Yuav ua li cas yog biochemistry? Yuav ua li cas yog kev kawm biochemistry

Yuav ua li cas yog biochemistry? Lom los yog physiological biochemistry - txoj kev tshawb no ntawm cov tshuaj dab uas underlie cov hauj lwm ntawm lub cev thiab cov uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cell. Tus aim ntawm Biochemistry (lub sij hawm los ntawm Greek lo lus «BIOS» - «lub neej») raws li ib tug science - txoj kev tshawb no ntawm tshuaj qauv thiab cov metabolism hauv lub hlwb, qhov xwm thiab txoj kev nws kev cai, lub mechanism ntawm lub zog mov dab nyob rau hauv lub cell.

Medical Biochemistry: qhov xwm thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kawm

Medical Biochemistry - yog dab tsi? Qhov no seem ntawm lom Science News for KIDS, uas kawm cov tshuaj nyob tus yeees ntawm tib neeg lub cev, cov metabolism hauv hlwb nyob rau ntawd (xws li pathological tej yam kev mob). Tseeb, tej yam kab mob, txawm nyob rau hauv asymptomatic lub sij hawm, yuav inevitably tawm nws imprint rau ntawm cov tshuaj dab nyob rau hauv lub hlwb, molecular zog, uas yuav thaws rov los nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm biochemical kev tsom xam. Yog tsis muaj kev txawj ntse ntawm biochemistry nws yog tsis yooj yim sua mus nrhiav qhov ua rau ntawm tus kab mob thiab txoj kev nws zoo kev kho mob.

Biochemical tsom xam ntawm cov ntshav

Yuav ua li cas yog tus tsom xam ntawm lub "biochemistry ntawm cov ntshav"? Biochemical ntshav txoj kev tshawb no hu ua ib tug ntawm txoj kev ntawm laboratory diagnostics nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb ntawm cov tshuaj (xws li, endocrinology, nrog tshuaj, Gynecology). Nws yuav pab kom meej kuaj tus kab mob no thiab mus soj ntsuam cov ntshav qauv raws li tsis:

- alanine aminotransferase (ALT, ALT);

- roj los yog roj uas txhaws taus;

- bilirubin;

- urea;

- alpha-amylase, pancreatic amylase, diastase;

- piam thaj, lipase;

- aspartate aminotransferase (AST, SGOT);

- gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), gamma GT (glutamyl);

- creatinine, ib tug protein;

- cov tshuaj rau Epstein-Barr virus.

Rau txhua leej txhua tus noj qab haus huv yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias dab tsi yog ib tug ntshav biochemistry, thiab to taub hais tias nws ua tau zoo yuav tsis tau tsuas yog muab tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv rau txoj kev kho kiag, tab sis kuj pab tiv thaiv tau tus kab mob. Hloov los ntawm ib txwm tseem ceeb - qhov no yog thawj lub teeb liab uas lub cev yog ib yam dab tsi tsis ncaj ncees lawm.

Biochemical tsom xam ntawm cov ntshav rau daim siab kev tshawb fawb: qhov tseem ceeb thiab lub hom phiaj

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, biochemical diagnostics cia rau cov saib xyuas ntawm lub zog ntawm tus kab mob thiab kev kho mob tshwm sim, los ua ib tug tag nrho daim duab ntawm lub metabolism, micronutrients tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm tus kabmob. Piv txwv li, losis tswvyim dabtsi seev rau cov neeg uas tsis hnov lub siab muaj nuj nqi yuav tsum yog tus biochemistry ntawm lub siab. Yuav ua li cas yog nws? Yog li ntawd hu ua ntshav Science News for KIDS rau txoj kev tshawb no ntawm muaj nuj nqis thiab zoo tshaj ntawm lub siab enzymes. Yog hais tias lawv synthesis lawm, ces xws li ib tug lub xeev hawv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob, inflammatory dab.

