Ivan Semenovich Kozlovsky, ib tug singer: biography, creativity

Ivan Semenovich Kozlovsky - ib tug singer, muaj striking lub suab, ib tug neeg-era mischief, ib lub teb chaws cov khoom muaj nqis. Nws lub neej - nws tsis yog ib tug qauv ntawm cov kev pab rau nws tej txuj ci, tab sis kuj yog ib tug piv txwv ntawm kev kawm rau nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws cov fullness, nrog Library. Txawm li cas los, nws cov keeb kwm - nws tsis yog ib qho nyob mus ib txhis nyiaj so koobtsheej, ntau yam thiab muaj kev nyuaj siab nws yuav tsum tau kev, tab sis nrog nws tau yeej ib txwm tau suab paj nruag, thiab nws yog bliss.

Childhood thiab Tsev Neeg

Lub peb hlis ntuj 24, 1900 nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg pluag tsev neeg nyob rau hauv lub zos Maryanovka Kiev xeev yug ib tug me nyuam tub Vanya. Tsis muaj dab tsi twb qhia tseg lawm ib tug zoo yav tom ntej tus me nyuam, tab sis txoj hmoo thiab zog ua hauj lwm tau pab nws nyob rau hauv lub neej mus cuag ntau dua heights. Lub taub hau ntawm tsev neeg muaj ib tug suab paj nruas khoom plig, uas nws muab rau nws tus tub. Phev Kozlovsky hu nkauj zoo nkauj thiab ua si hauv lub accordion, los ntawm nws raws li ib tug me nyuam, Ivan hnov pej xeem nkauj nyob rau hauv uas hlub rau lub neej. Niam singer ua npau suav hais tias nws loj hlob tuaj thiab tau los ua ib tug pov thawj, ces nws twb raug xa mus kawm ntawv nyob rau ntawm St. Michael lub Monastery. Lub sij hawm twb nyuaj, ib nrab-starved. Ib tug npis twb lig rau noj hmo, thiab cov me nyuam noj tag nrho cov mov tau txais kev pab rau tag nrho cov. Thaum cov pov thawj tuaj nyob rau hauv thiab xav cem cov me nyuam, Vanya hais tias kom nrov nrov: "Xya ntawm ib tug tsis xav kom." Tus npis sov, ntaus los ntawm xws li ingenuity thiab audacity, tsis rau txim rau tus tub hluas. Li ntawd, kuv pib mus rau manifest cov ua cim ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej nto moo singer, thiab nws muab khaws cia tseg thoob plaws nws lub neej thiab cov me nyuam yaus mischief.

Nrhiav vocations

Ivan Kozlovsky, uas nws biography los ntawm ib tug thaum ntxov muaj hnub nyoog yog txuam nrog suab paj nruag, heev thaum ntxov los ua paub txog nws tej txuj ci. Nyuam tub hluas nrog cov me nyuam yaus pom cov suab paj nruas txuj ci, nws muaj zoo meej suab thiab tej yam ntuj tso, zoo nkauj lub suab. Lub monastery Ivan hu nkauj nyob rau hauv lub hu nkauj ua ke, nyob qhov twg nws tau txais nws thawj tenure lub suab txawj. Tub ntxhais kawm ntawv hu nkauj nyob rau hauv lub St. Sophia Cathedral, nyob rau hauv cov coj ntawm ib tug txawj ntse tshuab raj J. Kalishevsky, uas tau los ua tus thawj xib fwb Kozlovsky. Tsev neeg los ntawm lub sij hawm no tau tsiv mus rau Kiev, nyob qhov twg lub neej yav tom ntej nto moo tenor hu nkauj nyob rau hauv lub hu nkauj ua ke, thiab txawm tus neeg lub tsev. Hmoo pab Kozlovsky tsis tau tsuas yog los qhia cov txuj ci, tab sis kuj yuav nrhiav tau ib tug siv rau nws. Twb tau nyob rau nws thaum ntxov xyoo nws ua ib tug nyob nrog nws lub suab, thaum xwb cov zaub mov thiab vaj tse nyob rau lub monastery, tab sis tau pom nws txoj hauj lwm, thiab tam sim no nws yog tsim nyog los npaj cov kev txawj. Ivan sai los ua ib tug soloist ntawm lub Kiev Academic Loj Pawg Hu Nkauj, qhia los ntawm cov composer A. Kosice. Hais tias nws tsis yog tsuas yog ua hauj lwm rau zus tau tej cov suab Kozlovsky, tab sis hais tias nws yuav tsum tau mus kawm.

