Lub ntsiab ntawm lub kws sau paj lug thiab paj huam nyob rau hauv lub lyrics ntawm Pushkin (luv luv)

Rau tswv yim teeb meem ntau nto moo sau ntawv nkag. Lub ntsiab ntawm lub kws sau paj lug thiab paj huam nyob rau hauv lub lyrics ntawm Pushkin, piv txwv li, yuav siv sij hawm ib tug es loj qhov chaw. Rau nws lub luag hauj lwm tshwj xeeb, siab lub hom phiaj, nws hais tias, nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm nws cov kwv huam. Ntawm no yog ib co ntawm lawv: "Txoj kev ywj pheej ntawm lub tseb suab puam" (sau nyob rau hauv 1823), "Tus Yaj Saub" (1826), "Cov Poet" (1827), "ncha" (1831), "Monument" (nyob rau hauv 1836).

Dab tsi yog meant los ntawm cov paj huam ntawm Pushkin?

Paj Huam - yog ib tug luag hauj lwm thiab ua hauj lwm, raws li Alexander. Cov kws sau paj lug yog txawv los ntawm tus neeg zoo tib hais tias nws twb muab tau hnov, pom, nkag siab dab tsi koj tsis hnov, tsis pom thiab tsis to taub cov txiv neej. Sau nws qhov khoom pub muaj feem xyuam rau nws tus ntsuj plig, vim hais tias nws yog muaj peev xwm "sear" tus neeg lub siab. Tab sis poetic txuj ci - nws tsis yog cia li ib tug khoom plig, tab sis kuj yog ib tug zoo luag hauj lwm thiab ib lub nra hnyav. Vim hais tias lub ntsiab ntawm lub kws sau paj lug thiab paj huam nyob rau hauv lub lyrics ntawm Pushkin tsim nyog tshwj xeeb mloog.

Cawv ntawm cov paj huam rau cov neeg

Nws cawv rau cov neeg yog heev loj, ces tus kws sau paj lug yuav tsum yog ib tug qauv ntawm pej xeem tus cwj pwm, sib ntaus sib tua kev tsis ncaj ncees thiab qhia nyob ruaj khov kho nyob rau hauv no nyuaj siab. Nws yuav tsum los ua ib tug kws txiav txim plaub xav tau tsis tsuas nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau lwm tus neeg, tab sis saum toj no tag nrho rau nws tus kheej. Txoj paj huam, raws li Pushkin, yuav tsum tau lub neej-lees, tib neeg, yuav nyuaj rau cov tib neeg thiab siab zoo. Nyob rau hauv lub saum toj no verses ntawm Pushkin lub kws sau paj lug hais txog lub nyuaj sib raug zoo nrog cov neeg thiab lub hwj chim uas muaj tswv yim txoj kev ywj pheej.

"Tus Yaj Saub"

Nyob rau hauv high school, peb tau sib tham txog nyob rau hauv kom meej lub npe ntawm tus kws sau paj lug thiab paj huam nyob rau hauv lub lyrics ntawm Pushkin. Zaj Lus Qhia 9 tas chav kawm nplooj siab no paj huam. Yaj Saub - nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm Alexander, lub zoo meej daim duab ntawm lub kws sau paj lug nyob rau hauv nws siab tshaj plaws txoj hauj lwm thiab essence. Qhov no paj huam yog tsim nyob rau hauv 1826 - lub zog lub sij hawm rau cov kws sau paj lug lub sab ntsuj plig ntsoog, uas tau tshwm sim los ntawm cov xov xwm ntawm lub tua ntawm lub Decembrists. Nyob rau hauv no ua hauj lwm lub npe yog them nyob rau hauv kom meej lub kws sau paj lug thiab paj huam nyob rau hauv lub lyrics ntawm Pushkin.

Alexander hais txog rau hauv phau ntawv ntawm tus yaj saub Yaxayas. Nws kuj yog nyob rau hauv tag kev cia siab, saib lub ntiaj teb no, pom tias nws twb steeped nyob rau hauv lwm thiab tsis ncaj ncees. Rau qhov muaj tseeb tiag creator ntawm txhua hnub cov ntsiab lus, sau tus lub siab lub ntsws thiab minds ntawm cov neeg yuav tsum tau somber suab puam ... Nws yog nrhiav sab ntsuj plig siab thiab cog lus rau nws. Tsis muaj dab tsi lwm tus los ntawm nws, thiab yog tsis yuav tsum tau, raws li yog cov neeg uas tshaib thiab nqhis dej yuav yeej yuav txaus siab rau.