Tseem siab Biochemistry

Biochemistry ntawm lub siab - yog dab tsi? Tib neeg lub siab yog muaj li ntawm dej, cov nqaijrog, enzymes, lipids, glycogen. Nws ntaub so ntswg muaj minerals: tooj liab, hlau, npib tsib xee, manganese, li ntawd, lub biochemical kev kawm txog daim siab cov ntaub so ntswg - xwm heev thiab heev zoo tsom xam. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj enzymes nyob rau hauv lub siab - ib tug glucokinase, hexokinase. Feem ntau cov sensitive rau biochemical kev xeem xws siab enzymes: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Raws li ib tug txoj cai, txoj kev tshawb no coj los ntawm tus ua tau zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no.

Rau tag nrho thiab muaj kev vam meej xyuas ntawm lawv cov kev kho mob rau txhua leej txhua yuav tsum tau paub dab tsi "tsom xam biochemistry."

Cov cheeb tsam ntawm txoj kev tshawb no Biochemistry thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ib tug muaj tseeb txhais lus ntawm kev kuaj tau

Yuav ua li cas yog kev kawm biochemistry? Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov metabolic dab, cov tshuaj nyob tus yeees ntawm hlwb, cov tshuaj xwm thiab muaj nuj nqi ntawm enzymes, cov vitamins, acids. Soj ntsuam cov ntshav rau cov tsis tsuas yog tau yog hais tias tus tseeb decryption tsom xam. Yog hais tias tag nrho yog zoo, cov ntshav qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ntau yam tsis (qabzib, protein, enzymes ntawm cov ntshav) yuav tsum tsis txhob thim ntawm lub cai. Txwv tsis pub, nws yuav tsum tau kev raws li ib lub teeb liab ntawm kev tsim txom ntawm lub cev ua hauj lwm.

deciphering Biochemistry

Yuav ua li cas yuav decipher nuj nqis nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm tus tsom xam? Hauv qab no tseem ceeb tsom xam cov ntshav Science News for KIDS rau qhov yooj yim tsis.

piam thaj

Cov piam thaj theem qhia qhov zoo tshaj ntawm carbohydrate metabolism txheej txheem. Lub limiting tus nqi ntawm lub ntsiab lus yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 5.5 mmol / l. Yog hais tias cov theem qis, ces nws tej zaum yuav qhia cov ntshav qab zib, endocrine ntshawv siab, teeb meem siab. Kom zib tej zaum yuav vim mob ntshav qab zib, lub cev ua si, hormonal tshuaj.

protein

Qhov ntshav protein - 65-85 g / l. Tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim hais txog kev ua txhaum cai ntawm ob lub raum, lub siab, mob kab mob, noj tsis txaus, lub cev qhuav dej. High protein ntau ntau - ib lub teeb liab ntawm qhov inflammatory txheej txheem.

cholesterol

Qhov ntshav cholesterol - 2,97-8,79 mmol / l. Nws theem txawm nyob rau hauv cov neeg noj qab nyob ntawm pw ua ke, lub hnub nyoog, lub cev ua si, tej zaum lub sij hawm ntawm lub xyoo. High cholesterol pib ntsais koj teeb ib tug ua tau atherosclerosis, kab mob plawv.

urea

Yog li ntawd peb hu mus rau lub xaus khoom ntawm protein neej puas. Nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg noj qab nyob nws yuav tsum tau kiag li tshem tawm los ntawm lub cev nyob rau hauv cov zis. Yog hais tias nws tsis tau, thiab nws tau mus rau hauv cov ntshav, ces nco ntsoov mus xyuas cov kev hauj lwm ntawm ob lub raum.

hemoglobin

Qhov no protein yog cov ntshav liab, uas saturates lub hlwb ntawm cov pa. Cai: rau cov txiv neej - 130-160 g / l, cov ntxhais - 120-150 g / l. Tsis tshua muaj ntau ntau cov hemoglobin nyob rau hauv cov ntshav yog suav tias yog ib tug ntawm cov ntsuas ntawm cov anemia.

Biochemical tsom xam ntawm cov ntshav nyob rau hauv cov ntshav enzymes (ALT, AST, CK, amylase)

Enzymes yog lub luag hauj lwm rau tag nrho cov hauj lwm ntawm lub siab, lub plawv, lub raum, pancreas. Yog tsis muaj txoj cai npaum li cas ntawm ib tug tag nrho cov kev pauv ntawm cov amino acids yog tsuas yog tsis tau.

