Cov nqi hluav taws xob qauv - ib qho piv txwv. Cov nqi hluav taws xob qauv thiab invention: zoo sib xws thiab sib txawv. Muab ib tug patent rau nqi hluav taws xob qauv

Kuv paub hais tias muaj ntau yam ntawm koj tau hnov qhov qhia "nqi hluav taws xob qauv". Cia peb saib seb nws yog. A pab tau qauv yog xav tau lub txiaj ntsim ntawm kev txawj ntse kev ua ntawm tus neeg, ntawm nws foundations los yog invention nyob rau hauv tej technology. Raws li kev loj hlob tej zaum yuav ua tau dab tsi, piv txwv li, muaj ntau yam khoom, pab kiag li lawm, cov khoom, txoj kev, los yog dab, qhov tseeb siv los yog daim ntawv thov ntawm txhua txoj kev los yog cov khoom paub yav tas los. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nqi hluav taws xob qauv koom xwb los cov muaj vaj tse khoom. Raws li koj paub, qhov no tsab xov xwm yuav tham txog dab tsi ib tug nqi hluav taws xob qauv thiab invention, lawv zoo sib xws thiab sib txawv, tseem muaj teev ib co tseem ceeb nta ntawm lub txhaws ntawm tus qauv kom tau ib tug patent thiab thiaj li nyob. D.

Tsis zoo ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob qauv

Cov nqi hluav taws xob qauv muaj ib co drawbacks. Ib tug ntawm lawv - qhov no yog ib tug shortened lub sij hawm ntawm lub patent, uas yog tsuas yog 10 xyoo lawm. Nws yuav raug ncua, tab sis nyob rau ib tug txawm ntau tsis tseem ceeb txaus lub neej, uas yog tsuas yog 3 xyoo.

Kev txiav txim siab hais txog qhov ntaus - nws cia li yog kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob qauv. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm tej kev daws teeb meem yog muab hauv qab no. Yog hais tias lub ntsiab yog raws kev coj kom txoj kev, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas lawv yuav tsis tau tus kwv uas yog ib tug nqi hluav taws xob qauv. Qhov no yog lwm sib txawv los ntawm tam sim no tsim muaj. Cov khoom uas tsis poob nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab txhais ntawm "ntaus ntawv", kuj tsis muaj tej kev sib raug zoo mus rau lub chaw tso dej qauv. Ib tug ntawm cov tej yam kev mob ntawm patentability - novelty. Yog hais tias lub chaw tso dej qauv tsis tau raws li qhov kev, nws yuav tsis muab suav hais tias tseem ceeb. Kev loj hlob yuav tsum yog ib tug novelty, uas tseem tsis tau muaj ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tus qauv yuav tsum tau coj mus rau kev zoo tag nrho, uas yog, nws ntxiv siv yuav tsum tsis txhob txaj muag, thiab tau raws li tag nrho cov kev cai.

Yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau tus tsis muaj patent validation

Tab sis lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws drawback yog hais tias lub nqi hluav taws xob qauv patent nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws yog tsis soj ntsuam txog kev ua raws cai nrog rau cov tej yam kev mob ntawm patentability, uas nyob rau hauv lem muab sawv mus rau lub txhaum cai uas muab patent tiv thaiv los yog kev tsim txom ntawm patent cai. Tu siab, xws li mob sau npe thiab muaj ib qho chaw nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam ntawm peb lub teb chaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb tsis muaj lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej los txhim kho lawv txoj kev txiav txim kom txog thaum tus ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog nws li constructive criticism, nyob rau hauv tus, tsis muaj.

Lub ntsiab zoo ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob qauv

Nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws nws muab rau cov kev cai lij choj tiv thaiv ntawm ib tug nqi hluav taws xob qauv, uas yog, lub tswvyim tswj thiab enshrined nyob rau hauv txoj cai. A pab tau qauv yog lub intangible khoom ntawm kev txawj ntse cai uas yog zoo xws li cov invention. Tus invention - ib tug kev tshuaj, thiab cov ntsiab lus uas ob yog feem ntau tsis meej pem nrog txhua lwm yam. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nqi hluav taws xob qauv, raws li txwv mus rau tam sim no invention muaj tsis raws li nruj tej yam kev mob ntawm patentability. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, hauv daim ntawv thov rau nrhiav tau ntawm txoj cai rau ib tug nqi hluav taws xob qauv, t. E. Patent sib tham nyob rau hauv ntau simplified thiab nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm.

Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm lub chaw tso dej qauv yog qhov tseeb hais tias, lwm yam ua sib npaug zos, ib tug patent rau nqi hluav taws xob qauv yog invulnerable, thiab yog vim li cas yog hais tias muaj yog tsis muaj yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm "inventive kauj ruam". Tom qab tag nrho, lub tswvyim ntawm "nqi hluav taws xob qauv" tsawg kawg yog ib nrab mus txog rau lub invention, tab sis nws yog kiag li tej yam txawv. Lavxias teb sab cai nrog regards rau patents yuav tsis muaj cai tau muab lawv mus rau lub invention los yog nqi hluav taws xob qauv nyob rau hauv kev sib hwm ntawm cov tib kev txiav txim siab. Dhau li tsis tso cai transformation invention patent nyob rau hauv lub patent rau nqi hluav taws xob qauv, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug kev sib tw.

Txuag lub sij hawm - ib tug tseem ceeb kauj

Lwm zoo dua ntawm ib tug nqi hluav taws xob qauv - ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm. Yuav kom sau npe ib tug patent rau nqi hluav taws xob qauv, tus sau yuav tsum tau siv rau nws txog 6 lub hlis, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub invention, tag nrho cov txheej txheem yuav coj mus rau ib tug thiab ib tug ib nrab xyoo los ntawm lub hnub ntawm ntaub ntawv kom txog rau thaum lub sij hawm ntawm lub tam sim ntawd cov ntawv qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv patent nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb daim ntawv - bulletin. Qhov uas ib tug cia li nce nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm chaw ua hauj lwm yog ntau npaum li cas qis.

Nyob rau hauv Russia, ib tug nrov xyaum nyob rau tib lub sij hawm thov kev pab rau ib tug zoo xws li cov nqi hluav taws xob ua qauv thiab inventions. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias qhov no txoj kev muab ib lub sij hawm mus yuav cov patent rau kev tiv thaiv sai. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, yuav tsum nws yuav tsum tau xeem es tsis txhob ntawm lub patent rau nqi hluav taws xob qauv yuav tsum tau patent.
Ib qho tseem ceeb point: tus nqi hluav taws xob qauv muaj feem xyuam rau tus ntaus ntawv, yog kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv raws li tsab xov xwm 1351 ntawm lub Civil Code ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation. Yog hais tias tus neeg sau (tswv) muaj tej yam teeb meem muaj feem xyuam rau nws txoj kev loj hlob, cov kev tshawb fawb rau cov lus teb rau tus uas twb muaj lus nug yuav xa mus rau qhov tsab xov xwm no.

convention feem

Raws li hais saum toj no, lub ntsiab tej yam kev mob rau lub patentability ntawm nqi hluav taws xob qauv yog nws muaj daim ntawv thov thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov nrhav, piv txwv li. E. "novelty." Tus qauv yuav tsum tau kiag li cim thiab haum rau ntxiv siv. Utility qauv, ib qho piv txwv ntawm uas yog qhia, yuav ua raws li cov convention tseem ceeb. Nws yog zoo li tus tseem ceeb tshaj ntawm inventions, tab sis tseem muaj lub slightest txawv. Ib tug ntawm lawv - lub sijhawm rau xa daim ntaub ntawv rau Rospatent. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov invention, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub chaw tso dej qauv yuav tsum tau muaj inventive kauj ruam. Rau nqi hluav taws xob qauv, qhov no txog kev paub yog tsis yuav tsum tau.

Raws li txoj cai tiv thaiv ntawm nqi hluav taws xob ua qauv yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau kev txiav txim siab hais txog tsuas yog tus sab nraud yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom thiab tsim kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kom zoo nkauj. Yog li ntawd, cia peb zaum pem lub nyuag ntsiab lus: cov chaw tso ua qauv thiab kev tsim cuabyeej yog suav hais tias yog kev tshwm sim ntawm kev txawj ntse kev ua ntawm tus neeg thiab yog ib tug kev dlaws teeb meem. Cov kev sib txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus yog xwb raws li txoj cai teb. Hais tias koj tsis to taub dab tsi nqi hluav taws xob qauv ntxiv muab tej piv txwv ntawm lawv.

Piv txwv ntawm nqi hluav taws xob qauv

Yog li, lub chaw tso dej qauv. Piv txwv li - sib zog tsim, nruab opener rau npias. Qhov no nqi hluav taws xob qauv patented nyob rau hauv Kauslim, thiab txawm hais tias nws ua tsis tau tiag tiag inventive kauj ruam, no cov khoom tshiab muaj lub muaj ntsuam thiab usefulness, thiab yog li ntawd, mus rau tus neeg uas yog tus tswv ntawm cov kev ruaj ntseg daim ntawv, nws yuav coj ib tug tseem ceeb rov qab. Nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws, raws li ib qho kev xaiv, yuav ua tau txhua yam thiab kev pab kiag li lawm, lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm cov uas yog cov anti-tub sab tub nyiag feature. Qhov no daim ntawv teev tej zaum yuav muaj xws li tus tub sab alarms, radar detectors thiab lwm yam pab kiag li lawm, uas yuav pab tau tsis tsuas nyob rau hauv kev lag luam, tab sis kuj rau cov pejxeem.

Lub kuaj nqi hluav taws xob qauv tswvyim thiab nws cov hauj lwm

Ib tug tsim nyog tivthaiv ntawm lub tswvyim - qhov no IPC codes. Lawv qhia nyob rau sab xis thiab yog txiav txim los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb directory, uas yog hu ua tus "International Patent Classification". Lub npe ntawm txoj kev loj hlob txiav txim siab mus sau nyob rau hauv lub zoo tshaj. Nws yuav tsum siab tuab lub hom phiaj ntawm tus qauv, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau pom zoo nrog rau IPC.

Raws li rau lub npe ntawm cov qauv kev qhia txog ntawm khej, tsim nyob rau hauv Russia, lawv tsis tas yuav qhia. Ces, nyob rau hauv qhov kev piav qhia ntawm daim ntawv teev yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia txog cov kev kos duab uas no nqi hluav taws xob qauv yog ib yam. Ntawm no nws qhia tias cov theem ntawm technology, industrial daim ntawv thov, xws li cov nqi hluav taws xob ua qauv uas tam sim no muaj nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam, thiab prototypes. Lawm, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ua pov thawj rau uniqueness thiab cov indispensability ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, peb yuav tsum tau muab tej ntaub ntawv uas pab rau cov analogs thiab prototypes, namely lawv shortcomings, flaws thiab thiaj li nyob. Tej meej yuav tsuas muaj txiaj ntsim rau tus neeg uas xav mus sau npe nws kev loj hlob.

Qhov ntau qhov kev piav qhia, lub zoo dua

Qauv nqi hluav taws xob qauv qhia nyob ib leeg cons ntawm zoo xws li cov qauv yog heev feem ntau pom tias yuav tsis tag. Uas yog vim li cas, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, nws yog ntshaw kuj kom paub tias cov teeb meem uas cov tshiab chaw tso dej qauv yuav tiv zoo npaum li cas. Koj yuav tau sau rau ntawm lub liam kev siv ntawm cov kev tshwm sim ntawm tus qauv no, tab sis lawv yog, ntawm chav kawm, yuav tsum muaj zoo.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj txoj kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv qhov kev piav qhia ntawm ib tug seem, uas qhia rau hauv lub essence ntawm yuav ua li cas yuav khiav cov nqi hluav taws xob qauv. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm xws li ib tug hauj lwm, tab sis, theej lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws txog kev paub: nws yuav tsum tau ze li sai tau mus rau lub mis. Qhov tseem ceeb nta ntawm lawv cov kev nta thiab cov yam ntxwv yuav tsum tau rau ib tug ncauj lus kom ntxaws exposition no.

Raws li hais saum toj no, yog ib lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tej yam kev mob rau muab ib tug patent rau nqi hluav taws xob qauv yog nws muaj applicability. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj ntawm lub tswvyim, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los mus ua txoj kev loj hlob cim asterisk tso ntawm conformity tej yam kev mob ntawm patentability.

Kev mob ntawm lub chaw tso dej qauv

Nyob rau hauv no qhov teeb meem, rau txhua qho kev cov ntaub ntawv uas koj yuav tsum qhia kom meej tag nrho cov saum toj no piav qhia. Nws kuj muaj xws li thoob ntiaj teb patent kev faib tawm, cov pros / cons ntawm cov qauv, thiab lwm yam Nws yog yuav hais tias ib co ntawm cov lus piav qhia yog pheej rov qab ua los yog kev lig kev cai teev - .. Nws yog permissible thiab tsis txhaum txoj cai. Cov seem yuav tsum piav me ntsis txog lub drawings thiab muab ib daim ntawv teev cov nuj nqis (tseem nrog piav). Ntau yam graphical khoom muaj mus rau npe raws li "nrhiav". Kev mob ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob qauv yuav tsum tau muab nyob rau hauv lub subclaims.

Ua raws li cov nqi hluav taws xob qauv

Nyob rau hauv seem no, koj yuav tsum muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm yuav ua li cas loj hlob muaj peev xwm muab los siv thiab muab tso rau hauv kev xyaum tshaj nws tej zaum yuav pab tau rau ib tug neeg. Feem ntau cov kev qhia txog muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo li qub lub xeev ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob qauv thiab qhia cov piv txwv ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm uas yuav tsum tau muab nyob rau hauv cov hom ntawv thiab raws li ncauj lus kom ntxaws piav txog qhov no los yog hais tias lub caij uas tus qauv. Yog hais tias qhov kev piav qhia ntawm kev loj hlob los yog lub mis li tau teev ntaub ntawv txog cov kev txwv los yog hom twg ntawm tej parameter, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog tsim nyog los muab lawv cov kabke, uas yog, mus nrhiav pov thawj cov kev ntaus ntawv qhia tias cov piv txwv.