Yuav ua li cas yog qhov nruab nrab nyob rau hauv lub plab, thiab tus nqi ntawm deflection

Plab zom mov - yog ib tug complex multistage physiological txheej txheem thaum lub sij hawm uas cov zaub mov (cov chaw ntawm lub zog thiab as-ham rau lub cev), tau txais los ntawm cov hnyuv, undergoes txhua yam thiab tshuaj kho mob.

Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev zom

Plab zom mov muaj xws li cov neeg kho tshuab (tso zis thiab sib tsoo) thiab tshuaj ub. Cov tshuaj txheej txheem muaj xws li ib tug xov tooj ntawm successive theem ntawm splitting complex tshuaj rau yooj yim hais, uas yog ces absorbed rau hauv cov hlab ntsha.

Nws los nrog cov obligatory koom tes los ntawm cov enzymes uas leeb cov txheej txheem nyob rau hauv lub cev. Lub catalysts ua los ntawm lub digestive qog thiab ib feem ntawm cov kua secreted los ntawm lawv. Kev Kawm Ntawv enzymes yog nyob ntawm hom ntawm nruab nrab nyob rau hauv lub plab, qhov ncauj kab noj hniav thiab lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub digestive ib ntsuj av tau yog teem rau ib lub sij hawm los yog rau lwm tus.

Thaum dhau lub qhov ncauj, lub caj pas thiab txoj hlab nqos mov, khoom noj khoom haus nkag mus rau lub plab raws li ib tug sib tov ntawm cov kua thiab particulate hniav khib nyiab. Qhov no sib tov nyob rau hauv tus ntawm pais plab kua txiv mus rau hauv cov kua thiab semi-kua loj uas yog kom huv si tov vim peristalsis phab ntsa. Tom ntej no los lub duodenum, qhov twg nws yog ntxiv ua enzymes.

Qhov xwm ntawm cov zaub mov nyob uas nruab nrab nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj thiab lub plab lawm. Feem ntau, nyob rau hauv lub me ntsis alkaline ib puag ncig ntawm lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo kua thiab ua rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv qhov ncauj kua pH (3.0) thiab lub tsim ntawm ib tug acidic ib puag ncig. Cov khoom uas muaj ammonium thiab urea (pum hub qhuav, cheese, ceev), cov qaub ncaug yuav ua tau kom ib tug alkaline ras txog (pH 8,0).

Tus qauv ntawm lub plab

Mob plab - ib tug hollow hloov nyob rau hauv uas cov khoom noj yog muab, cov nqis thiab absorbed. Hloov khoom nruab nrog nyob rau hauv lub Upper ib nrab ntawm cov mob plab kab noj hniav. Yog hais tias peb kos ib txoj kab ntsug los ntawm lub puj ntaws thiab tav tawb, kwv yees li 3/4 ntawm lub plab mus rau sab laug ntawm nws. Nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus, volume ntawm lub plab yog nyob rau nruab nrab 2-3 liters. Thaum haus loj qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom noj nws hlob, thiab yog hais tias cov neeg yog starving - yog txo.

Tus duab ntawm lub plab tej zaum yuav txawv nyob rau hauv raws li nws filling cov zaub mov thiab gases raws li zoo nyob rau lub xeev ntawm nyob sib ze kabmob: txiav, nplooj siab, hnyuv. Tus duab ntawm lub plab thiab cov kev cuam tshuam rau lub suab nrov ntawm cov phab ntsa.

Lub plab yog ib ncua ib feem ntawm lub digestive ib ntsuj av. Thaum tus nkag yog ib tug sphincter nqaij (pyloric valve) - Ib feem uas ploj lawm khoom noj khoom haus los ntawm cov hlab pas mus rau hauv lub plab. Part, uas nyob ib sab mus rau lub chaw ntawm cov kev nkag mus rau cov hlab pas, hu ua mob. Yuav kom nws sab laug yog lub hauv qab ntawm lub plab. Qhov nruab nrab yog hu ua "pais plab lub cev."

Ntawm antral (ntawm cov hoob kawm) qhov hloov thiab lub duodenum yog lwm gatekeeper. Nws qhib thiab kaw tswj ntawm tshuaj stimuli tso tawm los ntawm cov hnyuv.

Nta ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov phab ntsa plab

Lub phab ntsa ntawm lub plab yog hlua nrog peb khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Lub puab txheej - qhov no mucosa. Nws cov ntaub ntawv folds, thiab tag nrho saum npoo yog them nrog qog (muaj txog 35 lab) uas tsim lub plab acid, digestive enzymes tsim los rau cov tshuaj ua zaub mov. Cov kev ua ntawm cov qog txiav txim uas nruab nrab nyob rau hauv lub plab - alkaline los yog acidic - yog tsim nyob rau hauv ib lub caij.

Submucosa muaj ib tug zoo nkauj tuab qauv penetrated lub qab haus huv thiab cov hlab ntsha.

Qhov thib peb txheej yog ib tug muaj zog sheath uas muaj tus fibers yuav tsum tau rau cov zauv thiab laub khoom noj khoom haus.

