Alexander Rodchenko: Lub neej thiab ua hauj lwm

Aleksandr Mihalovich Rodchenko, constructivist thiab designer, tau siv nws lub tag nrho neeg laus lub neej nyob rau hauv ib tug muaj tswv yim nrhiav. Nws tsis tau yeej ib txwm nrhiav kev nkag siab los ntawm lub xeev, thiab ces nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm advancing lub stagnation, tab sis nyob rau lub plawv - longing. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog no cim kawg xyoo ntawm nws lub neej.

Childhood thiab tiav hluas

Nyob rau hauv ib tsev neeg ntawm theatrical khoom thiab washerwomen nyob rau hauv 1891, ib tug tub, Alexander. Kaum ib xyoos tom qab, lawv tsiv mus Kazan. Muaj Rodchenko kawm tiav los ntawm elementary parish lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv 1905. Cov niam txiv ua npau suav hais tias nws tus tub kawm thiab ua ib tug kws kho hniav ti teg taw - Tshwj xeeb Muab tus txiv neej thiab tus hluas xav kos. Los ntawm 20 xyoo thiab mus txog rau lub ntiaj teb ua ntej ua tsov ua rog nws tau plaub lub xyoos nyob rau hauv lub Kazan kos duab lub tsev kawm ntawv, qhov chaw uas nws tau ntsib nrog Varey Stepanovoy, uas yuav ces tus phooj ywg thiab pab pawg phooj ywg rau lub neej. Tab sis nyob rau hauv 1914 nws nais tau sau tseg rau hauv cov tub rog thiab xa mus rau lub Moscow koog tsev kawm ntawv sawv daws, qhov uas nws tswj lub tsev kho mob lub tsheb ciav hlau ua liaj ua teb.

Moscow

Txij li thaum 1916, Alexander Rodchenko pib xyaum ua tej yam nrog painting thiab koom nyob rau hauv exhibitions V. Tatlin, nyob rau hauv uas nws exhibits nws avant-garde painting. Koj muaj peev xwm muaj ntau cwj pwm mus rau lub avant-garde. Nyob rau hauv cov tej hauj lwm, ib tug neeg yuav nrhiav tau ib tug ntxaum lub ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub invention ntawm tshiab cov ntaub ntawv, vim hais tias ntawm ib yam dab tsi xav tias artist, tsim paintings. Alexander Rodchenko pom lawv muaj tswv yim npaaj raws li ib tug kev tshawb fawb txoj kev. Tom qab tag nrho, nws sau tau cov kev pab cuam, uas kaw lawv cov kev ntseeg. Nyob rau hauv films tsim los ntawm geometric duab, sim kom paub tias cov qhov tob thiab zoo ntawm lub chaw hais.

Organizational kev ua si nyob rau hauv Moscow

Nyob rau hauv 1917, qhov nyuab tsim ib lub lag luam union. Alexander Rodchenko - heev tsim txiv neej, nws yog 26 xyoo, nws yog tag nrho ntawm lub zog thiab, raws li ib tug luam union secretary, yog muab rau lub koom haum ntawm lub neej ntawm cov tub ntxhais ua yeeb yam. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm cov cafe "Pittoresk", thiab kuj ua hauj lwm pab raws li tus neeg Commissariat.

creation

Mayakovsky "Hais txog ntawd" Phau ntawv no yog luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1923. Yuav kom nws Rodchenko tsim ib tug ci ntsa iab lus piv txwv. Collages muaj portraits ntawm tus tsim thiab nws tus hlub Lily Brik. Cov phau ntawv yog ambiguously ntaus nqi los ntawm contemporaries. Ua nce qhib siab dawb paug ua yeeb yam. Piv txwv li, Lunacharsky twb zoo siab nrog cov paj huam, tab sis nws sau npe reacted sceptically, nyob deb heev ua ntej yog cov ua hauj lwm ntawm Rodchenko. Phau ntawv no yog ib tug continuation ntawm lawv ob leeg tsim ua hauj lwm rau lub zog. Nyob rau hauv lub 20 lub daim ntawv loj loj lus tau hloov dramatically - tau ua tsis tshua muaj neeg catchy, cos, tuav. Los ntawm cov Western European, nws differed sharply nrog lawv txoj kev cov ntaub ntawv. Mayakovsky thiab Rodchenko nyob rau hauv tandem tsim nyob rau hauv 23-25 xyoo nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm constructive kev nom kev tswv phiaj los nqis tes zog. Thaum lub sij hawm luv luv no lub sij hawm, peb twb tau tsim kom lis ob peb hu nyob rau hauv Mosselprom, cov uas lub feem ntau mas yog cov "pheej yig khob cij" thiab "Tsis muaj ib nqai tsuas yog ..." thiab sóski Rezinotresta advertising ntawm cov pos hniav. Dhau li catchy ntawv lawv zoo yeeb yam zoo hom kev kawm: tej yam yooj yim contrasting qaim xim, coj txawv txawv ces kaum. Thiab kuj siv tau cov qaij, ntsug thiab kab rov tav kab, fonts ntawm txawv ntau thiab tsawg. Tag nrho cov noj ua ke yuav tsis tab sis nyiam mloog thiab hais tau.

Tshiab art daim ntawv

Ntawd qhia cov nram qab no seb ntawm cov txuj ci ntawm no txawv tshaj plaw txiv neej - lub kos duab ntawm photography. Alexander Rodchenko twb ntsib qhov yuav tsum tau mus yees duab lawv theatrical ua hauj lwm. Yuav ua li cas amazing tswv yim cia li gush nyob rau hauv lub 20s. Cov lus nug tshwm sim: Thaum twg nws muaj sij hawm los siv tag nrho lawv? Kuv ua hauj lwm, los yog dab tsi, 24 teev? Yuav kom nrhiav tau ib yam tshiab ntawm kev kos duab, nws yog tag nrho cov fervor tau muab rau nws. Nws ntes tau lub sij hawm ntawm lub neej nyob qhov twg thiab tsim masterpieces. Nws yees duab cov neeg thiab tej khoom siv los ntawm txawv txawv cov ntsiab lus, kev noj lub ces kaum ntawm lub kaum sab xis yees duab los ntawm saum toj no thiab hauv qab no, tsim portraits. Lawv shooting thiab pavilions, thiab nyob rau hauv txoj kev thiab nyob rau hauv lub countryside.

Nyob rau hauv lub 30s Rodchenko them bourgeoisness rau filming pioneer uas thiav rau hauv lub raj. Tab sis nws txuas ntxiv mus ua hauj lwm, tsis kho mus yuav tsum ntawm cov tub ceev xwm. Cov ntaub ntawv twb nrog lub fact tias nyob rau hauv '51 nws tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub Union ntawm Artists. Nws yog ib tug maub lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv nws lub neej thiab nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm nws tus poj niam Varvara Stepanova. Tiam sis tag nrho twb tswm tom qab Stalin tuag, thiab nyob rau hauv 54, Rodchenko txum tim rov qab nyob rau hauv lub Cov Qib ntawm kev ntxias. Ob xyoos tom qab, nyob rau hauv 1956, Rodchenko tuag. Nws yog 64 xyoo.

Tab sis nws ua li ntawd tias nws archives muaj mus ntxiv los mus tshawb nrhiav thiab ua ib tug yees duab exhibition ntawm nws tej hauj lwm, raws li lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam lub sij hawm thiab tsis tau poob artistic qhia.