliffs. Nrog nyob ntsiag to arrogance nws zoo ncaj qha mus rau tus tuav. Lub qhov muag yog hais txog lub golden seem kab, yog li ntawd tus tuav yuav tsis rhuav kuv tus kheej deb ntawm nws. Cov txheej txheem no tau raug dua thiab unsuccessfully borrowed los ntawm ntxias Leonardo. Ntawm no, ib yam nkaus thiab, nws yog tsis heev muaj peev xwm los npaj. Tab sis zoo thiab nyob ntsiag to tu siab Spaniel thiab Golden xim av festive xim, thiab NW nyuam qhuav pom toj roob hauv pes nyob rau hauv lub depths ntawm daim duab. Lwm yam tej hauj lwm ntawm lub artist nyob rau hauv lub salon twb tsis txais.

Arts thiab kev nom kev tswv

Paris tau yeej ib txwm tau politicized nroog. Nws yog txhua yam raged nyob rau hauv lub thirties thiab forties, thiab lub kiv puag ncig ntawm 1848 thiab twb fascinated los ntawm Courbet. Nws thiab nws cov phooj ywg nrhiav tau lub Socialist Club thiab tsim ib lub cim ntawm cov neeg. Tab sis lub barricades Gustave mus. By lub sij hawm no, cov artist tau nyob rau hauv lub Netherlands thiab coj ib tug ntshiab lub siab xav mus kiag li lov nrog Romanticism. Tsim ib cov tswvyim tshiab raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug series ntawm paintings, Gyustav Kurbe, uas nws ua hauj lwm raug muab tso tseg cia li ua ntej, nyob rau hauv 1849, tshaaj ntawm lub Salon 7 paintings. Ces nws tsis nyuaj thawj lub sij hawm lo lus "realism", thiab ib tug ntawm cov tej hauj lwm, "Tav su ntawm Ornans," yeej ib tug thib ob kub puav pheej.

"Burial ntawm Ornans" (1849)

Qhov no loj canvas ntsuas ntau tshaj peb meters nyob rau hauv ntev thiab ib qhov siab ntawm ntau tshaj ib nrab ntawm cov artist Gyustav Kurbe mob siab rau nws ib tug yawg. Cov nuj nqis nyob rau hauv canvas ua yuav luag ntuj loj. Tag nrho cov townspeople sim kom tau ib tug duab-epic. Nws qhia tau hais tias thiab hu nkauj, thiab lub pov thawj hlob, thiab lub nroog ntawm lub nroog, thiab cov neeg nyob rau hauv dub mourning khaub ncaws. Xim accents no yog ua los rau cov dawb thiab liab-robed clergymen. Impressive kuj heev txais kev tsa nto saum toj no cov neeg sawv crucifix nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm yav dhau. Cov zajlus yog heev prosaic, tab sis nthuav nyob rau hauv daim duab no cov dluab ntawm cov neeg uas tsim Courbet, nce mus kwvyees. Los ntawm tus txheej txheem ntawm kev faus, tsis cov kev ua ntawm lub caij los yog post-mortem hav zoov ntawm tus ntsuj plig, cov neeg pleev nws tus kheej ib tug ua kom tiav neeg uas xav tau qhov tseeb.

tsis to taub nyob rau hauv Paris, yog vim li cas tawm ntawm qhov dog dig pam tuag tsim xws li ib tug monumental daim duab, yog li txawm nrog ib tug planar muaj pes tsawg leeg. Thaum lub ntiaj teb Fair nyob rau hauv 1855 nws tsis noj, tab sis cov neeg mloog xaiv kaum ib tej hauj lwm ntawm Courbet rau nws. Tab sis tsis txhob muab ib daim duab ntawm lub exhibition "Atelier", nyob rau hauv uas Courbet qhia nws artistic hauv paus ntsiab lus. Ces tag nrho cov perturbation artist npaj nws tus kheej exhibition, uas muaj 40 canvases. Nws publishes "Lub manifesto ntawm realism," thiab nws raws li ib tug maitre abut tag nrho cov uas tshaj tawm txoj xov realism nyob rau hauv painting. Qhov no ua rau ib tug scandal nyob rau hauv zej zog.

"Cov nplej sifters" (1854)

Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias qhov no nyiag ua rau Courbet, displaying hnyav neeg pluag zog, nws ob tug viv ncaus thiab ib tug phooj ywg ntawm tus me nyuam. Tus zaj duab xis tau txais ib tug zoo siab lub suab vim lub golden xim thiab kaj-liab tiab hluas nkauj sawv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab tam sim ntawd attracts xim. Ryzhenkaja ntxim hlub miv pw nyob ze dormant poj niam nyob rau hauv grey, animating cua thiab tsis loj tseem ceeb. Nws yog tsis meej vim li cas kaw qhov rooj pleev xim rau hauv siab-siab, uas yog nyob ze ntawm lub me nyuam tub.

