Greys Hopper: biography, pab mus rau science

Mathematician, innovator, paub txog, thiab tsuas yog tus poj niam uas muaj kev tswj kom dhau lub hiob tub ceev xwm nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub US Navy - qhov no yog Hlub Murray Hopper. Luv luv biography nws yuav tsum tau muab nthuav rau koj hauv qab no. Ob peb cov poj niam muaj kev tswj kom leem txoj kev rau tus Navy, thiab txawm ntau tsim nyog ntawm xws li ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov honors thiab awards. Nyob rau hauv Hopper tag nrho cov no tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj laus nws tshuav yim hli ntuj 14, 1986 nyob rau lub hnub nyoog ntawm 79 xyoo.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub ua tau nyob rau hauv cov tub rog teb, Hopper ua nto moo thiab inventions nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm lub computer kev lag luam. Nws tau ua thiab co-creation nrog UNIVAC-1, tus thawj nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm coj mus muag cia computer, ib tug ntawm cov creators ntawm lub COBOL programming lus, ib tug innovator nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm advanced computer technology, thiab tau ua ib tug zoo heev mathematician.

Ntsib greys Hopper

Hopper yog ib tug heev muaj ntau yam txiv neej. Raws li ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv Vassarovskogo kev kawm kawm ntawv qib siab (Vassar kawm ntawv qib siab), qhov chaw uas nws tom qab qhia kev kawm txog zauv, greys Hopper los ua ib tug bachelor. Tom qab ib co sij hawm, nws twb tau txais ib tug master degree los ntawm Yale University thiab plaub lub xyoos tom qab - Tus kws kho mob ntawm Philosophy. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1943, nws yog rho mus rau lub tam sim no cia ntawm cov rog. Ib xyoo tom qab, nws yog muab lub lieutenant thiab caw rau ntxiv txoj kev koom tes ntawm Harvard University, qhov chaw uas nws tom qab pib ua hauj lwm rau tus thawj hluav taws xob xam tshuab "Mark-1".

compiler Creator

Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv 1949, nws tau koom tes nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob thiab creation ntawm computer nyob rau hauv lub npe «UNIVAC-1" nyob rau hauv lub tuam txhab ntawm Eckert thiab Mauchly. Cov thawj uas pom tias lub tswv yim mus npaj ib qho kev pab ntawm successive sequences ntawm cov lus qhia, hu ua subroutines, yog greys Hopper. Pab mus rau qhov kev kawm ntawm nws immeasurable. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm uas nws twb koom nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob thiab cov thawj nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm compiler kev pab cuam. Nws muaj peev xwm mus nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv lub hnub repository thiab tsim nrog lawv ib tug npaj txhij-ua qhov kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv lub binary system, uas yuav tsum to taub los ntawm lub computer.

Greys Hopper txuas ntxiv mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub tuam txhab thiab tom qab nws kev twb kev txuas mus rau lub "Remington Rand" nyob rau hauv 1951 thiab nrog rau cov "Sperry Rand Corporation" nyob rau hauv 1955.

Cov nram qab no xyoo, nyob rau hauv nws coj noj coj ua, lub department tso cov thawj coj mus muag qhov kev pab cuam, mus compile - Flow-Matic.

Tej lub sij hawm tom qab ntawd nws txiav txim siab mus resign los ntawm cov kev pab cuam, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom ntej ua hauj lwm dua nco nws tus kheej. Grey hu rov qab nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav standardize lub Navy computer lus programming.

Nws tau los rau tus zoo-deserved laus nyob rau hauv 1986, tshuav nyob rau hauv hlab tub ceev xwm nyob rau hauv lub Navy. Hlub tuag ib hlis ntuj 1, 1992 nyob rau hauv Arlington, Virginia.

Cov xib fwb nyob rau hauv cov neeg tsav nkoj

Poj niam nyob rau hauv ib lub nkoj - mus raug teeb meem. Yog li ntawd hais tias zoo-paub paj lug, tab sis lub npe nrov greys Hopper twb tau mus refute no lub taub Tawvv. Nws tig mus thiab tsim nyog paub txog lawv comrades nyob rau hauv lub Navy, thiab tau lub npe ntawm lub US Navy lieutenant.

