Epaulettes ntawm lub Generalissimo. Qhov siab tshaj plaws cov tub rog plaws. Tub rog nyob qib I. V. Stalina

Nyob rau hauv XX xyoo pua nyob rau hauv peb keeb kwm xwb Stalin muaj epaulets ntawm Generalissimo. Awarding ntawm lub title "nug" rau neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm ib qho ntawm cov nroj tsuag tom qab lub Soviet kov yeej lub teb chaws Yelemees nyob rau hauv 1945. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, qhov no "daim ntawv thov" ntawm lub proletariat kawm tag nrho cov inhabitants ntawm lub Union.

Ob peb nco ntsoov, tab sis Stalin twb muab tsub lub siab tshaj plaws cov tub rog nyob qib lub tsarist faj tim teb chaws. Nws yog tus kawg tig taw tes nyob rau hauv lub minds ntawm tus Bolsheviks, vim hais tias ua ntej uas ideology brushed ib sab tag nrho cov me nyuam laaj ntawm tiam. Stalin to taub hais tias nyob rau hauv no nyuaj teev rau lub teb chaws thiab lub laaj ntawm kev lig kev cai ntawm lub yeej xwb ntsuj plig thiaj li raug ntxub los ntawm cov Communist ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws yuav tsum tseg lub teb chaws. Nkag straps - ib tug txawv lub cim ntawm "imperial executioners," tus tub ceev xwm raws li txoj cai, uas tau tsuas yog tsim rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm no, ib co ntawm cov tshiab lub npe.

Cov kho nyob rau hauv ib tug yooj yim teev rau lub teb chaws twb mus sib sau ua ke tag nrho cov disparate rog ntawm lub civil tsov rog. Lub Germans paub hais tias cov tsis muaj zog ntawm lub Soviet Union - lub cim kis. Lawv skillfully siv los ntawm recruiting heev heev battalions ntawm lub Red Army. Stalin to taub qhov no thiab nrog cov tub rog ib puag ncig.

Nws yog tseem ceeb heev rau lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ntawm kev mus tsim kom muaj lub laaj ntawm tiam. Sib cav txog tej xwm txheej no, peb nco txog ntau npaum li cas nws yog Generalissimo ntawm peb keeb kwm. Thiab kuj qhia rau koj ib co nthuav cov lus tseeb hais txog Stalin txuam nrog rau qhov no title.

Generalissimo nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntiaj teb

Lub sij hawm "Generalissimo" los rau peb los ntawm Latin. Txhais nws txhais tau tias "feem ntau tseem ceeb heev." Qhov no yog lub siab tshaj plaws nyob qib uas yog puas tau qhia nyob rau hauv pab tub rog ntawm lub xeev. Cov niaj hnub ntawm lub Generalissimo muab tsis tau tsuas yog cov xwm txheej ntawm cov tub rog, tab sis kuj civil, kev nom kev tswv. Qhov no title yog muab tsuas mus rau ib tug tiag tiag tshwj xeeb cov neeg.

Qhov no title donedavna coj qhws Chan Kayshi (pictured saum toj no), tus yeeb ncuab ntawm Suav Communist. Tab sis niaj hnub no lub ntiaj teb no yog tsis ua yeeb yam generalissimos. Nco lub npe thiab nyob rau hauv peb cov tub rog system. Qhov kawg ib tug nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb no uas muaj xws li high rank, yog Kim Chen Ir - North Kauslim lub thawj coj, uas yog tsuas posthumously muab tsub rau nws nyob rau hauv 2011. Rau North Koreans yog tsis yog cov neeg, nws yog Vajtswv, lub cim ntawm lub teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws no, ua daim ntawv qhia hnub ncaj qha ntsig txog qhov politician. Nws yog tsis zoo li hais tias tus DPRK yuav tshwm sim lwm leej lwm tus nrog xws li ib tug siab plaws.

Keeb kwm paub me ntsis generalissimos. Nyob rau hauv Fabkis, rau 400 xyoo, tsuas yog ob tug teb activists twb muab tsub lub npe. Nyob rau hauv Russia, suav lawv nyob rau hauv qhov kawg peb puas xyoo, muaj txaus cov ntiv tes ntawm ib txhais tes.

