Lub hom phiaj ntawm official haiv neeg

Nyob rau hauv Russia txij thaum lub reign ntawm Peter Thawj txiav txim voj voog pom tau hais tias qhov yuav tsum tau los tsim koj tus kheej cov chav kawm ntawv ntawm kev kawm neeg. Txawm li cas los, cov teeb meem no yog heev contradictory. Qhov tseeb hais tias Russia muaj "educated neeg" los ua tus feem ntau "podryvatelyami" qhia - cov tw ntawm absolutism. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, tom qab Nicholas kuv es tsis meej xwm cwj pwm mus rau kev kawm ntawv. Tom qab tag nrho, cov lus nug ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Russia twb zoo txuas nrog lwm lo lus nug tseem ceeb tshaj - khaws cia uas twb muaj lawm system.

Ideologist ntawm lub "tiv thaiv" conservative domestic txoj cai kev taw qhia yog Uvarov (Minister of Education). Nws xam tau tias yog ib feem los mus taw qhia tej ntsiab cai uas tshwm sim tawm lub txawv nta ntawm Russia, yuav tsuas mus rau nws. Nws yog nws leej twg nyob rau hauv 1832 formulated lub zoo-paub triad ntawm "lub teb chaws, Autocracy, Orthodoxy." Qhov no triad los ua lub hauv paus. Nws twb raws li nyob rau hauv cov kev tshawb xav ntawm official haiv neeg Uvarova.

Muab qhov siv txawv nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm kev loj hlob ntawm Russia thiab cov teb chaws Europe, tus Minister of Education teem tawm mus ua ke lub tsim ntawm kab lis kev cai thiab kev kawm ntawv thiab cov tswv yim ntawm cov yam tseem ceeb ntawm autocracy li ib daim ntawv ntawm nom tswv system txij ancient sij hawm xam qhovkev nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab xeev. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias Western European kev kawm ntawv muab ntxiv rau revolutionary kev tsis sib haum. Nyob rau hauv Russia, tus "kev txiav txim" dim, raws li tso siab rau obscure thiab tsis paub hais tias yuav pib ntawm cov teb chaws Europe. Lub hom phiaj ntawm official haiv neeg combines cov kev kawm tswv yim thiab xav txog cov union, yeem union ntawm cov neeg thiab cov sovereign. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws muab tsis muaj opposing kawm ntawv. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm tus neeg sau ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm official haiv neeg pom tau hais tias autocracy li tsuas tau daim ntawv ntawm tsoom fwv nyob rau hauv Russia. Nyob rau hauv Orthodoxy meant tsuas xam qhovkev rau lub Lavxias teb sab neeg heev sib sib zog nqus religiosity. Nyob rau hauv raws li ib xyoo pua ntawm kev, lub hom phiaj ntawm official haiv neeg khav tias lub monarchy yog tus tsuas yog daim ntawv no, ua rau kom lub txij nkawm ntawm lub hav zoov ntawm Eastern cov ntseeg Vajtswv, uas, nyob rau hauv lem, yog tsom qhia lub internal ncaj ncees thiab kev cai dab qhuas txoj hauj lwm ntawm tsoom fwv.

Facilitates cov hauj lwm ntawm kev tswj cov uas twb muaj lawm system nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, Uvarov muab tso rau pem nws lub tswvyim. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv thiab kev kawm, uas tsis tsuas yog yuav tsis ua mob rau pej xeem system, tab sis yuav nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau txhim khu kev qha cov kev txhawb zog rau autocracy. Nws tseem raug nyob tsuas los txiav txim rau lo lus nug ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm xav kawm ntawv. Txawm li cas los, tus Minister of Education yuav tsis tsis ntseeg hais tias txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshiab disciplines nyob rau hauv Russia tsis invoking lub tswv yim uas niaj hnub European science yog tsis tau. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias kom txog rau thaum uas lub sij hawm cov me nyuam yaus nyob rau hauv uas yog raws li lub hom phiaj ntawm official nationalism, manifested nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev nthawv. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub tswvyim ntawm tus minister teem nws tus kheej ua hauj lwm ntawm subordinating lub tag nrho qhov system "haiv neeg Lavxias teb sab" enlightenment. Yog li, kev kawm ntawv, txoj kev thiab tsim cov kev tsim tswvyim ntawm lub moj khaum, yuav tsis undermine lub uas twb muaj lawm thiaj.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm official haiv neeg pom tau hais tias serfdom raws li ib tug boon rau lub xeev thiab cov neeg. Qhov no system nrog rau koj tus kheej nyob tos ntawm ib tug neeg los ntawm lwm tus, superior cuav raws li tsim nyog cov neeg pluag masses. Kev txiav txim thiab kev qhuab qhia, kev hlub rau tus huab tais, civil kev mloog lus, kev mloog lus rau txoj cai ntawm tsoom fwv yog suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tib neeg zoo. Yog li, nyob rau hauv cov kev tshawb xav ntawm official haiv neeg yuav tsis tau zoo qhia tus plig ntawm cov muaj hnub nyoog yog ntawm Nicholas.