Nws muaj siab mus rau kauj ruam on board lub nkoj Hlub piav los ntawm caj. Nws yawg tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug Tsheb Admiral ntawm lub fleet, thiab mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov tub rog rau nws yog ib yam dab tsi coj rau pom zoo.

Tus thawj los mus ua txhaum mus rau hauv cov kev pab cuam muab rau hauv tsis ua hauj lwm. Vim hais tias ntawm cov pronounced thinness thiab muaj hnub nyoog, thiab foom koob hmoov yog ces twb 37 xyoos los, nws twb tsis kam lees. Tab sis tus cwj pwm ntawm muab mus nyob rau Hopper twb tsis pom, thiab lub thib ob lub sij hawm nws tseem coj lub fleet los ntawm kev xa ib tug pre-kawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv kev cai. Hoob no yog ua kom tiav nrog "zoo heev", kom dhau rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws kawm tiav tsev kawm ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv lub phab ntsa ntawm Harvard

Nyob rau hauv wartime, qhov tub rog yog phem heev nyob rau hauv kev xav tau ntawm tshiab achievements. Tab sis lub complexity ntawm cov lus teb cuam tshuam paub txog kom paub tswv yim. Nws yog heev heev thiab tsho txheej txheem uas yuav siv sij hawm ib tug ntau lub sij hawm thiab kev rau siab. Ces cia li muaj lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim suab hluav taws xob computers, uas yog cov ncaj pog koob yawg koob niaj hnub no computers.

Harvard University tau ua tus epicenter ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tej yaam num txais rau kev saib xyuas. Nws yog ntawm no, nyob rau hauv lub saib xyuas ntawm Howard Aiken, thiab ua ke nrog rau cov IBM-tsim thawj-puas US computer nyob rau hauv lub npe "Malakaus 1", uas yog nyiaj ua lag luam ntau heev ntawm nyiaj. Qhov no tshuab yog muaj peev xwm mus ua tau nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ntxiv peb pawg los yog subtracting ib tug thib ob. Qhov no tshwm sim yog rightly xam tau tias yog tsim nyog rau lub sij hawm. "Mark-1" mam li nco dheev hloov los ntawm ib tug ntev thiab painstaking ua hauj lwm rau ntau tshaj nees nkaum tswv uas yuav zoo cuam tshuam kev kawm ntawv.

Ua hauj lwm nyob rau ntawm lub Harvard tempered greys Hopper. Kuv pw ntawm nws lub xub pwg nyom ib tug zoo luag hauj lwm, vim hais tias ntawm qhov zoo thiab timeliness ntawm kev tu ncua uas depended rau ntawm lub teb chaws lub neej yav tom ntej. Nws tsis yog ib tug kws nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm computers, thiab ib tug innovator nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv technology.

Lub neej nyob rau "pej xeem"

1946 muaj pov thawj los ua ib tug raws point rau Hopper. Vim lub hnub nyoog nws twb pauv mus rau cov thawj coj hauv lub Navy Reserve thiab zoo txwv tsis pub los ntawm cov tub rog kev pab cuam, rau cov uas nws tau nrhiav rau ntev ua luaj li. Nws yog ib tug tiag tiag kev poob siab rau kev hlub thiab tsis yog tus zoo tshaj plaws txoj kev cuam tshuam rau lub hlwb noj qab haus huv. Hopper sim mus nrhiav kev thaj yeeb nyob rau hauv dej cawv, rau cov uas nws txawm muaj dua detained los ntawm tub ceev xwm rau ua qaug dej qaug cawv. Cuaj kaum, nws tau hais tias goodbye rau no yees nrog tshiab rog coj cov hauj lwm.

Muaj zog ntsuj plig ntawm ib tug poj niam uas muaj peev xwm mus rub kuv tus kheej ua ke, nyob rau hauv cov kev phem ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim, qhov no yog qhov greys Myurrey Hopper. yooj yim tsim muaj nws - compiler txoj kev loj hlob thiab lub creation ntawm ib qho ntawm cov hiob programming lus COBOL, los yog thaum lub sij hawm no. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog ua tsaug rau nws niaj hnub computers muaj peev xwm to taub txog multi-level programming lus, ntau tib neeg tshaj tshuab code.

