Yuav ua li cas yog nco (RAM)?

Khiav cov kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv ib tug tus kheej lub computer yuav tam sim no txhua txhua schoolchild. Tab sis dab tsi yog tsab: muaj tsawg kawg yog ib tug to taub yooj yim ntawm cov dab tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob rau lwm, muaj ntau yam tsuas yog tsis txhob xav txog nws tsim nyog. Tab sis tus nyeem ntawv, raws li ib tug educated txiv neej, yeej xav kom nrog rau lo lus nug ntawm yog dab tsi lub RAM. Txoj kev paub no yuav tsis tau tsuas yog nthuav kuv horizons, tab sis kuj tso cai rau mus xaiv ntau npaum cia rau lawv tus kheej tib computer.

Yog li ntawd, yog dab tsi nco? Tej xam ntaus ntawv, txawm tias ib tug yooj yim tshuab xam zauv, uas laij cov tub ntxhais tsuas yog tas yog ob peb hom kev nco. Tus thawj hom - ib tug ROM (Nyeem tsuas nco), thiab lub thib ob, ntsig txog, ib tug RAM (random nkag nco). Tus neeg siv uas yog xav nyob rau hauv dab tsi lub RAM, yuav muaj ib tug ntau tsawg teeb meem yog tias koj nco ntsoov cov lus Askiv tsiaj ntawv: ROM thiab RAM. Rom - Qhov no nyeem nkaus xwb nco (Nyeem Tsuas), thiab RAM - kuj rau cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv (Random Access). Tej zaum ib qho kev nkag rau hauv lub ROM yog tseem tau, tab sis tshwj xeeb txoj kev (programming thiab lwm yam). Yuav kom piav qhia txog dab tsi yog RAM, muab ib qho piv txwv ntawm ib tug tswvyim.

Tom qab koj nias lub hwj huam khawm los ntawm cov ROM yog nyeem thiab tshuab txais firmware suav, nqa tawm ib daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas hauv lub xeev ntawm cov nyees khawm. Ntawm no tus neeg siv clicks lub khawm nrog tus xov tooj. Txawm ib tug yooj yim muab xam tias nws yog tsim nyog los ua 4 lub sij hawm: ob tug zauv, tej yam tshwm sim ntawm kev txiav txim thiab koob pheej ntawm lawv. Yuav ua li cas yog tus xam zauv "nco" yav dhau los rau nias "sib npaug" kos npe rau? Lawv qhov tseem ceeb yog muab cia rau hauv lub cim xeeb. Nyob rau hauv computers, muaj, txawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm software ntawm CPU suav, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm uas yog nyob rau hauv RAM.

Lub peculiarity ntawm RAM yog tias nws ua haujlwm ceev ceev (piv nrog rau ROM), kov ib tus loj npaum li cas ntawm lub zog, thiab cov ntaub ntawv muab cia rau hauv nws dim li ntev raws li lub thov voltage.

Nyob rau hauv computer engineering RAM yog lub cev varnished textolite voos (ib daim hlab, modules) nrog ib zuag-tsiv pin hu, xov conductive lem thiab ib co ntawm lub cim xeeb chips. Lub modules yog tso rau hauv slots rau cov motherboard.

RAM hloov zuj zuj nrog computers. Uas xwb nws hom tsis siv! Nws nyuam qhuav developers tsis tau sim mus "reinvent lub log", vim hais tias thaum lub plawv ntawm txoj kev loj hlob dag RAM DDR. Ua ntej mus xyuas Intel chipsets 845 thiab VIA KT266 txhawb tshiab DDR standard, siv lug SDRAM nco. Nws yog ib tug "khiav" thiab txhim khu kev qha technology, tiam sis nws yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub modules yog nce tsis lub peev xwm mus unleash lub hwj chim ntawm tus tshiab processors. Nws twb yog li ntawd npaj paub txiav txim siab - DDR (Muab cov ntaub ntawv Rate). Lub ntsiab sib txawv los ntawm lub yav dhau los SDRAM yog rau ob npaug theoretical ceev. Qhov no twb tiav los ntawm lub koom haum ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyeem los ntawm lub cim xeeb hlwb, ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej, thiab lwj ntawm lub moos teeb liab generator. Lub zaus tsis hloov. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws twb nqa tawm mus rau optimize qhov kev siv ntawm modules nta.

Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau ua lwm yam tsawg tseem ceeb kev hloov. Ib tug ntawm lawv - lub sij hawm ntawm lub cim xeeb pib los pab txhawb tsis siv neeg configuration. Qhov kev xaiv no yog fwm nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov niaj hnub ntau yam ntawm lub cim xeeb. Nws nruab nrab yog ib tug qeeb moos teeb liab mov module. Lub sab tus nqi, lub zoo dua qhov kev ua tau zoo, tab sis tsawg kuj nyob rau hauv lub lag luam. Thaum excessively me me nqi chips tsuas tsis muaj lub sij hawm los npaj rau kev nyeem ntawv, thiab ib qho yuam kev tshwm sim.

Tsis tas li ntawd, Yog hais tias ua ntej lawm nyob rau hauv lub BIOS ncaj qha yuav tsum tau qhia kom meej rau qhov kev kawm ntawm cov modules, nws yog tam sim no tsim nyog tsis muab nyob rau hauv SPD thaiv (nti rau lub module), thiab lub BIOS nyeem lawv thiab txiav.