Sab nraum lub plab them tuab plhaub - peritoneum.

Pais plab kua txiv: cov qauv thiab nta

Lub ntsiab lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau theem ntawm kev zom plays ib tug pais plab kua txiv. Cov qog ntawm lub plab yog ntau haiv neeg nyob rau hauv cov qauv, tab sis lub ntsiab luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm pais plab kua ua si hlwb secreting pepsinogen, hydrochloric acid thiab mucoid tshuaj (hnoos qeev).

Digestive kua txiv yog uncoloured kua ntxhiab thiab txiav txim uas nruab nrab yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub plab. Nws muaj ib tug qhia tau acidic. Txoj kev tshawb no rau nrhiav kom tau ntawm pathologies txawj qho yooj yim los mus txiav txim uas puag ncig tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub dawb paug (yoo mov) plab. Qhov no yuav siv sij hawm mus rau hauv tus account uas lub cev acidity ntawm cov kua txiv yoo mov yog tus uas tsis muaj, tab sis nws yog heev zog thaum tsa secretion.

Ib tug neeg adhering rau ib qho khoom noj thaum lub sij hawm lub hnub ua 1.5-2.5 litres ntawm pais plab kua. Cov yooj yim txoj kev uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub plab - yog thawj zaug splitting ntawm proteins. Txij li thaum pais plab kua txiv muaj feem xyuam rau lub tso pa tawm ntawm qhov catalysts ntawm tus txheej txheem ntawm kev zom, nws yuav luaj li cas zoo ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm lub plab enzymes yog active - nyob rau hauv ib tug acid.

Enzymes uas ua los ntawm cov qog ntawm lub pais plab mucosa

Pepsin - ib tug tseem ceeb enzyme ntawm lub digestive kua txiv, yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub neej puas proteins. Nws yog ua los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm hydrochloric acid los ntawm nws cov precursor - pepsinogen. Pepsin yog hais txog 95% ntawm pais plab kua txiv splitting muaj nuj nqi. Raws li qhov nws cov high kev ua si, hais qhov tseeb piv txwv 1 g ntawm no cov ntaub ntawv uas yog txaus rau ob teev mus zom 50 kg ntawm qe dawb thiab mis nyuj haus curdle 100,000 liters.

Mucin (pais plab hnoos qeev) yog ib tug complex ua ke ntawm tshuaj uas muaj protein ntau keeb kwm. Nws npog lub pais plab mucosa tshaj tag nrho saum npoo thiab tiv thaiv nws los ntawm ob cov neeg kho tshuab kev puas tsuaj thiab los ntawm autodigestion ua tau yuav tsis muaj zog qhov kev txiav txim ntawm hydrochloric acid, nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus - mus neutralize.

Lub plab yog tseem tam sim no lipase - ib qho enzyme uas lov cov rog. Pais plab lipase maloaktivna thiab feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov mis nyuj rog.

Lwm cov teeb meem uas tsim nyog ib tug mention - nws txhawb nqa lub haum ntawm vitamin B _12, biermerin. Nco qab tias vitamin _B12 yog tsim nyog rau cov kev hloov ntawm cov ntshav hemoglobin.

Luag hauj lwm ntawm hydrochloric acid nyob rau hauv lub plab zom mov

Hydrochloric acid activates pais plab enzymes thiab pab zom cov zaub mov ntawm cov nqaijrog vim hais tias nws ua rau lawv swell thiab loosening. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tua cov kab mob uas nkag mus rau hauv lub cev nrog cov zaub mov. Hydrochloric acid yog tso tawm nyob rau hauv me me koob tshuaj, hais txog ntawm uas nruab nrab nyob rau hauv lub plab, nws yog yaj nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov los yog empty.

Tab sis nws secretion yog nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm ib hnub: teem caij rau yam tsawg kawg nkaus txog qib uas pais plab tso pa tawm cai thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm 7 mus rau 11 am, thiab lub siab tshaj plaws - thaum hmo ntuj. Thaum tau txais daim ntawv ntawm cov zaub mov nyob rau hauv lub plab acid secretion yog tsa los ntawm kev ua cov kev ua ntawm lub vagus paj pais plab distension thiab tshuaj kuj Cheebtsam ntawm cov zaub mov nyob rau hauv lub mucosa.

Yuav ua li cas yog qhov nruab nrab nyob rau hauv lub plab yog suav tias yog tus txheej txheem, lub cai thiab sib txawv

Hais txog uas nruab nrab nyob rau hauv lub plab ntawm ib tug neeg noj qab nyob, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias txawv qhov chaw ntawm lub cev muaj sib txawv pH qhov tseem ceeb. Yog li, qhov loj tshaj plaws nqi yog 0,86 pH, thiab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus - 8.3. Standard kev ntsuas ntawm acidity nyob rau hauv lub plab nyob rau hauv ib qho kev npliag plab yog sib npaug zos rau 1.5-2.0; rau lub puab nto ntawm lub qog ua kua txheej qhia pH 1,5-2,0, thaum lub qhov tob ntawm no txheej yog - 7.0; thaum xaus ntawm lub plab mas nws txawv 1,3-7,4.

