Yuav ua li cas mus nug ib tug general lo lus nug nyob rau hauv lus Askiv? piv txwv

Sib txuas lus nrog neeg txawv teb chaws tej zaum kuj cia li txaus piav tes piav taw, tab sis muaj tej lub sij hawm thaum nws yog tsis tshua muaj tsim nyog los qhia ntxiv ib yam dab tsi. Ntawm no thiab muaj teeb meem pib, vim hais tias ob peb tus neeg nco ntsoov yuav ua li cas teem ib qho lus nug nyob rau hauv lus Askiv. Cov kev cai feem ntau tau ntev lawm tsis nco qab lawm, thiab tus neeg cia li ploj lawm.

Pointless mus hais lus cam nrog lub fact tias ib lo lus nug yog muaj tseeb - nws yog ib tug ntawm qhov zoo tshaj thiab ceev tshaj txoj kev mus muab tau cov uas yuav tsum tau ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub interlocutor. koj yuav nrhiav tau tawm los ntawm nug:

• tus neeg lub npe;
• yuav ua li cas kom tau mus rau qhov chaw uas koj xav kom nws;
• ntaub ntawv hais txog koj cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub khw;
• hauv lub xeev ntawm nws noj qab haus huv, yog tias koj pom koj tus kheej nyob rau hauv ib tug lub tsev kho mob txawv teb chaws;
• yuav ua li cas nyob rau hauv ib qho xwm ceev los sis ib qho xwm txheej ceev thiab lwm tus neeg.

Txawm li cas los, cov neeg uas tsis paub lus Askiv, xav tias heev insecure nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm thaum koj xav tau hais tias ib yam dab tsi. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, lawv yog txaj muag hais dab tsi tag nrho, txawm yog hais tias lawv xav tau kev pab los yog kake tej meej. Yog li ntawd, muaj peev xwm intelligently tsim ib lo lus nug nyob rau hauv lus Askiv yuav muab cog qoob loo rau leej twg nyob rau hauv tej teeb meem no txawv teb chaws.

Yuav ua li cas hom ntawm cov lus nug nyob rau hauv lus Askiv

Siv cov kev faib ntawm txhua tus tib kab lus, feem ntau yog tsis ua dhau ntau yam kev nyuaj nyob rau hauv kev kawm lus, tab sis lub drafting ntawm cov lus nug muab uas muaj teeb meem. Tsuas yog ib tug to taub ntawm lawv cov qauv yuav qhia ntxiv rau lawv tus kheej, yuav ua li cas nug ib tug general lo lus nug nyob rau hauv lus Askiv. Lo lus nug hom muaj lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv thiab yog siv nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub los ntawm haiv neeg tham. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho muaj tsib hom ntawm cov lus nug, xws li:

1. Ib tug ntau nqe lus nug. Piv txwv li: Koj puas nyiam nyeem ntawv (Koj nyiam nyeem)?
2. Tshwj xeeb qhov teeb meem. Piv txwv li: Leej twg yuav no dab tuag lub kaus mom (Leej twg yuav phem ua luaj li lub kaus mom)?
3. Lwm lo lus nug. Piv txwv li: Koj zoo li comedies los yog dramas (Koj puas nyiam comedy los sis ua yeeb)?
4. Cov lus nug hais kom qhov kev kawm. Piv txwv li: Uas cwj mem yog koj li (Yuav ua li cas yog koj kov)?
5. Nkauj nraug lub qhov teeb meem. Piv txwv li: Cov me nyuam feem ntau noj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub, tsis lawv ( cov me nyuam feem ntau noj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub, tsis yog nws)?

