Yuav ua li cas yog tus yam ntxwv mis ntawm isoprene

Yuav ua li cas yog isoprene? Cov kev mis ntawm lub compound lub luag hauj lwm homologous series diene hydrocarbons, muaj ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg CnH2n-2. Peb tsom xam ib co kev ntawm kev npaj ntawm cov tshuaj tebchaw, thiab paub qhov yooj yim uas thereof.

Qhia qhov tseemceeb txog ntawm lub cev muaj zog

Peb sau cov yooj yim lub cev thaj chaw ntawm lub isoprene. Qhov no diene hydrocarbon -toxic, muaj negligible solubility nyob rau hauv cov dej. High ntau ntawm cov tshuaj no muaj narcotic nyhuv. Qhov siab tshaj plaws pub concentration, txawm rau tib neeg, yog xav tau 40 mg / cm ^3. Nrog ib qho kev nce nyob rau hauv qhov ntsuas no yog 2-isoprene-1.3 muaj ib tug tsis zoo feem nyob rau hauv tib psyche. Nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob, lub tshuaj yog ib tug tsis muaj kob volatile kua muaj ib tug uas tsis muaj kub point.

Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tshuaj zog

Yuav ua li cas characterizes lub yam ntxwv mis ntawm isoprene? ob tug ob bonds yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv nyob tus yeees ntawm cov organic compound. Lawv tuab qhov yooj yim tshuaj cov kev sib tshuam uas tus neeg sawv cev diene tebchaw nrog rau lwm cov organic thiab inorganic tshuaj. Isoprene yog heev yooj yim oxidized nyob rau hauv cov huab cua oxygen, nyob rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov khoom uas peroxides.

polymerization

Yuav tsum nyob rau hauv lub polymerization ntawm isoprene? Cov kev mis ntawm cov chav kawm ntawv uas tus hydrocarbon muaj rau hauv daim CnH2n-2. Ib yam li lwm cov tswv cuab ntawm homologous series ntawm 1,3-butadiene, isoprene muaj peev xwm ntawm txoj kev ua ib siab-molecular compound.

Nyob rau hauv nqa tawm lub polymerization ntawm tus tsim ntawm cis thiab trans polyisoprene, uas yog analogues ntawm tej yam ntuj tso roj hmab.

Kev npaj ntawm tej yam ntuj tso roj hmab

Yuav ua li cas isoprene? Lub tshua uas tshwm sim nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nrog cov conversion ntawm lub isoprene monomer nyob rau hauv lub polymer - polyisoprene. Rau kev rho tawm ntawm tej yam ntuj tso roj hmab muaj ib tug qauv zoo li 2-1,3-metilbutadienom, thov latex ntawm cov teb chaws sov ntoo.

Cov uas ua kua txiv twb raug mus rau ib tug vulcanization kev kho mob uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov leej faj chloride. Nyob rau hauv no tshuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv roj hmab absorbs ib co leej faj, kis plasticity, elasticity. Lub polymerization khoom yog ruaj khov rau kub, txhoj puab heev tshuaj. Cov yam ntxwv mis ntawm isoprene piav txog cov khiav cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov vulcanization txheej txheem.

Yog hais tias qhov no tshuaj sis coj cov leej faj nyob rau hauv lub chav 25 rau 40 feem pua, yuav tau ebony. Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas tau siab zog, yog siv raws li ib qho zoo heev insulating cov ntaub ntawv uas. Cov yam ntxwv mis ntawm isoprene, uas tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov leej faj, muaj tsis muaj ob chav bonds. Nws piav txog cov khoom qauv thiab nws cov neeg kho tshuab zog.

Polyisoprene rubbers nrhiav tau tag nrho polymers siv nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua aircraft, lub tsheb, lub tsheb kauj vab lag thiab log tsheb.

Yuav ua li cas lwm tus muaj peev xwm qhia rau cov yam ntxwv mis isoprene? Nws muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm tsis tas li ntawd cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm lub ob bonds nrog molecules galogenovdorodov, halogens, hydrogen, dej. Cov tshua pov thawj isoprene teej tug mus rau ib tug hauv chav kawm ntawv ntawm unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Txoj kev rau cov muaj kev npaj ntawm

Muaj ob peb txoj kev uas muaj zus tau tej cov isoprene. Piv txwv li, los ntawm reacting acetylene nrog acetone cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsim ntawm intermediate metibutinola. Tom qab nws hydrogenation, ua raws li los ntawm lub cev qhuav dej ntawm ua isoprene. Nws yog tseem tau mus nrhiav tau 2-methylbutadiene-1,3 propylene. Nyob rau hauv lub xaiv ntawm catalysts yuav muab ntxiv raws li ntxiv yam yuav tau txais methane.

Kev siv cov isoprene

Lub ib thooj ntawm cov ua isoprene yog siv rau cov synthesis ntawm isoprene roj hmab. Nws yog lub cev thiab tshuaj cov yam ntxwv yog yuav luag zoo tib yam rau tej yam ntuj tso cov ntaub ntawv. Ntxiv daim ntaub ntawv ntawm lub tiav lawm high-molecular compound hu ua qhov siv thiab ua tsheb log tsheb.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus cis-isomer, ntawm cov polymerization khoom muaj kuj yog trans isomer, muaj tus yam ntxwv ntawm gutta percha. Nws twb tsis muaj tshwj xeeb muaj daim ntaub ntawv. Qhov no polymeric khoom yog los tsim ib lub pob rau qhov kev ua si ntawm golf li zoo raws li rau zus tau tej cov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm hluav taws xob nyob ntawm tej. Ntawm cov tseem ceeb daim ntawv thov sectors yuav ua tau distinguished isoprene synthesis ntawm polymeric ntaub ntawv tsim ib styrene-isoprene-styrene. Cov khoom ntawm no hom yog siv raws li thermoplastic cov ntaub ntawv, adhesives, siab sensitive.

Isoprene yog yuav tsum tau rau lub synthesis ntawm butyl roj hmab, nws ntau cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv nws los txog rau peb feem pua.

Txij li thaum lub kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States tau pib coj mus muag ntau lawm ntawm terpenes los ntawm ib tug pub sib tov ntawm isoprene, acetylene, acetone. Lub tshuab, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, uas ib tug ob-step synthesis.