Analogy - yog dab tsi? analog txoj kev

Muaj ntau txoj kev los mus tsim thawj kev xav thiab tswv yim hnub no nyob rau hauv kev thov nyob rau hauv ntau yam spheres ntawm lub neej. Nrog lawv pab, lub hau ntawm loj cov koom haum kom ua hauj lwm zoo efficiency nyob rau hauv ib tug heev kev sib tw thiab muaj tswv yim pab pawg tsim kho lub zus tau tej cov unconventional txoj kev lag luam.

Analogy - yog dab tsi? Ib qho ntawm ntau txoj hau kev los siv ib qho txawv mus kom ze rau kev daws qhov teeb meem. Nws peculiarity yog lub hav zoov ntawm cov tau siv ob peb txoj kev, lub totality ntawm uas ho nthuav cov kev tshawb fawb tau ntawm cov thawj lo lus teb rau ib tug tsis tseem ceeb teeb meem.

analogy txoj kev: lub hom phiaj, thiab lub hom phiaj xwm

Lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev no yog hais tias cov nyiaj pab ntau tshaj "acceleration" kev xav, ua ke nrog ib tug txo nyob rau hauv tus ntawm puas siab puas ntsws inertia. Nws yog ua tau mus nrhiav ib tug thawj daws mus rau qhov teeb meem.

zoo xws li cov qauv no yog siv los nrhiav cov uas tsis yog-tus qauv terminals nyob rau hauv ntau yam spheres ntawm tib neeg kev ua si. Nws systematic siv tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov kev tshawb xav ntawm kev zoo sib thooj, uas yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv lub simulation.

Kev siv ntawm analogies - nws yog ib qho ntawm ntau universal txoj kev, uas mobilizes txawj ntse pab kom tau raws li txoj kev sib tw ntawm cov muaj tswv yim xwm thiab cov kev tshawb fawb rau cov tshiab cov tswv yim.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub essence ntawm no txoj kev? Lub analogy yog siv los ntxias lub hlwb mus txawv xav txog dab tsi, tab sis nws tsis teb cov lus nug ntawm cov correctness ntawm cov kev xav.

Synectics rau ib co raws li ua rau cov txawv txawv tej yam uas paub thiab nrog rau cov kev pab los ntawm dab tsi nws pom zoo sib xws tso cai kom daws tau qhov teeb meem yog ib tug twb tau lub npe hu yam, thiab vice versa: ua tus paub txawv txawv yam, muab lub sij hawm mus saib cov teeb meem los ntawm ib tug tshiab foundations, uas yog feem ntau sim mus tshiab thiab thawj cov ntsiab.

Yuav ua li cas yog qhov kev txiav txim txoj kev npaj?

Lub tswvyim ntawm "kev zoo sib thooj" xws li muaj plaub yooj yim cov hom ntawm cov kev los daws teeb meem: direct, cim, subjective thiab zoo heev analogy, txhua tus uas npog lub yaam puab paub thiab kev xav ntawm cov neeg.

Txhua yam ntawm cov hom muaj nws cov kev cai rau kev nrhiav analogies.

Lawv ua ntau pom meej yog hais tias peb ua kom paub cov nram qab no kev faib:

• Direct - tiag tiag.
• Leb - abstract.
• Subjective - corporal.
• Zoo heev - tsis muaj.

Tej yam yooj yim analogies txhais li cas tso zis, thaum lub sij hawm uas nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm kev zoo sib thooj ntawm ob yam khoom nyob rau hauv ib tug yam ntxwv yog lawv zoo sib xws thiab lwm tus neeg. Lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv lub cais ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kawm. Sophisticated analogy - qhov no cov lus xaus no yog ua los raws li nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog cov nta ntawm ntau cov khoom ntawm inference.

hom ntawm analogies

Yog li, lub analogy - yog dab tsi? Qhov no txoj kev synectics. Ib qho ntawm feem ntau txoj kev ua tib neeg tswv yim zoo txhim, uas koj yuav kov yeej npaj qauv. Qhov no yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub thaj chaw ntawm lub paj hlwb mus nrhiav kom tau associative mus ntawm cov khoom, cov lus, kev xav, cwj pwm txawv, cov tswv yim, kev paub thiab kev xav.

