TsimScience

Lub neej voj voog ntawm hlwb - lub sij hawm ntawm nws yug rau ib tug neeg sab nraud division los yog tuag

Lub neej voj voog ntawm hlwb - lub sij hawm ntawm lub elementary tsev ntawm lub nyob ntawm nws inception rau nws tus kheej kev faib sib cais los yog kev tuag. Nws muaj xws li tag nrho cov natural kev hloov uas yauv organelles nqa tawm nws zog.

Nyob ntawm seb nws lub koom haum thiab specialization txheem cell voj voog yuav kav 30 feeb thiab 3 hnub. Piv txwv li, thaum crushing lub hlwb nyob rau hauv echinoderms lub neej voj voog yog 30 feeb, thiab hnyuv epidermis nyob rau hauv tib neeg - los ntawm 12 teev. Tseem muaj cov neeg yooj yim units ntawm nyob, uas yog tsis muab faib, piv txwv li, tsis txhob muaj me tub, lawv ua tau zoo lawv npaj muaj nuj nqi thiab tuag - .. Xws li paj, striated nqaij fibers. Self cell lub neej voj voog yuav tsum tau muab faib mus rau hauv ob lub sij hawm: interphase, los yog lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob thiab mitosis - lub sij hawm faib. Interphase muaj xws li, ntsig txog, ib tug xov tooj ntawm theem:

  1. G1 (postmitotic) - thawj zaug txoj kev loj hlob theem. Rau ntawm no theem, lub rooj sib txoos ntawm cov mRNA, cov nqaijrog thiab lwm yam cell Cheebtsam.
  2. S (hluavtaws) - tshwm sim DNA replication, uas ua rau yus mus rau ib tug doubling ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic khoom. Qhov kawg ntawm theem ob ntawm tib daim ntawv DNA ob helix. Txhua lub strands ntawm deoxyribonucleic acid muaj ib tug kauv laus, thiab lub thib ob - ib tug tshiab ib tug, uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm complementarity.
  3. G2 (premitotic) - yog tus kho cov txheej txheem, uas muaj xws li kev kho ntawm uas tsis ua thaum lub sij hawm DNA synthesis nyob rau hauv lub yav dhau los theem. Noog cov as-ham, lub zog, tseem coj los ua ke cov nqaijrog thiab RNA.

Lub caij tseem ceeb yog cov tu tub tu kiv mitotic voj voog ntawm cell proliferative los yog uas pib ncaj qha tom qab G2. Nws yog ib tug txheej ntawm dab uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub elementary ntxwv chav tsev ntawm nyob los ntawm ib tug faib mus rau lwm yam kawg thiab tsim ib tug tshiab tiam ntawm chaw hauj lwm hlwb. Mitosis yog lub ntsiab hom Somatic division (tsis koom nyob rau hauv kev sib deev tu tub tu kiv) ntawm elementary units ntawm nuclear kab mob.

Lub neej voj voog ntawm lub hlwb tseem ceeb rau hauv lub cev, kev muab cov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm tus xov tooj thiab kev zoo ntawm chromosomes yam ntxwv ntawm txhua tus tsiaj (karyotype), li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tag nrho cov division sij hawm tau dhau mus lawm yam tsis muaj kev thab plaub. Mitosis yog muaj li ntawm 4 sib law liag theem:

  1. Prophase. Thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm, lub cell division tshwm sim thiab lub sib xws ntawm cov tug centrioles, uas sib thooj, los ntawm ib tug ntxaiv division. By kawg ntawm lub sij hawm no nucleoli tawg ua me me chromosome nyeem tas thiab zog, i.e. yog lawv hws.
  2. Metaphase. Nucleoprotein qauv raws raws qhov ncaj hlwb tsim metaphase phaj. Los ntawm cov thawj constriction ntawm lub chromosomes. Ces, txhua yam uas lawv yog muab faib ua ob chromatids.
  3. Anaphase. Nyob rau hauv no theem obrazovashiesya ntxhais chromosomes tsiv mus nyob rau txawv tug, qhov chaw uas lawv yog ca tawm thiab so.
  4. Telophase. Rov qab lub nucleolus thiab cov tub ntxhais division ntawm cytoplasm tshwm sim.

Yog li, lub cell voj voog - lub sij hawm ntawm lub neej los yug rau lub elementary tsev ntawm txoj kev tuag ntawm lub neej.

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