Cov kab mob ntawm lub plab tsim raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm ib tug tsis txaus ntawm acid thiab neyolizatsii thiab yog ncaj qha nyob rau qhov zoo ntawm nruab nrab nyob rau hauv lub plab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lub pH qhov tseem ceeb twb yeej ib txwm qub.

Heev hypersecretion ntawm hydrochloric acid los yog puas kislotoneytralizatsiya ua rau nce acidity nyob rau hauv lub plab. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm tsim cov pathology ntawm acid.

Tsis tshua muaj acidity cov yam ntxwv ntawm hypoacid gastritis (gastroduodenitis), cancer. Qhov taw qhia gastritis nrog txo acidity yog 5,0 pH thiab tshaj. Tus kab mob mas muaj thaum lub hlwb ntawm pais plab mucosa Atrophy los yog lawv tsis ua hauj lwm.

Gastritis nrog mob loj heev secretory tsis muaj peev xwm

Lub pathology tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob mature thiab advanced muaj hnub nyoog. Feem ntau cov feem ntau nws yog theem nrab, uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm lwm, ua ntej mus rau nws tus mob (xws li, benign pais plab ulcers) thiab yog lub txiaj ntsim ntawm yam uas cov ib puag ncig nyob rau hauv lub plab - alkaline, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no.

Rau txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev kawm ntawm tus kab mob yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm kev qhaj ntawv ntawm ib tug ntshiab seasonality thiab zaus ntawm exacerbations, piv txwv li lub sij hawm ntawm lawv cov tshwm sim thiab ntev unpredictable.

Cov tsos mob ntawm secretory tsis ua hauj lwm

• Qhov belching nrog lwj saj.
• Xeev siab thiab ntuav thaum lub sij hawm mob.
• Anorexia (tsis qab los noj mov).
• Cov kev xav ntawm heaviness nyob rau hauv lub epigastric cheeb tsam.
• Alternating raws plab thiab cem quav.
• Flatulence, rumbling thiab ntshav nyob rau hauv lub plab mog.
• Dumping syndrome: koj kiv taub hau tom qab haus ntawm carbohydrate cov khoom noj uas tshwm sim vim lub imminent tau txais daim ntawv ntawm chyme los ntawm lub plab rau hauv lub duodenum, txo pais plab ua si.
• Poob phaus (loj yuav txo tau ntawm mus rau ib tug ob peb kilograms).

Gastrogennaya raws plab yuav tau los ntawm:

• maldigested zaub mov nkag mus rau lub plab;
• ib tug ntse tsis txaus nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev zom ntawm kev noj haus fiber;
• ceev pais plab muab nchuav nyob rau hauv yuam cai ntawm lub kaw ntawm lub sphincter muaj nuj nqi;
• ua txhaum ntawm bactericidal muaj nuj nqi;
• kev txawv txav ntawm lub pancreas.

Gastritis nrog rau tej los yog tsa secretion

Tus kab mob no yog xav paub ntau ntau nyob rau hauv tub ntxhais hluas. Nws muaj ib tug thawj cim, uas yog, tus thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim mam li nco dheev rau tus neeg mob, raws li ua ntej, nws tsis xav nyob rau hauv lub kawg qhia ib co tsis xis nyob thiab subjectively xam tau tias yog lawv tus kheej noj qab nyob zoo. Tus kab mob tshwm sim nrog alternating exacerbations thiab respite, tsis muaj ib tug qhia tau seasonality. Yuav kom txiav txim seb lub caij nyoog mob nws yog tsim nyog los saib ib tug kws kho mob, yog li ntawd nws tau tsa qhov kev xeem, xws li lub cuab tam.

Nyob rau hauv lub mob theem, yeej los ntawm kev mob thiab dyspeptic syndromes. Mob yog feem ntau kom meej meej hais txog qhov tseeb, uas nruab nrab nyob rau hauv tus tib neeg lub plab thaum lub sij hawm ntawm lub noj mov. Mob syndrome tshwm sim yuav luag tam sim ntawd tom qab ib tug noj mov. Tsawg thab yoo mov tom qab mob (tej lub sij hawm tom qab cov pluas noj), tejzaum thaum lawv tseem thereof.

Cov tsos mob uas muaj zog secretory kev ua

• Mob yog feem ntau me me, tej zaum nrog siab thiab qhov hnyav nyob rau hauv lub epigastrium.
• Lig pains yog khaus.
• Dyspeptic syndrome manifested burp "qaub" huab cua, ib tug unpleasant saj nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj, saj mob, xeev siab, ntuav relieves mob.
• Cov neeg mob muaj kub siab, tej zaum excruciating.
• plab hnyuv dyspepsia syndrome manifested los ntawm raws plab los yog cem quav.
• Feem ntau qhia neurotic syndrome, yus muaj los ntawm aggression, mus ob peb vas kev hloov, insomnia thiab pereutomlyaemostyu.