kev kawm

Nyob rau hauv 1917, Ivan nkag mus rau hauv Music thiab Drama lub koom haum nyob rau hauv Kiev, cov suab department. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawv ntawm cov xibfwb E. A. Muravevoy, uas nteg lub lub hauv paus ntawm suab txheej txheem Kozlovsky. Tom qab, nws yog ntau xyoo los kho tau lawv cov kev kawm cov txheej txheem, tab sis cov me nyuam yaus tau tso ces. Lavxias teb sab tenor thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev tshawb no qha tau tsis tsuas yog tus undoubted txuj ci, tab sis kuj yog ib tug loj kev lag luam, Ivan hlub mus hu nkauj thiab yog kam mus koom nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv 1920 nws kawm tiav nrog rau honors los ntawm lub koom haum, tab sis es tsis txhob pib mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub profession, nws mus rau hauv cov tub rog.

Tus thawj hauj lwm theem

Muaj ib tug tsov rog, thiab Ivan Kozlovsky xa ib tug volunteer nyob rau hauv lub Red Army. Tab sis Soviet lub hwj chim twb tsim, hostilities yog tshaj nyob rau hauv Ukraine, thiab nyob rau hauv kev khiav hauj lwm rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub singer tsis raug nws. Nws twb raug xa mus rau ib tug phom loj lub tuam txhab nyob rau hauv Poltava, Ivan tso cai tub ceev xwm muab kev pab cuam nrog hu nkauj ua si. Thiab nws ua rau yus lub neej ntawm ib tug tub rog nyob rau hauv lub yav tav su thiab nyob rau hauv lub yav tsaus ntuj hu nkauj ntawm Poltava Music thiab Drama ua yeeb yam. Qhov no ua hauj lwm ntaub ntawv Kozlovsky li ib tug opera singer, nws tau hu zaj nkauj yuav luag tag nrho classical repertoire nyob rau hauv lub ua yeeb yam: "Eugene Onegin," "Faust," "La traviata", "Rigoletto", "Tej zaum Hmo ntuj". Rau plaub lub xyoos, tus tenor tau txais ib tug loj loj suab kev kawm txawj thiab yog npaj txhij rau kev sib tw tshiab. Nyob rau hauv 1924, nyob rau lub caw A. M. Pazovskogo los mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Kharkov Opera tsev, qhov chaw uas ib tug ci ntsa iab debut nyob rau hauv "Faust." Kozlowski heev sai sai los ua ib tug uas soloist, ua ib tug ntau ntawm classic ua si. Ib xyoo tom qab nws tau caw mus Leningrad, lub Mariinsky ua yeeb yam, tab sis tus singer rejects xws li ib tug thaum kev thiab mus rau Sverdlovsk mus hu nkauj nyob rau hauv lub zos opera tsev.

Grand ua yeeb yam

Tab sis ib xyoos tom qab, Ivan Kozlovsky sim lub conquest ntawm Moscow. Nyob rau hauv 1926 nws tau hu zaj nkauj lub luag hauj lwm ntawm Alfred nyob rau hauv "La traviata" nyob rau hauv lub ceg ntawm lub Bolshoi Theatre thiab sai li sai tau kos cov xim uas muaj ntau ntxias. Neeg xyuas pib Performance MM-Ippolitov Ivanov ib zaug hais tias lub singer muaj ib tug yawm yav tom ntej. Yog li ntawd Ivan Kozlovsky los nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab ua yeeb yam ntawm lub teb chaws, qhov chaw uas nws ua hauj lwm rau 29 xyoo.

Tam sim ntawd tom qab lub debut ntawm lub Kozlov tham txog nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no lub suab paj nruag nyob rau hauv Moscow, kws txawj thiab kiv cua lom nws virtuoso hu, lub elasticity ntawm lub suab, kaj cwm pwm. Lub singer yeej ib txwm ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv nws cov txheej txheem, thiab txawm tuaj mus rau lub Great twb ib tug paub tab tswv, yeej tsis ceased mus txhim kho.

Nyob rau hauv 1927, Igor Semenovich ua lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub xib taw nyob rau hauv "Boris Godunov" los ntawm Mussorgsky, nws tau tsim ib tug furor. Txij thaum ntawd los, qhov no lub luag hauj lwm tau ua nws trademark, zoo dua nws, shriller thiab ntau meej, tsis muaj ib tug qhov kev ua si yog tsis ua si, nws muaj peev xwm xav tias qhov tiag tiag Pushkin suab thiab lub teb chaws ntsuj plig.

Thaum lub sij hawm ob ntiaj teb rog Kozlovsky ua ke nrog rau cov yeeb yam tau evacuated mus Kuibyshev, tab sis yuav tsis nyob twj ywm aloof los ntawm cov tawm tsam thiab feem ntau cov kwv tij nrog cov suab paj nruas brigades rau pem hauv ntej, nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov tsev kho mob, koom nyob rau hauv kev nrhiav nyiaj txiag rau lub National kws muaj txuj ci Fund.

Cia li Bolshoi Kozlovsky ua txog 50 tus cwj pwm, txhua yam uas tau sab laug nws cov cim nyob rau hauv cov suab paj nruas domestic kos duab.

Nyob rau hauv 1954, Ivan Kozlovsky, nyob rau qhov siab ntawm nws cov chaw thiab cov ntaub ntawv, tawm hauv lub Bolshoi Theatre. Yog vim li cas xws li ib tug kev txiav txim siab nws yeej tsis tham.

txuj ci kev sib tw

Nyob rau hauv 1931, nyob rau lub Bolshoi Kozlovsky nyob contender - Sergei Lemeshev. Nyob rau hauv lub artistic ib puag ncig yog ib txwm ib tug sib tw ntsuj plig, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov high-theem txuj ci, cov artist yeej ib txwm xav ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Nyob rau hauv ib duel Sergei Lemeshev - Ivan Kozlovsky tenors, kwv yees li sib npaug zos nyob rau hauv txuj ci thiab kev txawj, kev sib nyob rau hauv lub achievements. Qhov no confrontation yog lom zem ntau pab mus rau kiv cua uas pom cov kev hloov maj mam mlom successes thiab failures ntawm tus nrog sib ntaus. Cov nab npawb ntawm cov khoom plig thiab cov kev ceev ntawm tau txais daim ntawv Kozlowski overtaking competitor, tab sis Lemeshev ntev npaum li cas ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab theem ntawm lub teb chaws. Lub ntsiab kev kawm ntawm cov kev sib tw - Lensky, uas txhua singer hu nkauj nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej txoj kev vim hais tias ntawm lawv qhov. Yog li ntawd, Kozlowski nws yog ntau ironic thiab cheeky txoj kev, Lemesheva - ntau lyrical. Nyob rau hauv 1958, lub tenors tuaj ua ke nyob rau theem nyob rau hauv qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Chekhov-Knipper.

Opera Ensemble ntawm lub USSR

Nyob rau hauv 1938, I. S. Kozlovsky, ib tug singer enormous muaj peev xwm rau kev ua hauj lwm, nrhiav tau lub State Opera khaub ncaws ntau ntawm cov Soviet Union tau kev pab los ntawm Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko. Tenor ntawm no tsis yog ib tug soloist, tab sis kuj cov artistic thawj coj. Thaum lub sij hawm peb lub xyoos ntawm cov pab neeg ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv nws tag nrho cov koj ntxias ntawm lub sij hawm: M. Maksakova, Petrov, I. Patorzhinsky. Ntawm no Kozlowski yuav nws ua ntej directorial kev, muab lub opera "Werther", ces nyob rau hauv nws coj noj coj ua, muaj nthuav version ntawm "Orpheus", "Pagliacci", "Mozart thiab Salieri" thiab lwm yam yeeb yam.

