Cov tshuaj "Levodopa": cov lus qhia rau kev siv, kev piav qhia, kab sau, analogues thiab kev txheeb xyuas

Dab tsi yog qhov yeeb tshuaj "Levodopa"? Cov lus qhia siv, nqe, tshuaj xyuas txog cov tshuaj no yuav suav hais tias yog me ntsis ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd koj yuav pom tias yam tshuaj no yog hais txog dab tsi, seb nws puas muaj kev sib tshuam thiab kev tsis sib haum xeeb, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv twg nws mus muag, yam twg muaj nyob rau hauv nws cov kab sau thiab lwm yam.

Txheeb, daim ntawv, kev piav qhia

Cov tshuaj twg yog cov tshuaj "Levodopa"? Cov lus qhia rau kev siv qhia tau tias cov khoom siv ntawm cov tshuaj no yog levodopa. Ntawm kev muag khoom nws tuaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm round, ca-cylindrical dawb ntsiav tshuaj packed nyob rau hauv contour hlwb thiab cardboard ntim, feem.

Ntsiab cai ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj

Levodopa ua haujlwm li cas? Lus qhia rau kev siv, xyuas cov ntawv ceeb toom tias qhov no yog ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj antiparkinsonian. Nws yog tsom rau kev tshem tawm ntawm rigidity, hypokinesia, tremor, salivation thiab dysphagia.

Nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, qhov sib tiv tauj ntawm cov tshuaj yog hloov mus rau dopamine (nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus paj hlwb), ua li ua rau cov tsis muaj lub caij no.

Dopamine, uas tshwm sim hauv cov ntaub so ntswg peripheral, tsis pom muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj levomopa ntawm antiparkinsonian. Qhov no yog vim yog qhov tseeb tias nws tsis nkag mus rau hauv lub hauv siab lub hauv siab thiab yog lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsos ntawm kev phiv tshuaj los ntawm cov tshuaj.

Yuav kom txo cov tshuaj ntawm cov khoom ua ub no hauv tib neeg lub cev, cov tshuaj tau sau nrog ua ke nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm peripheral dopa decarboxylase. Hom no pab kom txo cov kev phiv los ntawm kev noj cov ntsiav tshuaj.

Pharmacokinetics

Levodopa absorbed ntau npaum li cas? Kev qhia rau kev siv hais tias tom qab tau txais tshuaj rau hauv lub cev, nws yog sai sai absorbed los ntawm intestine.

Kev nqhis ntawm cov khoom kub nyhiab yog li 20-30%. Hauv qhov no, kev siv tshuaj kho yog pom tom qab 3 xuab moos.

Noj khoom noj khoom haus (nrog rau qee yam khoom noj) ncaj qha cuam tshuam kev nqus ntawm cov tshuaj.

Cov tshuaj yog metabolized, ua rau ntau metabolites. Cov khoom nquag siv tawm los ntawm ob lub raum thiab los ntawm txoj hnyuv.

Cov kev qhia rau kev siv

Thaum twg yog tus neeg mob Levodopa? Cov lus qhia rau kev siv qhia txog cov nram qab no:

• Postencephalitis syndrome, uas tshwm sim thaum cov kab mob cerebrovascular lossis kev qaug tshuaj lom;
• Parkinsonism Syndrome, ntxiv rau, uas yog los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev puas hlwb;
• Parkinson tus kab mob.

Contraindications

Puas muaj lwm yam contraindications rau Levodopa? Kev qhia rau kev siv qhia tias cov tshuaj no yog txwv tsis pub muaj rau hauv cov rooj plaub hauv qab no:

• Nrog rau kev rhiab heev rau khoom;
• Nrog rau MAO inhibitors;
• Thaum cev xeeb tub thiab thaum pub niam mis;
• Cov neeg mob hauv 18 xyoo.