Leej twg yog tus thawj Generalissimo? Tus thawj version ntawm "funny commanders"

Tus thawj, uas twb muab qhov no qib nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws lub keeb kwm, twb associates Petra Velikogo - Ivan Buturlin thiab Fedor Romodanovsky. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv no txoj kev uas nws muaj peev xwm muab txhua tug me nyuam tub ua si rau hauv lub mev nrog cov phooj ywg. Nyob rau hauv 1864, kaum ob-xyoo Peter muab lawv lub npe ntawm cov "Generalissimo txaus luag rog" thaum lub sij hawm qhov kev ua si. Lawv sawv ntawm lub taub hau ntawm lub ob tshiab khiv tsim "txaus luag" regiments. muaj tsis muaj ntais ntawv nrog rau lub txoos lub npe ntawm lub sij hawm.

Version Ob: Alex Shein

Teb, cov high-qeb duas ua hauj lwm "txaus luag commanders" tau tsis txaus siab los ntawm daim ntawv sau cov kev cai thiab cov lus qhia. Yog li ntawd, raws li lub ntsiab contender rau lub luag hauj lwm ntawm cov thawj Generalissimo historians hu tus tswv xeev Alekseya Sheina. Thaum lub sij hawm Azov phiaj los nqis tes nws tau txib kom lub cev hloov hlo thiab lub Semenov tso kom muaj kab muaj kev. Peter qhuas zoo tej kev coj, cov tub rog tactics thiab knack Shein, rau cov uas nws twb muab nws lub rau hli ntuj 28, 1696 no siab plaws.

Version Peb: Michael Cherkasky

Peter kuv nyiam mus muab "nrog nws tus tswv lub xub pwg" high tsoom fwv khoom plig thiab lub npe. Feem ntau nws yog chaotic thiab tej zaum hasty kev txiav txim siab hais tias ua txhaum cov kev ib txwm thiab cov zajlus kom chav kawm ntawm tej yam. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib lub sij hawm ntawm Peter kuv tuaj thawj Generalissimo ntawm Lavxias teb sab xeev.

Ib tug ntawm cov, raws li historians version yog tus tswv Michael Cherkasky. Nws yog nyob rau hauv them nyiaj ntawm kev tswj tej xwm txheej, nws yog nrov nyob rau hauv lub zej zog. Nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj lawv tau los ua ib tug warship rau lub Azov phiaj los nqis tes.

Peter kuv qhuas nws pab mus rau lub teb chaws. Tsis nyob twj ywm tsis muaj xim thiab lwm yam, tsawg tseem ceeb, tab sis pab tau tej yam rau cov haiv neeg. Rau tag nrho cov no, Peter twb muab tsub Boyar Cherkassy siab tshaj plaws cov tub rog plaws. Raws li cov kev kwv yees ntawm historians, nws yog lub Kaum Ob Hlis 14, 1695, t. E., Rau lub hlis ua ntej Shein.

tuag title

Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, cov neeg uas coj qhws lub epaulets ntawm Generalissimo, tsis muaj hmoo. Muaj peb: tub huabtais Menshikov, Duke Anton Ulrih ntawm Brunswick thiab Aleksandr Vasilevich Suvorov, uas nws lub npe thiab regalia yog tsis muaj ib tsab xov xwm.

Tub huabtais Menshikov, ib tug loyal cov phooj ywg thiab pab pawg phooj ywg ntawm Peter lub Great, twb entrusted nrog lub npe ib tus me Peter II. Cov tub hluas ntxhais huab tais yuav tsum tau yuav tus ntxhais ntawm tus tub huabtais, tab sis lub palace intrigues ntxeev lub dos nyob rau hauv lwm cov kev taw qhia. Fair hais tias cov tub ntxhais Peter twb tsis muaj lub sij hawm tau sib yuav. Thaum lub caij xeem, nws tuag ntawm smallpox, tom qab uas tub huabtais Menshikov twb stripped ntawm tag nrho cov npe thiab khoom plig thiab xa mus rau lawv holdings nyob rau hauv Berezniki, deb ntawm lub capital.

Qhov thib ob lub yas dhos ntawm lub siab tshaj plaws cov tub rog nyob qib - tus txiv ntawm Anna Leopoldovna, Duke Duke Anthony Ulrich ntawm Brunswick. Txawm li cas los, nws yog rau lawv kom ntev. Ib xyoo tom qab ntawd nws twb tseem stripped ntawm lub title tom qab lub overthrow ntawm ob peb los ntawm lub zwm txwv.

Qhov thib peb, uas tau muab ib tug high rank nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, yog A. V. Suvorov. Nws yeej yog legendary thoob plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Qhov no title nws yeej tsis tau nyob rau hauv kev ua xyem xyav. Tab sis raug xwm txheej yog hais tias nws siv lub Generalissimo tsawg kawg rau lub hlis, thiab ces tuag.

Suvorov tom qab lub Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws no title tsis tau ib tug. Yog li, nws tseem tau mus xam ntau npaum li cas nws yog Generalissimo ntawm Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm mus rau lub Soviet Union. Hais txog Stalin title tham tom qab.

Es tsis txhob Qib - txaus

Tom qab lub kiv puag ncig, lub Bolsheviks tsis zoo tus cwj pwm rau tej nco txog tsarist regime. Cov kev xav ntawm "tub ceev xwm" yog ib tug qias neeg lo lus. Raws li txoj cai, cov cab kuj ntawm no raws li txoj cai, twb tsis muaj kev tswj kom mus txawv teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, poob nyob rau hauv lub tsim txom ntawm cov tub ceev xwm. nws twb nrog lub shooting feem ntau.

Es tsis txhob npe nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws muaj yog ib tug system ntawm posts. Piv txwv li, tus naas ej Chapayev yog ib tug faib commander, t. E. Lub division commander. Ib tug formal txaus siab mus rau lub zoo xws li txoj hauj lwm - "Comrade Divisional Commander." Nws suav hais tias lub siab tshaj plaws nyob qib Marshal. Ib tug cai tsis txaus siab rau nws - "Comrade Marshal," los yog los ntawm lub npe ntawm: "Comrade Zhukov," "Comrade Stalin," etc. ntawd yog lub npe ntawm Stalin, ua tsov ua rog yog cia li, Marshal thiab Generalissimo tsis ...

Nws yog noteworthy uas zvaniyae dav dav thiab lub tus thawj coj rau tub rog ntawm hiav txwv tuaj tom qab, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1940.

ordering system

Nyob rau hauv lub nyuaj hnub ntawm tsov rog, cov Soviet coj noj coj ua mus rau ib tug loj cov tub rog kho kom zoo nyob rau hauv cov tub rog system. Laus posts tau abolished. Nyob rau hauv lawv qhov chaw tau muab tso rau "muaj koob muaj npe" cov tub rog decorations thiab lub npe, thiab cov tub rog nws tus kheej tsis yog tus "liab neeg ua hauj lwm-pluag" thiab "Soviet", qhia cov kev nplua nuj raws li txoj cai ntawm cov tub ceev xwm.

Muaj coob tus neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog mature thiab cov neeg laus tsis zoo dab tsi no kho kom zoo. Lawv muaj peev xwm to taub: tus tub ceev xwm yog rau lawv synonymous nrog "Cov neeg tsim txom", "imperialist", "bandit", thiab lwm yam Nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, txawm li cas los, qhov no kho kom zoo tau ntxiv dag zog rau lub morale ntawm cov tub rog, ua ib zajlus kom tswj system tiav ...

Tag nrho cov ntawm cov tub rog coj noj coj ua ntawm lub teb chaws thiab Stalin tus kheej paub hais tias cov kev ntsuas yuav pab kom mus cuag yeej, streamlined qauv thiab hierarchy. Muaj coob tus neeg xav hais tias lub sij hawm no siab tshaj plaws nyob qib Generalissimo tswvcuab. Txawm li cas los, qhov no yog yuam kev lawm. Stalin thoob plaws hauv lub tsov ua rog, kom txog rau thaum yeej yog tus Marshal.