Qhov siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov enzyme alanine aminotransferase (ALT, ALT) yog 41 u / L rau cov txiv neej thiab 31 u / L rau cov poj niam. Nce cov ntsiab lus hais txog malfunction ntawm lub plawv, lub siab, tejzaum nws kis kab mob siab.

Cov theem ntawm aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT, AST - lub cellular enzyme lub plawv, raum, siab) yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj ntau tshaj li 41 thiab 31 U / l rau cov txiv neej thiab cov poj niam feem .. Txwv tsis pub, tej zaum nws yuav indicative ntawm tus kab mob siab txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kab mob plawv.

Lipase (ib qho enzyme uas lov cov rog) plays ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov metabolism hauv thiab yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 190 u / l. Kom ntau qhia ua txhaum ntawm lub pancreas tej hauj lwm.

Nws yog ib qhov nyuaj rau overestimate qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub biochemical tsom xam ntawm cov ntshav enzymes. Yuav ua li cas yog biochemistry, thiab hais tias nws txog yuav tsum tau paub txhua tus neeg uas mob siab txog lawv kev noj qab nyob.

amylase

Qhov no enzyme yog pom nyob rau hauv lub pancreas thiab cov qaub ncaug. Nws yog lub luag hauj lwm rau lub neej puas carbohydrates thiab lawv assimilation. Cai - 28-100 U / L .. Nws cov ntshav ntau ntau yuav qhia raum insufficiency, cholecystitis, mob ntshav qab zib, peritonitis.

Cov qhabnias ntawm biochemical ntshav kuaj yog kaw nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb daim ntawv no, qhov chaw uas lub theem ntawm tshuaj teev cov ntsiab lus. Feem ntau qhov no tsom xam yog tshuaj raws li ib tug ntxiv ca mus rau ib tug presumptive mob. Thaum txhais cov ntshav Science News for KIDS tau, nco ntsoov hais tias lawv kuj muaj feem xyuam rau tus neeg mob lub tub los ntxhais, muaj hnub nyoog thiab txoj kev ua neej. Tam sim no koj paub uas kawm cov biochemistry thiab yuav ua li cas los txhais lus rau nws tau.

Yuav ua li cas los npaj rau muab cov ntshav biochemistry?

Feem ntau, cov ntshav biochemistry yog pom zoo kom noj, yog cov kws kho mob xav tias lub xub ntiag ntawm:

- mob cov kab mob ntawm hauv nruab nrog cev;

- intoxication;

- beriberi;

- inflammatory dab;

- kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab mob thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub;

- hais qhov mob.

Ntshav coj thaum ntxov nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov, thiab ua ntej lub sij hawm tuaj txog ntawm ib tug kws kho mob yuav tsis tau muaj. Txwv tsis pub, tus tsom xam tau yuav distorted. Biochemical kev tshawb fawb yuav qhia li cas zoo yog koj metabolism thiab ntsev nyob rau hauv lub cev. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, caiv txhob haus qab zib tshuaj yej, kas fes, mis nyuj, yam tsawg kawg yog ib teev los yog ob tug ua ntej cov ntshav zauv.

Nco ntsoov mus rau teb rau koj cov lus nug li cas lub biochemistry ua ntej tus me nyuam ntawm tus tsom xam. Paub txog cov txheej txheem thiab nws tseem ceeb yuav pab tau koj mus ntsuam xyuas hauv lub xeev ntawm kev noj qab nyob thiab yuav competent nyob rau hauv cov teeb meem ntawm kev noj qab nyob.

Yuav ua li cas mus coj ib tug ntshav rau biochemistry?

Tus txheej txheem kav rau ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm thiab yuav luag tsis mob. Ib tug neeg nyob rau hauv ib tug zaum txoj hauj lwm (tej zaum muaj mus pw rau hauv lub rooj zaum), ib tug kws kho mob yuav siv sij hawm ntshav los ntawm ib tug hlab ntsha, pre tourniquet. Txhaj site yuav tsum tau kho nrog antiseptic. Noj qauv yog muab tso rau hauv ib tug menyuam tsis taus lub raj thiab xa mus rau ib tug kuaj rau kev tsom xam.