W. Gordon - tus sau ntawm no txoj kev - xeeb nws raws li ib tug ntawm cov ntau ntau yam ntawm collective kev tawm tswv yim thiab muaj tswv yim daws teeb meem, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv splendid rho tawm.

Direct, zoo heev, tus kheej thiab subjective analogy. Yuav ua li cas yog nws? Cov no yog cov ntsiab hom uas muaj tswv yim dlaws teeb meem kev kawm. Cia peb xav txog txhua ntawm lawv.

Direct analogy

Mus ua hauj lwm nrog no zoo synectics yuav tsum nrhiav tau ib tug zoo xws li cov tshuaj ntawm qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv lwm qhov chaw ntawm tib neeg lub neej: lub neej, kev lag luam, xwm, science, ua lag ua luam, thiab lwm yam Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub advertising ntawm Vuam khoom, lub ntsiab yam ntxwv uas - kev kub ceev, siv lub analogy nrog ib tug tshuab xaws.

leb analogy

Cov kev yuav nws lub cim analogy ntawm tag nrho cov koj cov tswv yim paub tab nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub cim los yog qhia uas ntes essence ntawm koj qhov teeb meem. Qhov no yuav ua tau ib yam ntawm cov piv txwv qhia, ib txoj kev paub. Feem ntau cov tseem ceeb - raws li qhov tseeb thiab concisely qhia lub essence ntawm cov teeb meem uas yuav tsum tau daws. Qhov yooj yim piv txwv: ice cream - nws yog qab zib dej khov.

zoo heev analogy

Yuav kom thov ib tug zoo heev analogy rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev daws rau ib tug muaj tswv yim ua hauj lwm, koj yuav tsum muab tso rau nws nyob rau hauv ib tug uas tsis yog-existent, tsis muaj ib puag ncig. Ib tug yuav li siv ib tug zoo heev txheej txheem antiheroes los yog cov cim.

Tej los yog subjective analogy

Nyob rau hauv ua ntawv thov cov qauv ntawm cov subjective los yog tus kheej analogy yuav tsum xa nws tus kheej kev kawm (los yog ib feem ntawd) los yog muaj tswv yim caij solved qhov teeb meem. Lub essence ntawm no txoj kev ntawm searching rau ib tug tshiab lub tswv yim yog kom tau ib tug xav kom ua li cas xaiv yam khoom muaj feem xyuam rau cov ib puag ncig, thiab cov ib puag ncig - ib tug kwv.

Siv cov kev faib ntawm analogy: lub subtleties ntawm Synectics

Yuav ua li cas mus thov no txoj kev ntawm kev dlaws teeb meem? Siv cov kev faib ntawm analogy - nws yog ib tug zoo-paub txoj kev tsim cov tswv yim tshiab, txawm li cas los, raws li nrog rau tej technology, nws muaj nws tus yam ntxwv, peb paub hais tias koj yuav tsum tau siv nws ntau nraaj. Synectics ua hauj lwm pab raws li ib tug yooj yooj yim thiab pab tau lub hom phiaj: tau lub pob dov thiab pib generating cov tswv yim. Nws muab ib tug boost, uas yog tsim nyog los mus kov yeej tus quab yuam ntawm attraction ntawm txhua hnub kev muaj tiag thiab mus ua txhaum mus rau hauv kev txom thiab fascinating lub ntiaj teb no ntawm tus tau.

Ntawm no yog cov feem ntau tsim muaj tswv yim dlaws teeb meem tswvyim.

1. Raws li kom meej meej qhia kom meej qhov teeb meem yuav tsum tau solved. Lub chaw ua hauj lwm yog ib txwm tsim nyog los pib nrog cov kauj ruam no, vim hais tias tsis muaj nws, 90% ntawm tag nrho cov ntxiv tej yam ua yuav tsum tau qhia nyob rau hauv lub yuam kev. Yog li ntawd, qhia kom meej neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm kev sau ntawv. Dag zog siv rau kho dab tsi koj xav tau nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm yuav tau them tawm ntau zaus lawm.
2. Nrog kev xav txog txoj kev loj hlob cov hom phiaj teem series ntawm cov lus nug ntawm lub hom "Yog hais tias ..., ces dab tsi?" Rau cov feem ntau yooj yim ntsiab. Piv txwv li: yog hais tias tus khau, ces zoo li cas? Yog hais tias tibneeg hu tauj coob, yog dab tsi? Yog hais tias ib tug fairy taleas, ces zoo li cas? Yog hais tias lub song yog, yog dab tsi? Yog hais tias phau ntawv no, yog dab tsi? Tsis txhob hnov qab mus teb lawv. Yog li, thawj zaug set yuav generated rau tsav lub koom haum.
3. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej koj yuav tau ua - yog xaiv ob los yog peb analogies uas zoo li koj tshaj interesting thiab lwm yam li ib co txheej txheem.
4. Tam sim no, nrog txhua yam ntawm lawv qhib dab uas underlie cov thawj qhov teeb meem. Yuav kom qhov no kawg, ib daim ntawv ntawm daim ntawv faib ua ob kem. Rau sab laug kem yuav muaj ib tug piav qhia ntawm cov txheej txheem uas yog txuam nrog rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm analogy, thiab txoj cai - tus dab txuam nrog koj qhov teeb meem.
5. Kauj ruam tom ntej - nrhiav tau cov zoo sib xws thiab parallels ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov laug thiab txoj hais lus. Xav txog seb koj yuav siv lub resulting sib piv nrog rau cov aim kev daws qhov teeb meem. Tag nrho cov neeg pab leg ntaubntawv kho cov tswv yim ntawm daim ntawv.
6. Xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws tswv yim thiab koom lawv finalization.

Qhov ntawd yog qhov tseem algorithm ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov piv txwv. Cov kev vam meej ntawm kev dlaws teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub pib xaiv ntawm cov neeg muaj kev vam meej kev xaiv ntawm koom haum ua teb, muaj peev xwm pom lub ntuj txheej txheem ntawm koj emancipation thaum tsim cov tswv yim. Ib me ntsis me ntsis ntawm lub zog - thiab cov kev tshwm sim yuav tshaj tag nrho cov koj xav tau.

zoo xws li cov txoj kev yuav siv tau ntse nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov chaw uas yuav tsum tau ib tug tshiab saib zoo tib yam yam.

Synectics: pros thiab cons

Analogy - yog dab tsi? Ib qho ntawm feem nrov txoj kev tawm tswv yim. Xav txog nws zoo thiab tsis zoo.

Synectics virtues pw nyob rau hauv nws cov efficiency, versatility, nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rau lwm cov muaj lwm txoj kev ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm paub daws teeb xav. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws undoubted kom zoo dua yog los txhim kho tus neeg tus yeeb yam zoo, cov uas lub tswv yim thiab kev xav. Cov kev analogies - nws yog ib tug zoo txoj kev uas yuav qhib lub hlwb kev ua si, uas yuav muaj ib qho tseem ceeb soj ntsuam ntawm qhov kev npaj ntawm cov kev tshwm sim, thiab qhov no nyob rau hauv lem pab txoj kev zoo ntawm kev ua hauj lwm.

Ntawm cov shortcomings synectics ceeb, tej zaum, yog nws tsis yooj, txawm lub fact tias cov mechanisms thiab cov cuab yeej ntawm cov txheej txheem no zoo li yooj yim txaus. Lub koom haum analogy txoj kev rau ib tug kws theem - nws yog ib tug complex nyuab.