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Lub abolition ntawm serfdom: luv luv txog cov ua rau thiab txim

Lub abolition ntawm serfdom, luv luv txog yog vim li cas, preconditions thiab txim uas yuav tau los sib tham li hauv qab no, yog tus zoo losis phem uas tau muab faib rau cov neeg lub neej thiab keeb kwm ntawm peb lub teb chaws mus rau hauv ob qhov chaw: ua ntej thiab tom qab. Nyob rau hauv cov kev phem ntawm tej mas thiab tseem ceeb transformation, Alexander lub Liberator yuav tsis xyuas kom meej qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lawv lub neej. Tab sis tseem, dab tsi sim hawm caij nyoog kom nws coj xws li ib tug kauj ruam?

Lub abolition ntawm serfdom: luv luv rau cov ua rau thiab preconditions

Yog li ntawd, raws li koj paub, lub Emperor Alexander II tuaj mus rau lub rooj huas tias thaum lub sij hawm ib tug ntawm cov kev tsov kev rog, uas pom tias lub teb chaws yuav tsum tau ib tug kho dua. Qhov no yog thawj yog vim li cas - cov Crimean ua tsov ua rog, los yog es nws tshwm sim. Los ntawm txoj kev, cov kev txawj ntse uas Russia yuav tsum tau niaj hnub kho, kuj yog ib qho ntawm cov kev tshwm sim ntawm lub sij hawm no. Secondly, nws tej zaum yuav tau muab sau tseg thiab cov teebmeem ntawm lub feudal system nyob rau hauv lub zej zog ua ke nrog lub ntxiv economic qaug ntawm. Peb, nyob rau hauv lub xeev nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm prevailed , kev tensions, uas yuav tsis tau lub hauv paus rau ntxiv transformation. Yog li, yog vim li cas rau lub abolition ntawm serfdom (luv luv sau lawv) dag rau ntawm qhov chaw thiab yuav tsis mus unnoticed. Qhov no qhia tias cov kho kom zoo tau ntev tau brewing. Raws li deb raws li ntxiv yam tseem ceeb uas lawv muaj xws li kev backwardness thiab underdevelopment ntawm ua lag luam, ntau heavy kev lag luam, raws li tau zoo raws li heev tsis tshua muaj productivity.

Lub abolition ntawm serfdom: luv luv rau cov kev kawm tau ntawm kho

Mus nqa tawm xws li ib tug radical hloov nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov haiv neeg ntawd tsis yooj yim, tab sis Alexander II txiav txim siab coj cov kauj ruam no. Yuav kom qhov no kawg, nyob rau hauv 1858 nws kom los tsim ib tug pawg neeg (lub ntsiab hauv zos thiab nyob rau hauv lub xeev), uas yuav hais txog tag nrho cov tau xaiv rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub tswv yim no. Tom qab tag nrho cov teeb meem tau analyzed, ib xyoos tom qab raws li Tshwj xeeb Commission, uas yog editing lwm qhov teeb meem no thiab laij cov kev txaus ntshai. Tom ntej no, nyob rau lub tswv yim ntawm cov kho kom zoo, lub xeev Council raws li nyob rau hauv no transformation, uas muab nws tso cai rau lub ce. Thiab, raws li koj paub, on 19 Lub ob hlis ntuj hauv tib lub xyoo los tus naas ej manifesto, proclaiming Lavxias teb sab neeg tam sim no free.

Lub abolition ntawm serfdom: luv luv txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no ua los ntawm kev mas Alexander II muaj cov nram qab no kev cai:

  • Tsim loj ua lag luam ntawm txoj hauj lwm.
  • ib tug loj kauj ruam ntawm lub creation ntawm ib tug pej xeem haiv neeg nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej lawm.
  • Economic underdevelopment thiab ruamqauj twb yog cov tshem tawm.
  • Nws pib kom kov yeej lub caste inequality.

Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm uas muaj negative cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no. Piv txwv li, lub neeg pluag av kev tshaib kev nqhis, uas ua nyob rau hauv siab se, nce kev tensions vim hais tias ntawm dissatisfaction nrog lub tswv av, tswv teb puas siab puas ntsws unpreparedness rau txoj kev ywj pheej.

Yog li, lub abolition ntawm serfdom nyob rau hauv 1861, luv luv uas piav saum toj no, thawj kauj ruam nyob rau hauv ib tug loj thiab ntev staircase ntawm tus poj kho ntawm Alexander lub Liberator, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb nws muab cov neeg txoj kev ywj pheej thiab txoj cai.

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