Bacillus - ib tug pas nrig-zoo li tus kab mob

Cov kab mob - me me kab, me me, uas yog tsis pom mus rau tus liab qab qhov muag. Lawv kuj tsis yog tas los ntawm lub plhaub ntawm lub nucleus. Tej kab ntawd los niaj hnub science yog ntau tshaj li 3,000 hom, cov uas nyob ib tug loj ya ntawm lub bacilli. Bacillus - ib tug pas nrig-zoo li tus kab mob. Thiab nws lub npe yog ncaj qha indicative ntawm cov tsos (Latin: bacillum - stick). Cov kab mob no muaj tau hu ua ib tug German tus paub txog V. Kohn rau hauv cov duab, li ib tug stick.

genus ntawm cov kab mob

Yuav ua li cas yog meant by bacteriology kaus sij hawm "Bacillus"? Qhov no yog heev uas nws kim heev genus ntawm gram-zoo kab mob yam ntxwv zoo. Thiab thawj ntawm tag nrho cov, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus li, lawv muab lub peev xwm ua noob intracellular pab rau yug me nyuam thiab kev txuag ntawm lub tsiaj nyob rau hauv cov nyom tej yam kev mob. Tsis yog txhua txhua, tab sis ib txhia ntawm cov kab mob ua rau tus kab mob thiab tshuaj lom kab mob nyob rau hauv tib neeg thiab, yog li ntawd, yog pathogenic (ntxiv txog lawv piav hauv qab no). Thiab ntau yam ntawm cov kab mob - saprophytes, mas nyob rau hauv cov av.

Pa kev faib

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias "cov kab mob Bacillus" - es cov pa cais. Niaj hnub no nws yog siv nyob rau hauv microbiology tsis tshua muaj. Qhov no convention yog qhov tseeb hais tias daim ntawv ntawm bacilli raug ntawm ntau cov kab mob (tsuas yog rau cocci muaj ib puag ncig), thiab ntau ntau yam kab mob tsiag ntawv los ntawm lawv cov tsos raws li ib tug wand. Tab sis nws yog tseem tau mus txog tej tseem ceeb cov yam ntxwv generalizing yog txivneej los pojniam.

Ntsiab nta

1. Feem ntau ntawm cov bacilli - saprophytes. Lawv hloov lub organics rau inorganic tebchaw raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm txoj kev.
2. Kam rau oxygen. Rau lawv nws yog tsis yog ib tug tshuaj lom, thiab muaj coob tus neeg siv nws rau kev ua pa (aerobic).
3. Bacillus ua lawv tseem ceeb heev functions vim tshuaj tshua.
4. Cov kab mob no thiab mobile zog yog ua los ntawm txoj kev flagella.
5. Virulence: muaj ntau cov kab mob ua rau tus kab mob nyob rau hauv tib neeg.

koom haum ua teb

Muaj ntau ntawm cov pas nrig-zoo li tus bacilli yog grouped rau hauv ob peb lub hlwb.

• Diplobatsilla - khub lub koom haum, ua ke ob kab mob hlwb.
• Streptobatsilla - saw, qhov twg ob peb lub hlwb ua ke rau hauv ib lub pab pawg neeg. Yog li, piv txwv li, lub anthrax Bacillus yog ntev heev, raws li winding strands, cov saw hlau koom haum ua teb.

kev tsis sib haum

Bacillus - ib tug kab mob uas muaj peev xwm ntawm txoj kev noob. Qhov no spore tsim tej zaum yuav yog ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau pom tseeb tej yam tshwm sim rau kev sib faib. Ntxiv mus, lub zoo hloov ntawm txoj hauj lwm ntawm bacilli cov noob pwm nyob tus kab mob ntawm tes. Nyob rau hauv tetanus Bacillus, piv txwv li, kev tsis sib haum slipping mus rau hauv lub kawg ntawm lub cell, muab nws ib tug zoo ntawm lub nruas nrog (clostridia). Thiab butyric bacilli - nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub cell, thiaj li muab lawv ib tug ntxaiv zoo (plektridii).

Kab mob noob yog paub los ntawm zaum cov feem ntau enduring chaw ntawm tag nrho lub neej ntaub ntawv nyob rau ntiaj chaw lub ntiaj teb. Characteristically, tus so muaj tsis muaj tsis ntseeg metabolism. Lawv yog cov resistant rau chav, kom qhuav, tawg, tsis muaj oxygen, acids. Thaum so, cov nqe lus yog heev ruaj. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov yeej nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb. Yog hais tias paaj tej yam kev mob tshwm sim, tus sib cav tswv yim ces kom sai li cas rau lawv ib puag ncig thiab yuav ciaj sia, resuming muaj zog txoj kev loj hlob.

Piv txwv ntawm pathogenic bacilli

• Bacillus anthracis - lub causative tus neeg saib xyuas ntawm anthrax. Pathogenicity ntaus nqi mus rau lub thib ob pab pawg neeg.
• Bacillus cereus - lub causative tus neeg saib xyuas ntawm cov zaub mov lom kab mob nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm ib tug neeg.
• Bordetella pertussis - yog pom nyob rau hauv lub ntsws, nws ua rau hnoos.
• Koch lub Bacillus - ib tug ua ntawm tus kab mob ntsws kab mob thiab kab mob.
• Tetanus Bacillus - causative tus neeg saib xyuas ntawm tetanus.

Tab sis tsis yog txhua txhua kab mob muaj teeb meem. Niaj hnub nimno science kawm tau mus siv lawv cov zoo qualities. Ib txhia cov kab mob yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau lawm producers ntawm protease thiab amylase. Ib tug toxins los ntawm lawv, yog siv raws li tshuaj tua kab rau cov qoob loo tiv thaiv.