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua si

Thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej, Kozlovsky ua ntau ntau yam operatic cwj pwm nyob rau hauv uas nws brilliantly pom txoj kev zoo nkauj ntawm nws extraordinary lub suab. Tab sis qhov zoo tshaj plaws ob tog, kws txawj thiab kiv cua muaj xws li: lub luag hauj lwm ntawm Simpleton, nws embodiment ntawm cov duab no yog tseem xam tau tias yog ib tug siv thiab unsurpassed; Lensky los ntawm Ivan S. kuj los ua ib tug classic qauv rau tag nrho cov tom ntej tiam ntawm singers. Cov qhov zoo tshaj plaws no kuj pom tau hais tias lub luag hauj lwm ntawm tus huab tais nyob rau hauv Berendey "Daus leej" los ntawm Rimsky-Korsakov, Wagner tus Lohengrin, lub Duke nyob rau hauv "Rigoletto" los ntawm Alfred nyob rau hauv "La traviata", suav Almaviva nyob rau hauv "Lub Barber ntawm Seville."

chamber repertoire

Ivan Kozlovsky, lyrics uas twb yeej ib txwm ib qho tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm lub repertoire, xws li los ntawm cov kev pab cuam lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv cov tub rog, tsis tawm kev hais kwv txhiaj ua si. Nws hlub cov neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Ukrainian nkauj, tsim tag nrho lus dab neeg cov kev pab cuam. Nws sau zaj nkauj nrog mob siab rau, nws mus los ntawm lub zos, cov txheej txheem thiab cov ntaub ntawv cov neeg ua hauj lwm. Yog li ntawd nws tau npaj ib qhov kev pab cuam thiab kaw ib cov ntaub ntawv Christmas carols, uas, Tu siab, muaj banned qhov kev tso tawm.

Lwm facet ntawm nws creativity - yog tus ua kom tiav ntawm kev hlub songs. Lyrical singer lub suab yog zoo meej rau cov tua ntawm tob tob tej hauj lwm hais txog kev hlub thiab kev txom nyem. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, ib tug ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws hu nkauj ntawm romances ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th - yog Ivan Kozlovsky. Romance "Kuv tau ntsib koj ..." los ua ib tug tiag tiag hit ntawm txhua lub sij hawm. Nws repertoire muaj xws classic tej hauj lwm raws li "Kuv nco ntsoov ib tug zoo kawg nkaus lub sij hawm ntawd", "Tsis txhob txhib puas", "Nyob rau hauv cov ntshav burning hluav taws ntawm lub siab xav," "ci, ci, kuv lub hnub qub" thiab ntau lwm nto moo zaj nkauj.

Kozlowski - tus thawj coj

Ivan Semenovich Kozlovsky, sim nws txhais tes li ib tug thawj coj nyob rau hauv lub opera khaub ncaws ntau ntawm cov USSR, qhov uas nws staged rau peb lub xyoos, txog 10 nrug, tsis tawm no ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom ntej. Nws raug caw mus tsim lub opera ua yeeb yam nyob txawv lub zos lub teb chaws, feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov, nws collaborated nrog nws cov haiv neeg Ukraine. Nws directorial ua hauj lwm featured hloov maj mam xav ntawm cov suab paj nruas khoom thiab muaj peev xwm los qhia cov artist tus muaj peev xwm mus rau lub tag nrho.

Txuj ci thiab cov ua cim

Kozlovsky - ib tug singer nrog ib tug amazing, contradictory cim. Nws escapades twb legendary tenor yog ib tug zoo tswv ntawm cov lus tso dag thiab kev lom zem. Nws yuav muaj ib tug kev pab rau nws tso tawm rau lub scene ntawm cov hluas, ib tug tsis paub singer, thiab hauv qab lub scenes hu nkauj rau nws tom qab qhov kev ua si thiab zoo siab rau pej xeem txog lub rov tshwm sim ntawm ib tug tshiab ntse heev, qhia nws tsis pub leejtwg paub. Nws tsis yuav tsum tau txais mus rau hauv lub hnav khaub ncaws chav tsev mus rau ib tug colleague thiab nkawm khau ntsia rau hauv pem teb. Nws lossi ua si nws cov phooj ywg thiab cov acquaintances, thiab txawm zoo tib yam neeg. Piv txwv li, ib zaug thaum lub sij hawm ib tug sib ntaus rau ib tug dav hlau, nws mus rau tus cockpit thiab pib nrov nrov cam nrog nws hais txog lub sijhawm ntawm kev tsav tsheb ntawm cov aircraft, ces, mus rau lub consternation ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb, nws zaum tom qab lub kauj log. Ces nws muab tawm hais tias lub dav hlau ya mus rau autopilot, thiab nws yog tag nrho ib tug dag Ivan Semenovich.

