Yuav ua li cas mus xaiv lub zoo tshaj plaws vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas rau ru tsev. Hom ntawm vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas rau ru tsev

Nyob rau hauv tsis ntev los no yav dhau los nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho kev ua lag luam ib tug tsawg ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rau lub ru tsev yog muaj. Nws twb nyob nrog slate, steel ntawv txheeb thiab galvanized. Tab sis qhov teeb meem no tau hloov: tam sim no cov neeg tsis yog li ntawd ib qho yooj yim mus xaiv ib cov nqeeb khoom siv rau lub ru tsev, vim hais tias cov kev ua lag luam muaj ib tug loj kev sib tw, thiab cov kab kev muaj txhab considerably.

kev xaiv

Txhua yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas nws muaj nws tus yam ntxwv, zoo los yog tsis zoo distinguishes nws los ntawm lwm tus neeg. Vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas rau ru tsev nyob rau hauv tej zaum yuav tsum tau sib txawv. Cov kev rau nws xaiv raws li nram no:

• Kev khiav hauj lwm tej yam kev mob (yuav tsum load). Rau nws cov kev xam yuav siv sij hawm tus luj ntawm lub-ru tsev qauv, nrog rau tag nrho nws cov ntsiab (rafters, battens, rwb thaiv tsev, etc.). Noj rau hauv tus account lub climatic tej yam kev mob ntawm lub cheeb tsam, nyob rau hauv particular qhov nruab nrab cua ceev thiab los nag (lub ceeb thawj ntawm lub daus cover).
• Lub architectural tshuaj. Cua ntsawj ntshab tsim tso cai rau txiav txim seb tus duab ntawm lub-ru tsev, raws li uas ib tug haum cov ntaub ntawv uas yog xaiv rau lub ru tsev. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj txiav txim siab siv tej hub pobzeb, cov kws kes duab vajtse yuav tsum ua raws li lub ru tsev suab ntawm 30-35 degrees. Qhov no mob yog tsim nyog los soj ntsuam rau ib tug muab khoom.
• Lub sij hawm ntawm lub lag luam, hluav taws kuj. Ntaub ntawv rau vov tsev yuav tsum tau xaiv nyob ntawm seb lub hom phiaj ntawm lub tsev, kev khiav hauj lwm tej yam kev mob. Piv txwv li, yog tsis muaj yuav tsum tau siv vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv rau lub ru tsev, tus nqi ntawm uas yog tus siab rau cov nyiaj txiag siv.

Lub durability ntawm cov ntaub ntawv

Muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv rau ru tsev muaj ib tug warranty lub sij hawm, uas ua hauj lwm xwb nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv nrog tsis yog mounting technology. Nyob rau hauv kev xyaum, lawv lub lag luam lub sij hawm yog ob peb lub sij hawm loj. Yog tsis muaj kev kho, lawv muaj nqe lus nram qab ntawm qhov kev pab:

• Bituminous corrugated nplooj ntawv - 15-25 xyoo;
• Asbestos-xis mas board (slate) - 30-40 xyoo;
• hlau - 30-50 xyoo;
• mos pobzeb - 30-50 xyoo;
• sawv leeg ru tsev - mus txog rau 50 xyoo;
• corrugated board - mus txog rau 50 xyoo;
• tej yam ntuj tso vuas - mus txog rau 100 xyoo;
• slate ru tsev - 150-200 xyoo.

ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom rau lub lag luam. Txawm li cas los, tsis yog txhua txhua hom ntawm vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas rau ru tsev muaj lub zog txaus, durability thiab huab cua zoo kuj. Nws yog to taub raws li ib tug muaj zog kuj mus te, huab cua acidity, corrosion, solar tawg. Muab xam los ntawm vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv rau lub ru tsev yuav tau nqa tawm ntawm nws tus kheej los yog nrog kev pab los ntawm cov kws txawj. Nyob rau hauv kev, nws cheeb tsam muab faib los ntawm lub cheeb tsam ntawm tus neeg hais ntawm cov khoom. Raws li cov tau cov ntaub ntawv, nws twb xam yuav tsum tau.

tej hub pobzeb

Lub ntsiab tivthaiv ntawm cov khoom - lub loj ntawm av nplaum yuav tsum tau kho nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb cua sov ntawm ib tug kub ntawm 1000 degrees, uas tib nws ua liab-xim av. Ua ntej firing, tej hub vuas yog them nrog ib tug tiv thaiv zaj duab xis los ntawm cov uas nag lossis daus raug muab tshem tawm ntau nraaj. Thaum cov qhov tso zis muab pobzeb ntsuas 30 los ntawm 30 cm thiab weighing 2 kg. Qhov no vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas rau ru tsev muaj ob peb subspecies: dog dig, tiaj siv, ib leeg-yoj, thiab lwm yam Sheave pobzeb. Pom zoo ru tsev nqes hav rau lawv daim ntawv thov - los ntawm 25-35 mus rau 60 degrees. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb mus soj ntsuam cov lus qhia nram qab:

1. Thaum tus nqes hav yog tsawg tshaj li 22 degrees yuav tsum tau nqa tawm kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv kev txhim kho waterproofing thiab ventilating.
2. Thaum ib tug nqes hav 22-60 degrees siv standard fasteners.
3. Thaum tus nqi yog ntau tshaj li 60 degrees, yog siv raws li ib tug ntxiv fastening screws, rau tes.

Cov ntsiab ntawm cov khoom sib thooj, los ntawm txoj kev txhav tas systems. Los ntawm furring pobzeb txuas vim lub qhov. Yog li ntawd, lub sab qaum ntsiab ntawm cov khoom tau tso nyob rau hauv qab, txoj kev ua ib tug tas mus txheej, xa tej to. Raws li twb tau hais, nws lub sij hawm ntawm lub lag luam tsis muaj kho mus txog 100 xyoo. Shingles siv rau vov tsev lub tsev ntawm cib, ntoo los yog pob zeb ntawm tej qhov siab. Nqi ib square meter, raws li ib tug txoj cai, yog los ntawm 25 mus 50 dollars. Siv vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv rau lub ru tsev, tus nqi ntawm uas yog npaum li cas tsawg yuav tsum tau nkag siab hais tias lawv zoo yog tsim nyog.

Qhov zoo ntawm cov pobzeb:

• yam tsawg kawg nkaus tus nqi ntawm kev tswj ib tug zoo (tu txhob txhaws, raws li zoo raws li lub zos kho yog nqa tawm tsuas ib xyoos ib zaug);
• suab nrov haum (suab nag yog yuav luag tsis hnov);
• kuj mus xeb;
• Nws yuav ua tsis tau hluav taws kub;
• siab te kuj;
• ntau yam ntawm cov xim;
• lub xub ntiag ntawm micropores, uas lub-ru tsev rau "ua pa". Lawv cia dej uas accumulates nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev, qhuav lub sij hawm.

disadvantages:

• ib tug ntau ntawm qhov ceeb thawj;
• tsawg zog;
• kev teeb meem nrog installation cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv txoj lug.

Maas-xuab zeb pobzeb

Vim lub fact tias tej hub pobzeb yog nej ib tug ntau ntawm qhov ceeb thawj, nws pom ib tug hloov, uas yog xis mas xuab zeb pobzeb. Nws yuav zoo heev pab txhawb lub tsim raws li ib tug tag nrho. Qhov no vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas rau ru tsev muaj MAAs, xuab zeb thiab hlau oxide. Cov yav tas yog ib tug zas xim. Maas-xuab zeb pobzeb visually zoo indistinguishable los ntawm tej hub. Nrog nws cov kev siv ntawm lub-ru tsev nqes hav yuav tsum 20-60 degrees. Pw vuas rau ib tug crate yog li ntawd lub ntsiab ntawm yav tas los kab twb staggered los ntawm ib nrab lawv dav. Raws li siv Anchorages tes uas txhaws nyob rau hauv lub qhov ua rau ntawm lub Hoobkas thaum lub sij hawm siv thiab ntawm lub pobzeb.

Zoo:

• kuj mus rau lwm ib puag ncig;
• te.

disadvantages:

• massiveness (thickness - 10 hli);
• zoo kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom thaum twg nws yog kev thauj (10%).

Maas-xuab zeb vuas no kuj siv rau vov tsev raws li cov ntoo thiab cib tsev ntawm txawv heights. Tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog 10-30 US $ / m ^2. Nws tso cai rau koj mus muab cov tib hniav nyhuv, raws li rau tej hub vuas, investing nrog tsawg nyiaj.

shingles

Nws nruab nrab fiberglass, uas wraps bitumen, txoj kev ua ib tug niaj hnub txheej rau ob tiaj sab. Thaum nws lub txheej yog thov posypku pob zeb, thiab sab - primer-nplaum nplaum, npaj rau tsevneeg mus rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub-ru tsev. Tej khoom uas yog dej num raws li "mos mos vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv rau lub ru tsev."

Sheet bituminous pobzeb muaj qhov ntev ntawm 1 m los ntawm 30 cm, ntsig txog. Tsaug rau nws cov yooj, yuav tau rov qab zoo yam daim ntawv ntawm lub ru tsev qauv. Khoom siv rau ru tsev nrog ib tug nqes hav ntawm ntau tshaj 12 degrees (nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev loj tsis muaj kev txwv). Nws yuav tsum tau siv ntawm litter txheej. Nws nteg nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev rau lath, uas tej zaum yuav sawv cev waterproof plywood los yog OSB.

Shingles yog feem ntau siv rau dai kom zoo ntawm lub tsev, villas, pej xeem vaj tse. Nws yog feem ntau kuj siv tau raws li vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas rau lub chaw rau tsheb ru tsev.

Zoo:

• cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis tawg thaum lub sij hawm thauj mus los thiab installation;
• Nws tsis xeb;
• Nws tsis rot, tsis xeb;
• nws yog ua tau rau ua ceev zos kho ntawm tus nqi qis tshaj;
• tsis muaj suab nrov thaum lub sij hawm los nag.

disadvantages:

• yuav muaj hluav taws kub;
• duab suav hais tias "ob chav kawm ntawv";
• raug ultraviolet lub teeb;
• yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav ntsia tau rau hauv lub caij ntuj no.

hlau

Nws yog ib tug ntawv ntawm galvanized steel nrog ib tug polymeric txheej, uas plays ib tug tiv thaiv luag hauj lwm. Manufacturers tsim ib cov ntaub ntawv uas nrog ib tug txawv tus naj npawb ntawm khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Hlau yog zoo nyob rau hauv kev ntxhib los mos rau "tais diav ntim chaws", tab sis nws tsis yog me me luaj li cas vuas, thiab tag nrho cov steel ntawv nrog textured ribbing. Lawv yog cov sib txawv ntawm cov loj, me, thiab lawv nruab nrab thickness yog 0.4 hli.

Material kom siv rau cov ru tsev nrog ib tug nqes hav ntawm dua 15 degrees. Tiv thaiv lub keeb kwm ntawm lwm tus, nws sawv yooj yim rau mount rau lub sheathing hlau vov tsev yog ruaj los yog tshwj xeeb vov tsev screws. Siv nws rau yuav luag txhua ru tsev lug, xws li los ntawm kiosks thiab xaus nrog high-sawv vaj tse los yog muaj chaw.

Rau ntau, qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas rau ru tsev nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm muaj nuj nqis rau cov nyiaj (nws nqi 2-3 lub sij hawm tsawg dua qhov saum toj no ob hom ntawm cov vuas).

Zoo:

• ceev installation;
• uas tsis muaj nqi;
• tsawg qhov ceeb thawj (35 kg / m ^2);
• lub dag lub zog (thaum lub sij hawm thauj tsis puas).

