Calcium phosphate

Tribasic phosphoric acid ntaub ntawv nrog peb hom calcium ntsev. Qhov no calcium hydrogen phosphate CaHPO4, calcium dihydrogen phosphate Ca (H2PO4) 2 thiab orthophosphate, los yog poov hlau phosphate, uas nws mis yog muab los ntawm: Ca3 (PO4) 2. Qhov no ntsev yog ib tug inorganic yeeb tshuaj, nyob rau hauv tus qauv tej yam kev mob yog ib tug khoom, thiab cov kua dhau mus (melts) nyob rau hauv ib tug kub ntawm 1200 C. Lub ceev sib npaug zos rau 2,81 g / cm³, lub hniav puas loj - 310,2 g / tus nas. Calcium phosphate yog tsis zoo soluble nyob rau hauv dej: nyob rau hauv 20 ° C rau hauv lub loj feem ntawm nws tsis pub tshaj 0,0025%. Tsis zoo li ntau lwm yam tebchaw, cov theem ntawm nws solubility txo nrog ua kub. Yog li, nyob rau hauv cov cua kub no ntsev yog tau tsim deposits.

Calcium phosphate yog ib tug dawb crystalline tshuaj uas yog ib feem ntawm lub apatite minerals (belongs rau lub chav kawm ntawv ntawm phosphates muaj txog li 56% Cao thiab txog 41% P2O5), phosphorite (fibrous los yog tuab los ua ke ntawm apatite muaj ntau tshaj li 18% P2O5) thiab hydroxyapatite (lub ntsiab tivthaiv ntawm tib neeg thiab tsiaj cov pob txha). Peb ua pov thawj rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm ib co deposits ntawm quav los yog cov tsiaj tuag. Lwm yam teb (eg, nyob rau hauv lub ancient seas) tsim raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm lub neej "fosforobaktery". Tab sis nyob rau hauv ib co chaw, tso ntawm no mineral yog purely mineral keeb kwm. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog dav faib nyob rau hauv qhov thiab yog siv nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws kev khwv nyiaj txiag.

Apatite yog ib tug raw khoom rau phosphorus, phosphate chiv thiab phosphoric acid, raws li zoo raws li siv nyob rau hauv ferrous thiab nonferrous metallurgy nyob rau hauv qhuav ntawm cov iav thiab tej hub. Ntuj minerals yog phosphate cov pob zeb ntawm txawv keeb kwm, tab sis ntau sedimentary, lawv yog siv rau ntxiv kev pab txhawb ntxiv thiab zus tau tej cov phosphate chiv. Stocks phosphorites thiab apatites yog tseem ceeb heev rau ua liaj ua teb, txij thaum tsis tau tsuas yog siv los tsim chiv, tab sis kuj raws li ib tug calcium qhov chaw rau pub mis noog los yog tsiaj: fodder poov hlau phosphate ua nyob rau hauv raws li GOST 23999-80.

Mineral inorganic - apatite - yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau tshaj nees nkaum raug dab. Nws siv nyob rau hauv qhuav ntawm ntxhib no los txhuam, iav thiab ceramics, raws li zoo raws li rau cov dawb phosphoric acid thiab phosphorus. Cov txheej txheem tau nyaij raws li lub tswvyim: 3SiO2 + Ca3 (PO4) 2 + 5C → 3CaSiO3 + 5CO + 2P. Qhov no tshuaj yog tseem thov nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov kev lag luam: muaj raws li ib tug khoom noj khoom haus additive E341 raws li GOST P 53945-2010, nyob qhov twg, nrog rau 1- thiab 2-pawg ntsev ntawm phosphoric acid xws li calcium phosphate. Qhov npaj ntawm cov khoom no yuav stringent uas yuav tsum tau rau cov feedstock. Nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov zaub mov additives siv acid phosphoric qib A nyob rau hauv raws li GOST 10678-76, calcium hydroxide raws li GOST 9262-77 thiab sib precipitated cwj mem av dawb raws li GOST 8253-79.

Mineral muaj calcium phosphate, plays ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev. Hydroxyapatite yuav sawv cev los ntawm cov mis 3Sa3 (PO4) 3 • Ca (OH) 2. Nws yog lub ntsiab tivthaiv ntawm lub tsev cov ntaub ntawv thiab tib neeg cov pob txha. Qhov no mineral ib feem ntawm tus txha hniav laus nyob rau hauv daim ntawv fluorapatite. Lub sij hawm yuav tsum tau loj thiab phosphorus nyob rau hauv cov ntau los ntawm 800 mus rau 1500 mg. Thaum lub sij hawm metabolism ntawm phosphorus tebchaw nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev teb daim siab thiab tswj tus txheej txheem no cov tshuaj hormones thiab vitamin D. Ntau cov kab mob ntawm cov pob txha thiab cov hniav tsim nrog ib tug tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm phosphorus nyob rau hauv lub cev. calcium phosphate los ntawm cov zaub mov, ntxiv zog rau cov hniav thiab cov pob txha, thiab nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog nrog rau lwm cov zaub mov txhawb cov hlab plawv system, tiv thaiv cov nyuv mob cancer, tswj paj muaj nuj nqi, muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm collagen, pab txo cov roj cholesterol. Lub phosphates yog muab tau los ntawm cov quav, thiab zis txhua txhua hnub tso hais txog 4 g ntawm phosphoric acid ntsev.

Lub ntsiab qhov chaw ntawm calcium phosphate rau tib neeg - nyuj lub mis nyuj thiab khoom muab mis nyuj, cereals, fortified kua, cheese, tshis lub mis nyuj, salmon, sardines thiab anchovies. Yog tsis zoo soluble nyob rau hauv dej yog calcium phosphate nyob rau hauv ib tug siab concentration hauv cov mis nyuj, txij li thaum muaj ib tug colloidal system nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov micelles - hais ntawm heev me me insoluble tub ntxhais, uas yog surrounded los ntawm kuab molecules thiab adsorbed ions. Muaj nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj casein, precisely ntau, calcium caseinate, uas koom rau phosphoproteins, txij li thaum nws muaj ib tug phosphate pab pawg neeg. Txawm li cas los, kws txawj pom zoo kom tsis txhob muaj ib tug dhau heev lawm ntawm calcium phosphate, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm fortified cov zaub mov thiab cov tshuaj, yog tias ib tug neeg muaj tog twg los ntawm cov nram qab no cov kab mob: parathyroid, raum pob zeb los yog thaum lub sij hawm tu ncua kev kho mob muaj tetracycline tshuaj tua kab mob.