Poet-yaj saub nkag mus hauv lub neej ntawm lub qis thiab siab dua xwm, hnov thiab xav tag nrho cov uas yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, los ntawm cov sib ntaus ntawm cov tubtxib saum ntuj tau tsiv mus nyob cov tsiaj reptiles, los ntawm lub ntuj ceeb tsheej mus txoj kev sib hloov ntawm lub ntiaj teb vegetating nroj tsuag. Leej twg pom los saib tag nrho cov kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, lub mob lawm chim heev kev muaj tiag nyob rau hauv uas cov neeg nyob. Thiab nws yuav tsum thiab yuav sib ntaus sib tua nws. Riam phom thiab qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub kws sau paj lug - lo lus ntawm qhov tseeb. Tab sis nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim rau nws tsis mus yazvilo, namely lub burning ntawm lub plawv, koj yuav tsum sting txhab twb taws qhov hluav taws kub ntawm txoj kev hlub. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub duab ntawm rau-winged Seraphim nyob rau hauv phau Vajlugkub, nws yog muab tshem tawm thiab tus kawg kev txiav txim ntawm ib tug tub txib ntawm Vajtswv:

"Thiab UHL, blazing hluav taws kub,
Nyob rau hauv lub hauv siab qhov vodvinul ".

Nws yog rau hauv phau Vajlugkub thiab cov laus ntawm no paj huam, lub sublime thiab majestic, imperturbable. Tsis muaj tus txheeb ze tej lus, subordinate clauses thiab cov zajlus kom cov tsev koom nyiaj nyob rau hauv cov kev cai ntawm ib tug union - "thiab" (nws hais dua nees nkaum lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv peb caug verses), raws li Mr. Solovyov, los ze zog mus rau lub biblical lus ntawm Pushkin.

Cov "yaj saub" lyrical hero ntawm cov paj huam tsis xav tias dawb huv nrog tej kev phem yuav mus nyob rau hauv zej zog, tab sis nws tsis yog tsis muaj ab tsi rau dab tsi tshwm sim nyob ib ncig ntawm, tab sis yog, thiab yuav hloov tsis tau dab tsi.

"Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm kev lom zem ..."

Kev saib xyuas ntawm ib tug ua hauj lwm tsis yog tas rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov kws sau paj lug thiab paj huam nyob rau hauv lub lyrics ntawm Pushkin. Paj Huam nplooj siab rau nws ntau heev heev. Yog li ntawd, ib co ntawm cov yam ntxwv, lub suab ntawm "Tus Yaj Saub" yuav muaj nyob rau hauv lub tom qab creation ntawm Alexander "Lub sij hawm ntawm kev lom zem ...". Nws sau nyob rau hauv thaum xyoo 1830. Lub ntsiab ntawm lub kws sau paj lug thiab paj huam nyob rau hauv lub lyrics ntawm Pushkin lub suab nyob ntawm no ib me ntsis txawv. Nyob rau hauv nws tus neeg sau txoj sab ntsuj plig transformation echoes lub transformation ntawm tus yaj saub, lub cev thiab kev ncaj ncees, uas yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw tom qab nws disgrace nyob rau hauv lub crucible ntawm tib neeg kev txom nyem.

Tag nrho lub neej Pushkin yog ib tug meej hais txog hais tias nws xav no yeej muaj tseeb. Nws freestyle, paj huam bold tawm tsam tiv thaiv kev ua cev qhev kev tsim txom ntawm cov neeg, hu ua sib txeeb ua lub liberation ntawm cov neeg. Nws txhawb lub hwj chim ntawm tus ntsuj plig ntawm exiled Decembrists Pushkin cov phooj ywg, coj lawv fortitude thiab siab tawv.

"Arion"

Heev ntau yam ntsiab lus ntawm cov kws sau paj lug thiab paj huam nyob rau hauv lub lyrics ntawm Pushkin. Piav mentsis txog tus nram qab no paj huam - "Arion", tsim nyob rau hauv 1827. Nws hais txog qhov yuav tsum tau rau siab tawv thiab fortitude. Paj Huam allegorically recreates tragic txheej xwm ntawm lub Decembrist uprising nyob rau hauv 1825.

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias "Swimmers Decembrists" raug tua, tus singer Arion tseem ncaj ncees rau lub noble lub hom phiaj, txuas ntxiv mus tshaj tawm txoj ideals ntawm kev ncaj ncees thiab kev ywj pheej. Nws hais tias: "Kuv hu nkauj zaj nkauj qhuas qub."

Nyob rau hauv tom qab cov kwv huam ntawm Alexander pib suab reflections rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm tib neeg lub neej, nws impermanence, transience, muaj ib tug kev paub ua ntej ntawm muaj xwm ceev cov kws sau paj lug tuag. Thaum lub sij hawm no, Pushkin raws li nws sums rau hauv tswv yim ua si, ua kom objectively soj ntsuam tus nqi ntawm lawv cov cuab yeej cuab tam.

"Monument"

Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los, lub neej thiab hauj lwm tseem mus sound lub ntsiab ntawm lub kws sau paj lug thiab paj huam nyob rau hauv lub lyrics ntawm Pushkin. Kwv huam nplooj siab rau nws yeej ib txwm txawv lub sublime style. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1836, sau nyob rau hauv cov paj huam "Monument" lub kws sau paj lug puv mus rau lub ancient cuab yeej cuab tam, vim hais tias qhov no ua hauj lwm yog ib tug xoob txhais cov lus hauv Odes ntawm Horace ib. Pushkin qhia nws cog qoob loo hais tias nws yuav nyob twj ywm ciaj sia nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cim xeeb. Qhov no yuav qhia nws txoj cai los ua ib tug "miraculous" monument, uas nws ua nws tus kheej, vim hais tias nws yog yeej ib txwm tus yaj saub, lub suab ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab neeg.

Nyob rau hauv no zaj paj huam Pushkin succinctly thiab kom meej meej hais tias txog lub hom phiaj thiab lub ntsiab lus ntawm nws cov paj huam, pom lub ntsiab muaj nqis ntawm nws tus cwj pwm hais tias raws li ib tug kws sau paj lug-yaj saub, nws aroused txoj kev khuv leej, siab zoo, muaj lub siab xav rau kev ncaj ncees thiab kev ywj pheej nyob rau hauv lwm tus neeg. Los mus rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog Pushkin lub paj huam, peb pib xav tias ib tug muaj lub siab xav ua purer, zoo kawm saib kev sib raug zoo thiab kev zoo nkauj nyob ib ncig ntawm. Yog li ntawd, cov paj huam yeej yuav txia ua lub ntiaj teb no.

Qhov xaus ntawm lub paj huam - ib tug ib txwm invocation, uas yuav tsum mloog Vajtswv cov lus txib, uas yog lub suab ntawm qhov tseeb, thiab, uas raug nqi ntau lub tswv yim ntawm cov "ruam ruam", ua raws li lub hom phiaj.

Aleksandrom Sergeevichem nyob rau hauv ntau cov kwv huam tsa lub npe ntawm kev nyob ib leeg ntawm tus poj poet ntawm cov tsis muaj ab tsi pawg neeg. Ib tug piv txwv ntawm no - cov paj huam "Lub Poet." Pushkin hu nyob twj ywm khov kho, nyob ntsiag to thiab sullen nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm cov neeg coob coob thiab lub tsev hais plaub neeg ruam.

"Sib tham nrog cov muag ntawv kws sau paj lug"

Nyob rau hauv lwm ua hauj lwm, "sib tham nrog tus kws sau paj lug muag ntawv" (1824), pom ib tug zoo li tsis txaus siab, tus sau qhia rau lub yeeb koob.

Nyob rau ib lub sij hawm thaum nws twb sau tau qhov paj huam, Farewell rau lub kws sau paj lug ntawm Romanticism, nws txoj kev hloov mus rau qhov hnyav realism. Nws twb sau rau ntawm ib tug tam sim no thaum lub sij hawm qhov kev kawm ntawv kos duab raws li ib tug txoj kev mus khwv ib tug nyob raws li ib tug profession. Cov lus nug no nyuaj tus sau, vim hais tias nws yog ib tug ntawm cov thawj nyob rau hauv nws lub txawj khwv nyiaj.

Ntawm no nrog atypical taw tes ntawm view tseem ceeb rau hauv lub ntsiab ntawm lub kws sau paj lug thiab paj huam nyob rau hauv lub lyrics ntawm Pushkin. Ntsiab lus paj huam nram qab no. Nws hais txog ib tug duel kws sau paj lug thiab muag ntawv, romance thiab pragmatism. Cov kev sib tham nruab nrab ntawm ob cim yog pom zoo rau "cov paj huam" thiab "prose" nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub romantic, "tsa" tswv yim thiab "prosaic" sober xaav ntawm lub neej. Nws xaus nrog lub yeej ntawm lub muag ntawv. Yog li ntawd, kev hloov mus rau cov kev sib pauv lus thiab poetic prose nws yog hloov.

"Los ntawm Pindemonti"

Kuv tsis xav hais tias Pushkin xam tau tias yog lawv tus kheej superior rau lwm tus neeg, thaum nws hais txog "neeg ruam" thiab "ignoramuses." Nws tsuas nyuab siab tias nws muaj kev ywj pheej ntawm kev txiav txim, nws muaj cai mus txog qhov twg nws ua rau yus "free siab". Ntawm no Alexander hais lus kom meej meej. Nyob rau hauv cov paj huam "Los ntawm Pindemonti", sau nyob rau hauv 1836, hais tias yuav tsum tau free - yog li ntawd tsis tsis tau paub ib yam ntawm cov kev sib raug pawg neeg uas tsis koom nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo unrest, tsis yog nyob rau tus huab tais.

Muse Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina bravely thiab rau siab ntso ua hauj lwm pab tus zoo nkauj, txoj kev ywj pheej, kev ncaj ncees, siab zoo. Yog tsis yog hais tias lub luag hauj lwm thiab lub essence ntawm yeej muaj tseeb paj huam?

Thaum lub tsev kawm ntawv, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov kws sau paj lug kawm nyob rau hauv ib co kev nthuav dav thiab nyob rau hauv lub lyric paj huam ntawm Pushkin (Qib 10). Yog xav paub ntxiv koj yuav xa mus rau tej phau ntawv nyeem nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv.