Lub teb lub zog: qhov xwm thiab lub ntsiab yam ntxwv

Cov hluav taws xob field, raws li ib lub tsev lub cev lub tswv yim, yog tsis muaj dab tsi tab sis ib tug tshwj xeeb zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas nruab nrab tshwm sim nyob ib ncig ntawm lub them lub cev thiab rau lub koom haum ntawm lub sis ntawm xws lub cev nrog ib tug tej finite tus nqi thiab nruj me ntsis qhov chaw luag.

Nws tau ntev tau muaj pov thawj hais tias ib tug hluav taws xob field yuav tshwm sim ob leeg nyob rau chaw thiab nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv tsa suab ntawm tel. Lub ntsiab kos npe rau ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm no hom ntawm cov teeb meem yog nws cov cawv nyob rau hauv lub electric nqi.

Ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab ntau yam ntxwv ntawm cov hluav taws xob field yog lub tswvyim "teb lub zog". Nyob rau hauv hais txog zauv cov nqe lus, qhov no lub sij hawm txhais tau tias tus piv ntawm kev quab yuam uas ua rau ib tug xeem xwb ncaj qha mus rau yamntxwv no xwb.

E = F / q PR.

Qhov tseeb hais tias tus nqi ntawm cov kev mus sib hais txhais tau tias nws tsis muaj ib feem nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm daim teb no yuav tsis tau txais, thiab nws cov nuj nqis yog li ntawd me me hais tias nws tsis ua rau tej distortion ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Lub teb siv ntsuas nyob rau hauv V / m, uas yog conventionally sib npaug zos rau H / C.

Lub npe nrov English soj ntsuam Michael Faraday nkag tau rau hauv scientific method ntawm cov duab uas sawv cev ntawm hluav taws xob field. Raws li nws, qhov no tshwj xeeb zoo ntawm qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv daim duab yuav tsum tau sawv cev nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tas mus li kab. Lawv tom qab ua lub npe hu ua "hluav taws xob field kab," thiab lawv cov kev coj, raws li cov yooj yim kev cai lij choj, nws coincides nrog cov kev taw qhia ntawm nro.

Fais fab kab yuav tsum tau mus qhia tej zoo cov yam ntxwv ntawm nro li tus ceev los yog ceev. Cov kev ceev ntawm kev siv ntawm cov kab nyob rau ntawm tus xov tooj ib chav tsev cheeb tsam. Tsim los ntawm hwj chim kav qauv los mus txiav txim lub quantitative kev qhia txog lub teb lub dag lub zog ntawm ib co ntawm nws qhov chaw, thiab kawm tau li cas nws yog hloov.

Interestingly txaus lub zog ntawm cov hluav taws xob field of dielectric. Raws li yog lub npe hu, dielectrics - ib tug teeb meem nyob rau hauv uas muaj yog suab tsis muaj free them hais, yog li ntawd, raws li ib tug tsim nyog tau, lawv yuav tsis muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm kev hluav taws xob tam sim no. Tej yam yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi feem ntau tag nrho cov gases, ceramics, iav, distilled dej, mica, etc.

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav txiav txim seb lub teb lub dag lub zog nyob rau hauv lub dielectric, nws yuav tsum kis tau los ntawm cov hluav taws xob field. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim hais txog cov nqi nyob rau hauv lub dielectric pib ua hauj lwm ceev, Txawm li cas los, kom tso cov kev txwv ntawm lawv molecules, lawv tsis tau. Orientation tsis ncaj ncees implies hais tias cov zoo them txav nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov hluav taws xob field, thiab tsis zoo them - tiv thaiv. Raws li ib tug ntawm cov manipulations hauv lub dielectric, ib tug tshiab fais teb, uas yog kev coj rov qab ntawm lub nraum zoov. Qhov no nrog teb ho thiaj li sab nraud, yog li ntawd lub nro ntawm lub xeem rau.

Lub teb lub zog yog nws tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntau yam ntxwv uas yog ncaj qha kev faib ua feem rau tus quab yuam uas no xyov hom ntawm qhov teeb meem ua rau lwm tus hluav taws xob xwb. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias qhov no tus nqi yuav tsis tau pom nrog rau cov kev pab los ntawm lub hwj chim nro cov kab ntawm daim duab, koj yuav tau txais ib lub tswv yim ntawm nws ceev thiab orientation rau hauv qhov chaw.