Control tshaj qhov zoo tshaj ntawm biochemical kev tshawb fawb nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ob peb theem:

- preanalytical (kev npaj ntawm tus neeg mob, noj tsom xam, kev thauj mus los rau lub lab);

- TSOM XAM (ua thiab cia ntawm lom ntaub ntawv, noj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tsom xam tau);

- postanalytical (sau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv nrog rau cov kev tshwm sim ntawm laboratory thiab soj ntsuam tsom xam, xa ib tug kws kho mob).

Qhov zoo tshaj ntawm cov kev tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub biochemistry ntawm qhov kev tsimnyog ntawm cov xaiv txoj kev ntawm kev tshawb fawb, kuaj tsis txawj txaus, precision yardsticks, technically khoom, kev coj dawb huv reagents, dieting.

biochemistry cov plaub hau

Yuav ua li cas yog lub biochemistry ntawm cov plaub hau? Biozavivka - nws yog ib txoj kev ntev curling locks. Qhov txawv ntawm ib tug dog dig Perm thiab biozavivka principled. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nyoog kawg no cov ntaub ntawv, tsis siv hydrogen peroxide, ammonia, thioglycolic acid. Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub active ingredient ua analogue ntawm cystine (lom protein). Nws yog li no lub npe ntawm cov qauv styling.

Lub undoubted zoo muaj xws li:

- maj txiav txim rau cov plaub hau qauv;

- Ntxuav tawm thiab cov kab ntawm cov regrown plaub hau raug biozavivka;

- lub txheej txheem yuav tau rov qab tsis tos rau qhov kawg disappearance ntawm nws cov nyhuv.

Tab sis ua ntej yuav mus rau qhov tus tswv yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account lub nram qab no nansy:

- biozavivki technology yog tus complex, thiab koj yuav tsum scrupulously txoj kev ua tus xaiv ntawm tus tswv;

- nedolgosrochen nyhuv, txog 1-4 lub hlis (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov plaub hau, uas tsis waving, dyeing, muaj ib tug tuab qauv);

- biozavivka yog tsis pheej yig (nruab nrab 1500-3500 p.).

biochemistry txoj kev

Yuav ua li cas yog biochemistry, thiab yog dab tsi txoj kev yog siv rau cov kev tshawb fawb? Lawv xaiv nyob rau hauv lub hom phiaj thiab paub tab los ntawm cov kws kho mob. Lawv yog tsim los kawm biochemical qauv ntawm lub cell, mus soj ntsuam ua ib tug qauv uas tau hloov los ntawm lub cai thiab li pab rau kev tshawb nrhiav tus kab mob, qhia hais tias tus muaj zog ntawm rov qab, thiab hais txog. N.

1. Chromatography (txoj kev muaj nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm tshuaj nruab nrab ntawm ob theem: lub rooj noj thiab tsau).
2. Centrifugation (biomaterial yog muab tso rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb centrifuge cais ntshav los ntawm erythrocytes).
3. Electrophoresis (txoj kev tso cai siv tam sim no sib faib ntshiab cov nqaijrog).
4. Kev txiav txim ntawm tag nrho cov protein nyob rau hauv cov ntshiab los ntawm biuret cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (protein complex yog reacted nrog ib tug compound uas xim lub xeem tshuaj rau hauv liab doog).
5. Enzyme (urease) txoj kev rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm urea (reagent siv raws li urease enzyme). Cov kev muaj nyob rau hauv lub fact tias nyob rau hauv tus ntawm urease splits urea los tsim ammonia, thiab ces laij cov concentration ntawm cov kev kuaj.
6. Inhibition tsom xam (siv enzymes xws li superoxide dismutase (sod) ions ceev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov pa molecules nrog ib tug unpaired electron, uas tso cai rau mus kawm cov metabolism hauv hlwb thiab lub concentration ntawm enzymes nyob rau hauv cov ntshav).

Biochemistry - ib qho ntawm qhov zoo tshaj kev ntsuam xyuas hais, mob, kev kho mob xyuas, txiav txim ib tug muaj kev vam meej kev kho mob regimen.