Qhov chaw nyob rau hauv keeb kwm

Ua ntej, uas hloov lub computer los ntawm ib tug loj loj computer mus rau hauv ib yam dab tsi ntau muaj peev xwm ntawm tiav ntau yam kev pab raws qib nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws tau ib tug pioneer nyob rau hauv lub computer kev lag luam - greys Hopper. Duab ntawm cov thawj computer, uas yog lub impressive loj tshuab xam zauv, cov kwv tij nyob ib ncig ntawm cov thawj lub npe tuaj yog thaum cov xov xwm.

Hlub xav tias ib tug computer yuav tsum "muaj nyob rau ib tug sib tham," tsis yog sawv daws yuav thiab zeros, thiab nrog rau cov kev pab los ntawm lus Askiv. Nws muaj peev xwm los mus tiv thaiv lawv lub tswv yim nrog rau cov sib ntaus sib tua, nyob rau hauv lub truest siab ntawm lo lus. Nws yog rau radically hloov uas twb muaj lawm views ntawm qhov xwm ntawm computers, nws yog ib tug quab yuam tsis tau txhua leej txhua tus. Mob thiab inquisitive siab, kev txawj ntse ntawm lub lag luam yuav nws thiaj li pab tau Hopper mus hais lug txhawb cov miv ntawm cov correctness.

Tom qab retiring los ntawm lub Hlub pab ntau tshaj ib zaug nyob rau hauv koom computer txoj kev loj hlob, raws li ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau fwm tshwj xeeb ntawm lub scientific lub zej lub zos. Nyob rau hauv 1959 nws twb hais kom pab standardize programming lus Navy COBOL. Txawm tias xws li ib tug tseem ceeb pab rau lub tshav pob ntawm computer technology, Hlub tsis koos lawv tus kheej nrog ib tug halo ntawm hwjchim ci ntsa iab, xav tias nws kawm tau zoo cia li ib tug fluke.

Rov qab mus raws li ib tug soj ntsuam

Tom qab nws tawm cov kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv 1966, Hlub tau raug tsa taub hau ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb pab neeg mus rau qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub ceev teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm programming lus. Txawm tias nws cov tub ntxhais uas muaj hnub nyoog, yog tsis muaj lawm, Hlub tam sim ntawd muab mus ua hauj lwm. Nws yog npaj rau siv hnub thiab hmo muaj. Xws li yog no kuj zoo kawg poj niam - greys Hopper. Luv luv biography ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv cov tub rog teb yuav tsis tsis impress. Thiab tus naj npawb ntawm inventions yuav tawm tsis muaj leej twg tsis muaj ab tsi - nws twb tsis muaj sib npaug zos nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm computer technology. Ntawm cov kev tshawb pab pawg neeg, nws tseem txawj ntau rau standardize COBOL.

Tawm cov kev pab cuam

Nws resigned nyob rau hauv 1986, nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm ntawm Tsheb Admiral, xws li nws yawg. Yuav kom nws feem ntau nrhiav Council txiav txim sailors thiab hustlers nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm programming lus. Qhov kawg xyoo ntawm nws lub yeeb yuj lub neej nws nplooj siab rau nthuav, yuav ua rau ib tug kev nthuav qhia ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv. Nws yooj yim tswj kom khwv tau rau kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov tub ntxhais cov neeg tuaj saib thiab ua tau los ua ib tug mlom nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas. Hopper ua hauj lwm rau cov kev pab ntawm haiv neeg nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, kom dhau rau ci ntsa iab innovator nyob rau hauv nws daim teb thiab tau txais txeeb heev heev. Cov nqi tshaj plaws nqi zog uas tau npaj nws lub neej, hlub xav tias cov kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv lub Navy.

Nyob rau hauv xaus

Nws yog rightly hu ua tus "niam" ntawm computer technology. Lub ib hlis ntuj 1, 1992 tshuav lub ntiaj teb no yeej ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov khoom plig thiab nrog paub txog ntawm cov pej xeem naas ej poj niam neeg tsav nkoj - greys Hopper. Biography nws impressive, admirable. Yuav kom nws yog feem ntau kho raws li ib tug adviser rau lub acting thawj coj ntawm lub Navy, uas yuav ua tau txaus siab ntawm "Amazing Hlub", nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm uas tus destroyer USS Hopper twb muaj npe super-Ministry ntawm Zog thiab lub computer. Rau ntau, rau hnub no nws yog ib tug mlom thiab ib tug qauv.