Nrog kev tu xyuas tshwj xeeb, cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem sau rau:

• Emphysema ntawm lub ntsws;
• Muaj kab mob ntsig txog kab mob ntsws, kab mob plawv, nplooj siab, kab mob hauv lub cev thiab cov hlab ntsha;
• Bronchial hawb pob;
• Manifestations ntawm psychosis;
• Melanoma (suav nrog hauv keeb kwm);
• Lub qhov mob kaw glaucoma;
• Rov qab nti (nruj);
• Glaucoma open-angle, uas tau khiav hauv daim ntawv ntev;
• Kev mob plab thiab mob ntsws;
• Myocardial infarction (nyob rau hauv lub anamnesis), as Well as tshwm sim ntawm arrhythmias ntawm ntau hom;
• Ib lub hauv siab ntawm duodenum thiab plab;
• Kev tshwm sim ntawm CNS kev nyuaj siab;
• Teebmeem ntawm lub suab ntawm lub plawv.

Cov tshuaj "Levodopa": cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Cov lus piav qhia txog cov tshuaj no tau muab piav qhia saum toj no. Nws yuav tsum ua li cas?

Raws li cov lus qhia, cov tshuaj yog noj ntawm ncauj. Qhov hnoos qis yog nce siab ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws (nyob ntawm seb tus neeg mob ntawm tus neeg mob).

Pib kho cov koob tshuaj sib npaug zos mus rau 0.25-1 g. Qhov no muab faib ua 3 koob. Qog no maj mam nce ntxiv ntawm 0,125-0,75 g Ua li no los ntawm kev sib npaug zos (piv txwv li, tom qab peb hnub), tsom ntsoov rau tus neeg mob ntawm tus neeg mob, thiab txog thaum lub sij hawm uas qhov kev xav tau ntawm txoj kev kho.

Qhov ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj rau ib hnub yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj tshaj li yim grams.

Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, cov tshuaj tsis kho abruptly. Nws raug tso tseg maj mam.

Cov Kev Phom sij

Cov kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm Levodopa? Kev qhia rau kev siv hais tias tiv thaiv tom qab ntawm nws txoj kev txais tos, tus neeg muaj peev xwm paub txog tej yam tsis zoo uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm txhua lub cev kev ua haujlwm:

• Plawv system: lub plawv palpitations, arrhythmia, disturbance ntawm siab, orthostatic tshua, syncope, thiab hais txog.
• Hnyuv: raws plab, ntuav, dyspepsia, anorexia, cem quav, kev hloov nyob rau hauv saj, qhov ncauj qhuav, los ntshav los ntawm tus mob huam.

Nws kuj tseem yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias kev cuam tshuam cov teeb meem uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov hlab ntsha, cov hlab ntsha, cov hlab ntsws thiab lub hlwb tsis raug cais. Feem ntau tiv thaiv cov keeb kwm ntawm kev noj tshuaj no, muaj kev fab tshuaj, kev hloov hauv kev kuaj tsis pom thiab kev tshwm sim tsis zoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Cov kis ntawm overdose (cov tsos mob, kev kho mob)

Thaum siv cov tshuaj ntau ntxiv ntawm kev siv yeeb tshuaj, muaj kev mob loj ntxiv rau hauv cov kev mob tshwm sim. Xws li tej yam kev mob yuav tsum tau kev kho mob nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm gastric lavage, saib xyuas lub dav mob ntawm tus neeg mob thiab lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm nws lub siab. Yog tias tsim nyog, ces kev kho kev kho mob yog kho.

Tshuaj Kev Sib Thoob

Kev txais tos ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv lus nug thiab Ditilin, beta-adrenostimulators thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm uas yog npaj rau kev ua kom tsaug zog hauv lub cev, yuav ua rau lub plawv dhia ceev nrooj.

Kev lom neeg ntawm "Levodopa" tuaj yeem txo cov tshuaj tua kab mob tricyclic antidepressants.

Cov tshuaj no nrog "Tioxanthene", "Diazepam", tshuaj tiv thaiv hlwb, "Phenytoin", m-cholinergic blockers, "Clonidine", "Diphenylbutylpiperidine", "Papaverin", "Clozapine", "Phenothiazine", "Pyridoxine" thiab "Reserpine" Ntau zaus txo nws cov nyhuv antiparkinsonian.

Lithium formulations kom qhov tshwm sim ntawm tshwm sim ntawm dyskinesias thiab hallucinations, thiab "methyldopa" medicament tsub kom sab tshua.

Lub ua ke ntawm Mao inhibitors thiab "Levodopa" ua rau impaired ncig. Hauv no regard, lub interval ntawm koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj no yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 14 hnub.

