Sij hawm poob, nco thiab PC kev ua tau zoo

Khoos phib tawj terminology tej zaum ciav nyob rau hauv nws cov complexity. Vim li no, cov neeg siv thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm zaum kawg buyer yog ntsib nrog tej yam teeb meem ntawm kev xaiv thaum yuav ib lub computer los yog hloov nws configuration. Rau ib lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yam ntxwv ntawm ib lub PC yog cov thiaj li hu ua lub sij hawm poob. RAM yog yus raws li ib tug zaus parameter, uas nws ua hauj lwm raws li tau zoo raws li qhov loj ntawm cov kev kho mob ncua mus rau lwm cov modules ntawm lub computer.

Ua ntej mus rau teb cov lus nug dab tsi yog lub sij hawm, peb piav qhia txog cov tswv yim yooj ntsiab cai ntawm RAM - random nkag nco.

Yuav ua li cas yog tus "RAM"

Random nkag nco (RAM, RAM) - yog ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ib feem ntawm tej computer. Nws mus ib ntus khw muag khoom cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog rau lub lag luam ntawm lub processor. Cov ntaub ntawv hloov lwm lub tsev nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw ntawm lub cia chav tsev nyob rau hauv lub nucleus los yog los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb ultra-ceev nco. Nyob rau hauv cov lus yooj yim, lub cim xeeb - ib tug ob peb Microchips uas khaws cov ntaub ntawv rau tag nrho cov neeg siv kev pab cuam khiav. Tab sis yog nws tsis tau mus cia nws tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv koj nyuaj tsav, nws kuj yog tus nco? Tu siab tsis tau. Cov tag nrho taw tes ntawm ceev thiab kev cia siab. Lub hard disk drive yog ib tug cov neeg kho tshuab ntaus ntawv nrog ib tug tsawg operating ceev (piv rau tus CPU xav tau kev pab) thiab tsawg pab. RAM tsis muaj cov tsis zoo, nws yog ceev, thiab nws lub neej tsis yog nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm hits.

kev faib

Muaj ob hom kev nco:

• SRAM - zoo li qub RAM hom;
• DRAM - dynamic hom RAM.

Tsis tas yuav mus rau hauv tag nrho cov kev nta ntawm realization ntawm SRAM-nco yuav tau hais tias xws ib daim hlab yog ceev. Thiab ncua cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob nyob rau hauv lub RAM thaiv tshwm sim instantly. Tu siab, tus nqi ntawm xws li ib siv yog sib txawv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub volume ntawm lub cim xeeb module yog tas rau ib tus loj luaj li cas ntawm cov transistors. SRAM modules yog siv raws li ultra-ceev cache nco, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv processors, nyuaj drives thiab lwm lub computer modules.

Lub dynamic hom RAM - nws yog tag nrho cov ib txwm lub ib daim hlab, uas muaj nyob rau ntawm lub motherboard. Qhov no nco muaj ib tug kuj tsis tshua muaj nqi thiab kub ntim. Tab sis nws units muaj lawv drawbacks:

• Txij li thaum lub sawb muaj ib tug capacitor, nws yog tsim nyog los tsis tu ncua "regenerated" ib tug xwb nyob rau hauv lawv kom cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsis ploj. Qhov no ua hauj lwm yog ua los ntawm lub CPU. Tab sis thaum lub sij hawm xws li ib tug cim xeeb nkag tau tshem tawm tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm nrog nws.
• Cov kev ceev ntawm no plank yog npaum li cas me dua cov zoo li qub.
• Nws plays ib tug tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm thiab kom xaiv qhov sij hawm. RAM nrog loj tagnrho thiab siab zaus tsis yeej ib txwm muaj peev xwm mus qhia qhov tsim nyog productivity vim siab latency.

Hom kev nco

Tam sim no, muaj 4 hom nco modules:

• DDR - outdated RAM hom uas yog siv nyob rau hauv heev qub computers.
• DDR2 - zoo li blocks ntawm RAM yeej tseem muaj nyob rau hauv cov laus PCs nyob rau hauv tsoom fwv cov koom haum thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv. Cov kev ceev ntawm no nco tsis pub kom tiv nrog lub heavy-niaj hnub siv, tab sis nws yog txaus rau lo lus ua thiab caij txhiag dej lub Internet.
• DDR3 - lub feem ntau nco module. Lub zog noj yog 40% tsawg tshaj li nyob rau hauv lub ntej hom, xws li nco kev khiav hauj lwm ceev yog ntau dua.
• DDR4 - evolutionary txoj kev loj hlob ntawm RAM. Cov modules yog tau siab siav tag nrho cov xav ntawm cov niaj hnub siv. Thaum lub zoo configuration unit yuav muab ntxiv rau sib npaug zos rau 34,1 GB / c.

nco timings

Tam sim no peb paub tias dab tsi ib tug RAM. Zoo, yog dab tsi lub sij hawm? Qhov no ncua ntawm cov xa thiab qhov kev siv ntawm lub cim xeeb chaw tos tsheb loj hais kom ua, uas yog ntsuas nyob rau hauv tas mus li.

DRAM muaj hlwb ua ke rau hauv ob-dimensional arrays. Tus qauv yog zoo li tus lattice, nyob rau hauv uas muaj cov cell chaw. Mus saib tau lub maub los ntshav yuav tsum paub lawv qhov chaw nyob, muaj li ntawm kab thiab sab xov tooj (coordinates). Tus neeg arrays nrog tus loj tib yam ntawm lub hlwb ua ke nyob rau hauv lub thiaj li hu ua lub tsev txhab nyiaj.

Yog li, lub maub los accesses thawj bank kab chaw nyob lub teeb liab Ras los ntawm. Ces tus nrhiav rau tsim nyog kab - yog ib lub voj voog sij hawm Ras rau CAS Ncua. Lub xws xa cov kem tooj nrog CAS-teeb liab. Tos lo lus teb rau tej kev thov yog hu ua CAS Latency. Sij hu ua Ras Precharge hais kom ua yog lub sij hawm nruab nrab ntawm cov kaw kab thiab re-ua kom, Active rau Precharge Qeeb - nruab nrab ntawm qhov ua kom thiab kaw commands. Hais kom Rate - yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus luv ntawm ob pawg.

Thaum yuav ib tug tshiab RAM bar yuav ua tau heev yooj yim los mus txiav txim lub sij hawm. RAM sau tias standard tswvyim: DDR3 (pes tsawg zaus) CAS Latency - Ras rau CAS ncua - Ras Precharge - voj voog sij hawm, nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag zoo li DDR3 2133 9-12-12-28.

Uas yog zoo dua - ceev cim xeeb los yog tsawg ncua?

Tus thawj tshaj plaws them sai sai mus rau lub sij hawm. RAM nrog ib tug high school cov zaus yuav qeeb, vim hais tias ib tug tsis txaus siab mus rau lub processor muaj ib tug ntau sab ceev, thiab thiaj li cov kom zoo dua nyob yuav tsis tsum pom tau hais. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, qeeb yog ib txwm thaum tus qauv qib, ntawm chav kawm, yog tias koj tsis txhob muab lub RAM timings manually.

Yog li ntawd, piv txwv li, ntawm DDR2 cim xeeb ntawm 1600 6-7-6-18 sai npaum li cas tshaj DDR3 1866 9-9-9-24. Raws li koj tau pom, nyob rau hauv lub thib ob cov ntaub ntawv peb muaj ib tug zoo meej tiam ntawm RAM ntawm ib tug ntau dua tus nqi, tab sis ntau dhau kev ncua tsuas negate no qhov tseeb. Los ntawm kev yuav khoom tshiab nco, sim xaiv ib tug qauv uas muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tau qeeb. Qhov no txoj kev koj xyuas kom meej koj tus kheej ib tug siab ua tau zoo ntawm cov computer raws li ib tug tag nrho.