"Pergola" (1862)

Qhov no qhia tau hais tias daim duab lwm Courbet, tau txaus siab rau kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov poj niam, muab piv nws nrog lush flowering toj Roses nyob rau hauv pergola. Meej meej nyob rau hauv lub Golden seem kab kis pes tsawg leeg seem, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm uas yog dawb, txiv kab ntxwv thiab liab paj. Elegant silhouette ntawm ib tug ntxhais sawv nyob rau hauv profile ob txhais tes mus rau lub heev sab saum toj ntawm daim phiaj. Translucent dawb cov tes tsho thiab dawb dab tshos harmonize nrog nyob ib sab xim thiab hnav ris tsho nyob rau hauv suab nrov coincides nrog ntxoov ntxoo nyob rau hauv nws caj npab thiab tsaus nplooj nyob rau sab laug sab ntawm lub duab. Ntawm no Courbet qhia nws tus kheej raws li ib tug yuav luag tsis paub Colorist.

"Keeb kwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb" (1866)

Kuv tsis xav mus nyob rau hauv no ua hauj lwm. Nws yog ib yam nkaus thiab tsis kaj siab rau tus neeg nrog ib tug noj qab nyob zoo psyche, tsis yog nquag voyeurism rau tus txiv neej nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau intimate moments ntawm nws lub neej. Cov painting depicts lub npog tas ib ce ntawm tus poj niam tsis muaj ib tug lub ntsej muag. Ua ntej cov neeg tuaj saib close-up qhia tau hais tias ib tug qhib chaw mos tsis paub hais tias. Ntawm no yog ib tug ntawm cov kev soj ntsuam ntawm kwv yees li qauv rau paintings "Keeb kwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb" (Gyustav Kurbe), uas yog sawv cev los ntawm ib tug yees duab ntawm no. Qhov no daim duab Library tsuas ib tug voyeur neeg uas tau txais kev txaus siab thaum nws pom lub genitals ntawm lwm tus txiv neej pw ntawm tib neeg thiab tsis muaj dab tsi ntau. Healthy neeg yog tsis yuav tsum tau, thiab xav txog qhov no ua hauj lwm yog tsis txaus. Koj cia li xav mus sai sai tsis nco qab lub zoo xws li khoom.

Thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm, Courbet tsim ib tug ntau ntawm cov erotic paintings, cov uas yog tshwj xeeb frankness "Sleepers." Qhov no naturalism yog lub txim ntawm lub vajvoog raws li tus txiv neej nyob rau hauv txoj kev, thiab cov neeg uas muaj npe. Tab sis nws tseem yog ib tug ardent supporter ntawm Proudhon, uas nws portrait nws pleev xim rau.

"Wave" (1870)

Qhov no toj roob hauv pes yog ib tug masterpiece los ntawm Courbet. Ntaub yuav luag ib nrab muab rau lub ntuj thiab lub hiav txwv. Huab nruj nreem kaw saum ntuj ceeb tsheej. Lawv xim shimmer los ntawm grayish-ntsuab mus rau liab doog-liab thiab stunning nyob rau hauv nws cov kev zoo nkauj. tsis muaj xim kuj plays tag nrho cov tones ntawm ntsuab, tsim ib tug ntau yam ntawm sib sib zog nqus xim los. Nws txig qhia lub hwj chim ntawm tej yam ntuj tso rog. Cov artist twb yuav los ntawm lub npe thiab sau ib tug series ntawm tej hauj lwm, uas qhia tau hais tias cov sib txawv ntawm cov Etretat thiab nws ceev ceev nyob tsis tswm hiav txwv.

Nyob rau hauv 1871, lub co politicized artist yuav siv sij hawm ib tug active ib feem nyob rau hauv cov kev ua ntawm lub Paris Commune. Tom qab lub uprising nws twb them overthrow Vandom kem. Tom qab ntawd Courbet yog nyob rau hauv tsev lojcuj, thiab nws twb raug txim mus rau them enormous nplua. Nws khiav mus Switzerland, kawm qhov twg nws tuag nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov neeg txom nyem.

Nws ua rau ib tug heev mixed cov tshuaj tiv thaiv raws li ib tug txiv neej thiab artist Gyustav Kurbe, uas nws ua hauj lwm thiab tam sim no tsis tawm ab tsi neeg. Qhov no qhia undoubted txuj ci thiab muaj zog cwm pwm ntawm no cov neeg pleev kob.