Ib qho cim poob qis hauv qhov siab yog pom thaum cov tshuaj rau cov lus nug nrog "Tubokurarin".

Cov tshuaj "Metoclopramide" ua rau kom muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm "Levodopa", ua kom lub plab zom tawm. Qhov tseeb no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob.

Cov tswv yim tshwj xeeb rau kev siv cov tshuaj

Kuv yuav tsum paub dab tsi ua ntej noj cov ntsiav tshuaj Levodopa? Cov lus qhia rau kev siv (tus nqi qis hauv qab no) ceeb toom txog kev muaj mob muaj nkeeg thaum cov tshuaj raug tshem tawm.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nws tsis tuaj yeem tsis txhob txo qis dua los yog tshem tawm ntawm kev siv tshuaj, kev saib xyuas tus neeg mob tus mob yuav tsum tau ua.

Thaum noj cov tshuaj tsis pom zoo kom noj cov khoom noj uas muaj protein ntau, vim tias nws yuav pab txo qhov nqus ntawm cov khoom ua ub no.

Thaum lub sij hawm kho nws yuav tsum tau nqa tawm qhov kev saib xyuas ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ntawm ntau lub tshuab, kabmob thiab ntshav indices.

Nqe thiab qhov sib piv

Qhov ze tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj "Levodopa" yog cov tshuaj xws li "Levodopa Benserazid" thiab "Levodopa Carbidopa." Kev qhia rau kev siv qhia tias cov tshuaj no muaj tib lub cim qhia, kev phiv tshuaj, kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev tsis haum xeeb. Tsuas yog qhov txawv ntawm cov nyiaj no xwb.

Tej yam xws li tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov carbidopa txo cov dopamine hauv cov ntaub so ntswg peripheral, ua li qhov nce levodopa mus rau hauv CNS.

Yog li, nws muaj kev ruaj ntseg tau sau tseg tias cov tshuaj ntawm "Levodop Carbidopa" thiab "Levodopa Benserazid" (kev qhia ntawm kev siv cov neeg ua hauj lwm no kuj muaj nyob hauv cov pob) tsis suav cov kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv ntawm peripheral dopa decarboxylase.

Raws li lwm cov analogues, lawv muaj xws li cov tshuaj xws li "Izikom Mite", "Tremonorm", "Dopar 275", "Tidomet", "Duellin", "Sinemet", "Zimox", "Sindopa", "Izikom" , "Nakom". Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tau sau ntawv rau lawv.

Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj "Levodopa" yog heev high. Hauv cov chaw muag tshuaj, koj tuaj yeem muas cov tshuaj no li ntawm 1500-1850 rubles.

Xyuas txog cov tshuaj

Txoj kev kho ntawm txhua tus kab mob yuav tsum tau ua raws li raws li lub sij hawm teem ntawm ib tus kws kho mob paub. Thiab Parkinson tus yog tsis muaj exception.

Cov neeg mob uas tau siv cov tshuaj "Levodopa" hauv lawv tus kheej txoj kev pom zoo, thiab tsis ua tiav cov kev kho kom zoo. Yog li, feem ntau xyuas txog cov tshuaj no tsis zoo. Cov neeg qhia tias txawm nrog siv cov tshuaj tsis ntev los no, kev pom zoo pom zoo raug pom hauv lawv.

Yog tias cov tshuaj uas tau nug txog no yog ua raws li lub tswvyim uas tau tsim los ntawm ib tus kws paub txog tus kws kho mob uas ua raws li tus kabmob no, txoj kev kho mob yuav luag txhua zaus. Qhov no yog vim yog qhov tseeb tias cov tshuaj no yuav tsum tau muab coj los siv rau hauv kev siv tshuaj, uas nyob ntawm tus neeg mob tus mob, tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev mob nkeeg thiab lwm yam.

Cov neeg mob nruj heev ua raws li cov kev kho mob qhia tias tshuaj yaj yeeb "Levodopa" zoo heev hauv kev tshem tawm cov teeb meem nrog kev noj qab haus huv.

Los ntawm txoj kev, ntau tus tsis txaus siab txog tus nqi siab ntawm cov tshuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, tus kws kho mob sib cav hais tias tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj no yog qhov ncaj ncees.