Muaj ntau ntau cov dab neeg hais txog yuav ua li cas enamored nrog Ivan Semenovich rau nws lub suab. Nws yuav tau tsis kam mus nyob rau theem, vim hais tias "nws yog ib tug kos npe rau tsis hu nkauj niaj hnub no." Kozlowski nyiam los qhia tias koj lub suab nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov tog, txawm qhov twg ib co ntawm cov nqe vaj lug kub twb tsis tsim nyog. Nws yog ntseeg nyob rau hauv nws lub peev xwm thiab yog li ntawd yuav them taus los intractability.

honors

Kozlovsky, ib tug singer-era, rau nws lub neej tau txais ntau yam khoom plig. Nyob rau hauv lub 30 xyoo ntawm nws hlub Stalin thiab cia da dej tenor honors. Nws tau txais ob Stalin nqi zog rau nws pab mus rau lub kos duab thiab lub luag hauj lwm ntawm Simpleton. Kozlovsky yog tus siab Artist ntawm lub RSFSR rau 37 xyoo, peb lub xyoos tom qab tau txais lub npe ntawm neeg lub Artist ntawm lub USSR. Nws muaj tsib Orders ntawm Lenin, qhov kev txiav txim "paib tiv npe ntawm yawm", ntau medals. Nyob rau hauv 1980, nws tau los ua ib tug Hero ntawm Socialist Labor. Nyob rau hauv 1993 nws muab tsub lub title ntawm neeg lub Artist ntawm Ukraine. Tab sis lub ntsiab yam khoom plig, ntawm chav kawm - nws yog txoj kev hlub ntawm lab ntawm cov listeners, nws muaj ib tug loj loj pab tub rog ntawm cov kiv cua uas ua raws li nws ib ncig thiab muab khoom plig rau nws.

Tej lub neej

Lub singer, uas nyiam zoo muaj koob meej ntawm tej, thiab nws yog ib tug great admirer ntawm tus poj niam nrog txiv neej pw. Ivan Kozlovsky nws tus kheej, nws tus kheej lub neej yeej ib txwm tau hais txog txoj kev xaiv thiab kev sib tham.

Lub singer tau sib yuav ob zaug. Nws thawj thawj tus poj niam, lub actress A. Gercik yog laus dua nws, lawv nyob ua ke rau 15 xyoo, thiab nws txaus siab rau tus txij nkawm ntawm cov khoom mus txog rau thaum kawg ntawm lub neej.

Nws ob tus poj niam, lub charming actress Galina Sergeyeva, Kozlovsky ris ob tug ntxhais: Anna thiab Anastasia. Anna tom qab ua lub thib ob tus poj niam Yevgeny Petrosyan.

Cov sib yuav ntawm singer thiab actress muaj ntawd kub ntev li yuav luag 20 xyoo, thiab thaum Galina tshuav nws, Ivan Semenovich raug kev txom nyem heev thiab yeej tsis sib yuav. Ivan Kozlovsky cov me nyuam tseem nrog lawv niam, tab sis lawv lub neej tag nrho cov nyiaj them yug.

Nws twb rho nrog ib tug zoo kawg tooj ntawm novels, tiam sis feem ntau ntawm nws ncaj ncees pab rau cov laus uas muaj hnub nyoog tseem secretary Nina Fedoseyevna.

Kozlowski nyob ib tug ntev thiab zoo kawg nkaus lub neej, thiab tuag rau hlis ntuj nqeg 21, 1993. Nws raug faus nyob rau hauv lub Novodevichy toj ntxas.

Legacy thiab nco

Suab Ivan Kozlovsky mus ib txhis fwm nyob rau hauv txhiab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Nws legacy yog ob peb lub kaum os operatic cwj pwm, ntawv phau ntawv "Music - kev xyiv fab thiab kuv mob," pua pua ntawm zaj nkauj. Nws yog hu ua tom qab lub kiag nyob rau hauv Kiev. Muaj lawv pab nyiaj rau. Kozlowski, uas tau raug txhawb cov tub ntxhais txuj ci, muaj kev koom ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv nws lub singer tus ntxhais Anastasia.