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yog nws cov tsis muaj suab nrov rwb thaiv tsev (los nag thiab lawg nrog los ntawm ib tug nrov nrov).

slate

Nws yog ib tug xis mas cov ntaub ntawv uas, lub dag lub zog uas yog nce asbestos fibers. Nws muaj 15% ntawm korotkovolnistogo asbestos thiab 85% ntawm Portland MAAs. Cov khoom ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub los xij nrog ib tug laim ntoom corrugation. Lawv overlapped rau lub sealing gasket thiab fastened mus rau lub sheathing tes. Qhov no vov tsev ru tsev zoo yog tawm nws cov lag luam thaum nws inclination yog nyob rau hauv ntau 12-60 degrees.

Slate mas siv rau plhis, lub caij ntuj sov chav ua noj thiab lwm cov tuam tsev ntawm me ntsis tseem ceeb. Feem ntau, nws yog tsim nyog qhov twg koj xav kom txuag (1 m ² nqi $ 2-3). Niaj hnub nimno vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv rau lub ru tsev ntawm lub siab zoo thiab txhim khu kev qha, tab sis lawv cov nqi yog ntau dua.

Zoo:

• kuj muaj lub dag lub zog;
• VR;
• Nws yuav txiav li.

cons:

• taus;
• unattractive;
• teeb meem rau kev noj qab nyob;
• accumulating noo noo (lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv nws yuav tshwm sim pwm, ntxhuab).

Profiled decking

Nws yog ib qho yooj yim vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas. Nws nruab nrab Profiled los xij ntawm galvanized hlau. Tsis nyob rau hauv lawv tej zaum yuav muaj ib tug Trapezoidal, sinusoidal los yog ib tug sib npaug lawm. Lawv ua cov ntaub ntawv ntau txaus nyiam thiab yooj yim docking ntawm nws cov nplooj.

Rau corrugated ru tsev nqes hav yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 10 degrees. Pawg khoom crate ntawm beams siv pergaminovoy ntswg uas tsub kom waterproofing zog. Muab lub decking screws.

Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas, ib yam li slate, overlapped nrog overlap ntawm 200 mm los yog ntau tshaj. Nws kuj advantageously siv rau kev tsim kho ntawm tej vaj tse. Kev siv cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam (factories, supermarkets).

Zoo:

• yooj yim installation;
• tus kwv tij cheapness;
• ntev kev pab cuam lub neej;
• ib tug txaus siab FLEXURAL zog.

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yog nws cov tsis muaj suab nrov rho tawm.

Steel leeg vov tsev

Qhov no txheej ntawm tus ntawv hlau, uas dej ntws dawb do txawm me me gradients. Cov nplooj ntawv tej zaum yuav galvanized, yas coated los yog uncoated. Zij ru tsev rau lub ru tsev steel yuav yuav 20 degrees. Lub ntsiab sib thooj, ntawm hooks ntawm ib sab los xij. Lub leeg tsim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog hu ua ib leeg los yog rebated compound.

Zoo:

• Nws tsis hlawv;
• Nws muaj ib tug txaus nyiam tsos;
• yooj;
• tau ua hauj lwm thaum uas tsis muaj kub;
• lub teeb yuag - 5.4 kg / m ^2.

disadvantages:

• raug cov neeg kho tshuab kev nyuaj siab;
• ru tsev yuav tsum tau ntxiv insulated.

Ru tsev ua los ntawm tej yam ntuj tso ntaub ntawv

Rau tej yam ntuj tso cov ntaub ntawv rau vov tsev muaj xws li straw, reeds, ntoo. Niaj hnub no, lawv siv yog ib qho kev zam rau txoj cai. Cov eco-friendly ntaub ntawv no mas siv rau hauv cov khw, cov chaw ntiav pw thiab lwm yam tsim tau. Muaj peev xwm siv tau, thiab tshiab vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv rau lub ru tsev, tab sis lub ntsiab hauj lwm yog nyiam cov xim ntawm tej cov neeg muas zaub, yog li txoj kev daws teeb meem muaj lub zoo dua.

tau

Ib tug ntau ntawm cov vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv yuav ua rau tej yam teeb meem. Tab sis lawv muaj peev xwm tsuas tshwm sim thaum tsis txaus paub. Thawj kauj ruam yog kawm tau lub thaj chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab lawv cov nqi ntau, tom qab uas xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv.