Yuav ua li cas yog lub cim, thiab lawv txhais li cas?

Yuav ua li cas yog lub cim? Qhov uas lawv yuav siv, thiab yuav ua li cas to taub lawv? Yog nws tau mus rau kev koom xws tej yam tshwm sim cas txhais mus rau hauv lub tiaj lus peb txhais thiab decipher? Ntawm cov hoob kawm, koj ua tau. Ntawm cov cim muaj nyob raws li ancient, uas yog tsis siv, thiab cov hnub tim, uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tsab ntawv mus rau ib tug plurality ntawm Neeg Esxias mus kuaj. Tus thawj, ntawm chav kawm, tsis yooj yim rau decipher, thiab rau tom kawg yuav tau kis siv "google". Vim hais tias txhua leej txhua tus, nws yog tseeb nws yog dab tsi thiab dab tsi nws noj thiab haus, peb piav qhia txog nyob rau hauv kom meej li cas cim lawv qhia thiab hais tias sawv cev dab tsi pab pawg neeg.

lub ntsiab txhais

Nyob rau hauv cov pa notion ntawm cov ua cim - ib chav tsev ntawm kev sau ntawv, uas yog siv los ntawm ib co tib neeg. Nws yuav txhais li cas yog ib tug neeg lub suab, lub suab los yog tsab ntawv los yog lub lo lus. Tej zaum cov cim yuav xa ib tug tag nrho kab lus los sis ib tug kab lus. Lub sij hawm muaj Greek cov hauv paus hniav nws tus kheej. Qhov no lub npe Oriental sau cim muab kawm Kliment Aleksandriysky, uas twb muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv deciphering xws phau ntawv thiab deduced cov kev notion hais tias xws li cov cim. Lus Txhais, uas nws coj, muaj li ntawm ob lo lus: "ieros", uas txhais los ntawm Greek txhais tau tias "dawb ceev" thiab "glyph", uas, ntsig txog, txhais li "txiav". Nws muab cov phau ntawv dawb ceev tseem ceeb, thiab yog li ntawd hu ua lawv "tus dawb huv carved tsab ntawv".

Qhov uas koj ua tau raws li lub cim

Tam sim no, kom koj to taub dab tsi lub cim, cia li saib lub sau ntawv ntawm lub Far East. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv lub qub hnub, ob peb cov neeg uas nyob ntawm lub ancient ntiaj teb no twb koom nyob rau hauv kev kawm rau hauv lub kab lis kev cai ntawm cov neeg thiab lawv hom lus. Vim hais tias lub sij hawm yog feem ntau siv rau hauv reference rau ieratike - ancient Iyiv sau ntawv. nyob rau hauv cov lus no phau ntawv transcribed nyob rau hauv Antiquity thiab cov Nrab Hnub nyoog, thiab txawm hnub no, muaj ntau yam ntawm lawv nyob twj ywm ib tug paub tsis meej rau historians. Niaj hnub nimno tib cim peb tau raws li nyob rau hauv Suav lus thiab tag nrho nws cov ceg (Korean thiab Tangut), raws li zoo raws li tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov Japanese sau ntawv thiab dialects.

Ieratika thiab nws cov nta

Ancient Iyiv Hieroglyphs nyob ua ke nrog cov me nyuam yug ntawm tus thawj dynasty ntawm pharaohs. Tus heev lus ntawm lub ancient Egyptians nyob rau hauv lawv cov phonetics muaj ib yam dab tsi nyob rau hauv ntau nrog lub Semitic dialects, tab sis nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev uas nws yog zoo li tus Cushitic thiab Berber-Libyan lus ceg. Thoob plaws hauv lub hav zoov ntawm ancient Iyiv sau ntawv tsuas yog siv cim. Yav tas los, lawv tau raug ntiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub pob zeb, nyob rau cov phab ntsa hauv lub tuam tsev thiab lub tsev. Tom qab ntawd, sau kev cai lij choj, lwm yam ntaub ntawv thiab tej yam yooj yim ntawv no siv papyrus. Interestingly, ntau tshaj qhov qub ntaub ntawv, qhov yooj yim dua nws yog decrypt. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov hiob cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov neeg Iyiv tau tsim ua tsaug rau ib tug thumbnail duab, uas yog raws nraim tso tawm cov khoom los yog kev ua. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau pib siv ntau npaum li cas complex cim, uas yog koom nyob rau hauv deciphering ob European thiab Esxias zaum. Lub ntsiab discoverer nyob rau hauv daim teb no yog xav tau ib tug Frenchman Shapmolon. Tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, ntau dua nyob deb pab mus rau deciphering ancient Iyiv cov tsiaj ntawv ua Vahshiyya Persian Ibn al-tswb, uas txhais rau hauv Arabic pua pua ntawm no thiab tsoom fwv cov ntawv.

Japanese sau ntawv

Cov niaj hnub lus ntawm lub teb chaws ntawm lub Rising Sun yog ua tej nyob rau hauv lub zos dialects, uas yav tas los twb tsis muaj grammatical puag, thiab ib nrab nyob rau hauv Suav sau ntawv. Vim hais tias Japanese cim thiab lawv lub ntsiab lus feem ntau resonate nrog Suav cov lo lus, tab sis nrhiav tau zoo sib xws yuav ua tau heev yooj yim nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub. Yog li ntawd, lub Japanese lus yog muab faib ua peb qhov chaw: hauv lub kanji - yog kanji, uas tuaj ntawm no los ntawm Tuam Tshoj, hiragana thiab katakana - haiv neeg Japanese niam ntawv.

kanji

Suav sau cim yog siv los xaiv tej yam nouns, adjectives rau cov me nyuam yaus, raws li zoo raws li sau lawv tus kheej npe. Tus nqi thiab hom kev nyeem ntawv kanji nyob rau hauv txoj kev nyob rau hauv uas nws tuaj rau teb chaws Nyiv Pooj. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, nws tseem nyob ntawm nws qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov kab lus nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus teb. Rau ntau sau cim muaj ntau tshaj li kaum hom ntawm kev nyeem ntawv. Nyeem, nyob rau hauv lem, koj yuav tau siv ib tug ntawm ob systems. Ib tug yog hu ua onemi, thiab nws cov essence lies nyob rau hauv lub fact tias cov ua cim yog nyeem nyob rau hauv Suav style. Qhov thib ob yog hu ua kunemi - hais, nyob rau hauv raws li cov kev cai ntawm cov neeg Japanese lus.

hiragana

Neeg Japanese cim thiab lawv tus nqi yog kis tau ntawm Hiragana niam ntawv. Nws muaj feem ntau niam tsuas yog rau ib tsiaj ntawv - «h». Cov ntaub ntawv sau tej yam tshwm sim uas siv los hloov npe thiab adjectives borrowed los ntawm kanji. Nrog hiragana ntaus nqi ua ntej lo lus, lus kaw. Heev feem ntau, lub cim ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv ntawm lub suab nyob rau hauv hais lus thiab tshwm sim nyob rau hauv xov xwm ntawm lub Japanese. Hiragana yog tseem txoj kev cawm seej rau cov neeg uas tsis paub kanji. Nyob rau hauv nws ntau ntau txhais tau hais tias yuav piav qhia txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm txawv txawv rau ib co neeg morpheme borrowed los ntawm lus Suav.

katakana

Qhov thib ob haiv neeg Japanese tsiaj ntawv kuj yog siv raws li ib tug pab. Txawm li cas los, nws tsis cuam tshuam nrog kanji, hiragana, tsis zoo li. Yog hais tias koj tsis paub dab tsi lub kanji nyob rau hauv Japanese borrowed los ntawm lwm yam neeg Esxias (tsuas yog Suav) hom lus, koj muaj peev xwm siv nws los hloov lub semantic ib lub cim teej tug mus rau cov tsiaj ntawv katakana. Tsis tas li ntawd nco ntsoov tias daim ntawv sau cov cim ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv yog tsuas yog siv raws li ib tug hint, thiab ntau npaum li cas tsis tshua muaj heev nyob rau hauv kev hais lus tshaj hiragana.

nthuav lus tseeb

Rau txhua European txiv neej tswvyim ntawm yog dab tsi lub cim raws li lawv nyeem thiab yuav ua li cas to taub lawv nws yog ib heev nyuaj. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo, ib tug tej yam Charles K. Bliss sim los ua ib tug unified tag nrho lub ntiaj teb no hieroglyphic sau ntawv system thiab lus, yog li ntawd cov neeg los ntawm, hais tias, Fabkis yuav sib txuas lus dawb do nrog Suav neeg. Txawm li cas los, nws npaj siab twb hai. Tab sis nyob rau hauv Nyiv Pooj Teb, yog ib tug tej yam zoo ntawm kev hais lus, uas yog hu ua Romaji. Qhov no yog ib cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov lo lus siv cov Latin ntawv, uas tam sim ntawd pub rau peb nyeem cov cim thiab hais kom raug.