Cov nqi zog rau winning

Yog li, kom txog thaum 1945 lub siab tshaj plaws nyob qib Marshal ntawm lub Soviet Union yog. Nws twb tsuas yog tom qab lub yeej, Lub rau hli ntuj 26, 1945, twb qhia los ntawm lub npe ntawm Generalissimo ntawm lub Soviet Union. Hnub tom qab ntawd, nyob rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub "thov" ntawm cov neeg ua hauj, nws muab pub rau Stalin.

Nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib lub npe rau Yauxej Stalin peb hais lus rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm, tab sis tus thawj coj nws tus kheej lossi tso tseg tag nrho cov proposals. Nws tsuas yog tom qab tsov rog, yielding mus rau lub entreaties Rokossovskogo pom zoo. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias ua ntej thaum xaus ntawm nws hnub, Stalin twb hnav lub uniform ntawm Marshal, tab sis yog ib tug me ntsis txawv los ntawm cov kev cai li choj. Tuav "Comrade Stalin" twb yog ib tug ua txhaum ntawm lub cai, raws li nws yog cia ib tug tsis txaus siab mus rau lub Marshal, tab sis tus thawj coj nws tus kheej tsis mloog. "Comrade Generalissimo" yuav tsum tau thov tom qab lub rau hli ntuj 1945 mus rau nws.

Tom qab Stalin lub tswv yim yog muab lub siab tshaj plaws nyob qib ob tug lwm thawj coj ntawm lub Soviet Union - Khrushchev thiab Brezhnev, tab sis nws yeej tsis tshwm sim. Tom qab 1993, cov npe no twb tsis muaj nyob rau hauv lub tshiab hierarchy ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation.

epaulettes ntawm lub Generalissimo

Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshiab khaub ncaws rau lub title pib tam sim ntawd tom qab muab nws rau Stalin. Qhov no ua hauj lwm coj pab lub tsheb ntawm cov tub rog liab. Rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tau dej num raws li "tsis pub leejtwg paub", thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1996, cov ntaub ntawv tso tawm.

Thaum tsim ib daim ntawv khaub ncaws sim coj mus rau hauv tus account lub tam sim no chief Marshal ntawm tus ncau ceg, tab sis mus rau tsim ib yam dab tsi tshwj xeeb, tsis zoo li lwm yam. Tom qab tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm epaulettes ntawm lub Generalissimo tus niaj hnub zoo li suav Suvorov. Tej zaum qhov developers tau sim kom haum Stalin, uas muaj ib tug tsis muaj zog rau cov style ntawm tus khaub ncaws ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws nrog epaulettes, cov pob caus ntawd, thiab lwm yam cwj pwm.

Stalin tom qab hais tias ntau tshaj ib zaug tias qhov nyiaj txiav kev tso cai rau muab nws yog lub siab tshaj plaws nyob qib. Nws tsis muaj ib zaug muab tso rau hauv ib daim ntawv tshiab ntawm Generalissimo, thiab tag nrho cov kev loj hlob yuav poob nyob rau hauv lub "txwv kom muab zais." Stalin txuas ntxiv mus hnav Marshal zoo - ib tug dawb tunic nrog zaub-up dab tshos, los yog txho prewar txiav - lig dab tshos thiab plaub hnab ris.

Tau ua tshiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm rejection

Txawm li cas los, dab tsi yog qhov vim li cas rau cov uas Stalin tsis kam hnav khaub ncaws? Nws yog ntseeg hais tias tus thawj coj muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm ntau ceg txog lawv cov tsos, thiab xav rau qhov uas tsis muaj, phem dab tuag laus tug txiv neej xws zoo kawg li daim ntawv no yuav zoo tsis zoo, tsis zoo.

Nws yog qhov no version, raws li ib co ntseeg hais tias, Stalin tsis kam rau lub taub hau lub zoo kawg li parade ntawm lub yeej thiab kos npe rau hauv txoj cai ntawm kev swb ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees. Txawm li cas los, qhov no tsuas yog ib tug xav. Yog li ntawd nws yog los tsis yog, peb, cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv, yuav tsuas yog twv.