Cia saib nyob rau hauv ntau yam yuav ua li cas nug ib tug general lo lus nug nyob rau hauv lus Askiv.

lub sij hawm qhov teeb meem

Qhov no yog qhov nyuaj thiab feem ntau ntau hom ntawm tsib uas twb muaj lawm sawv daws yuav. Nws yog hais kom lub tswv yim txog, thiab nws yuav tsum tau ib tug yooj yim txhua tus tib los yog tsis zoo lo lus teb. Xav txog cov piv txwv:

• Kuv nyiam noj mov chocolate. Koj puas nyiam noj mov chocolate? Yog, kuv ua li cas. Tsis yog, kuv ua tsis tau. - Kuv nyiam noj qhob noom xim kasfes. Koj puas nyiam noj qhob noom xim kasfes? Yog. Tsis
• Mark drives rau California txhua txhua lub hlis. Puas Mark tsav tsheb mus California txhua txhua lub hlis? Yog, nws ua li. Tsis muaj, nws tsis. - Mark mus rau California txhua txhua lub hlis. Mark mus rau California txhua txhua lub hlis? Yog. Tsis
• Lawv yuav coj Kate ib co txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Yuav lawv coj Kate ib co txiv hmab txiv ntoo? Yog, lawv ua tau. Tsis yog, lawv ua tau tsis tau. - Lawv yuav coj Kate txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Yuav lawv coj Kate txiv hmab txiv ntoo? Yog. Tsis

Nco ntsoov tias nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tsim ib tug general lo lus nug, yog tej zaum kuj siv koom haum pab lo lus «ua». Qhov no qhia txog kev ua thiab nws cov derivatives yog siv nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog nrog rau lwm cov verbs nug los yog kom tau zoo hom interrogative kab lus. Txawm li cas los, yog hais tias nws muaj qhov qhia txog kev «yuav tsum tau», siv cov koom haum pab lus «ua» tsis yuav tsum tau. Xav txog cov piv txwv:

• Nws yog ib tug siab zoo txiv neej. Yog nws ib tug siab zoo txiv neej? Yog tsis yog nws ib tug siab zoo txiv neej? - Nws yog ib tug siab zoo txiv neej. Nws yog ib tug siab zoo txiv neej? Yog nws lub siab dawb siab neeg?
• Lawv yog cov kws kho mob. Yog lawv cov kws kho mob? Yog lawv tsis kws kho mob? - Lawv nyob nraum kws kho mob. Lawv nyob nraum kws kho mob? Yog lawv cov kws kho mob?
• Lawv mus saib Margaret txhua txhua hnub Tuesday. Tsis lawv mus saib Margaret txhua txhua hnub Tuesday? Tsis txhob lawv mus saib Margaret txhua txhua hnub Tuesday? - Lawv mus saib Margaret txhua txhua hnub Tuesday. Lawv mus saib Margaret txhua txhua hnub Tuesday? Muaj lawv tuaj mus xyuas Margaret txhua txhua hnub Tuesday?

Siv cov kev faib ntawm cov nqe lus nug

Yuav ua li cas mus nug ib tug general lo lus nug nyob rau hauv lus Askiv? Qhov no yog yooj yim dua nws tej zaum yuav zoo li. Thawj thiab foremost koj xav mus nrhiav qhov qhia txog kev nyob rau hauv cov kab lus thiab txiav txim seb dab tsi muaj nuj nqi nws ua:

• qhia txog kev ua ligament (yuav tsum tau zoo li tus thiab nws cov derivatives - am, yog, yog);
• modal qhia txog kev ua (yuav tsum tau, xav tau, yuav, yuav tsum , yuav tau);
• ib tug tseem ceeb qhia txog kev ua (qhia txog kev ua ib yam, piv txwv li, dhia, mus, saib, ua hauj lwm, thiab li ntawm. d.).

Koj ces txhais tau cov nqe lus nug lub sij hawm. Tsis yuav tsis meej pem nrog nws txhais, sim tig uas kab lus rau hauv lub declarative kab lus. Piv txwv li, lub interrogative kab lus "Koj tus phauj hlub mus hu nkauj? 'Remake nyob rau hauv lub affirmative" Koj tus phauj hlub mus hu nkauj. " Thaum koj nrhiav tau qhov qhia txog kev thiab qhia kom meej lub sij hawm, mus rau qhov kev siv ntawm cov nqe lus nug.

lo lus thiaj

Lwm taw tes rau uas muaj ib tug nres rau cov neeg uas tsis paub yuav ua li cas nug ib tug general lo lus nug nyob rau hauv lus Askiv - lo lus txiav txim. Thaum nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus, peb cia li hloov lub suab nrov thiab tau txais cov interrogative kab lus, lus Askiv tsis ua hauj lwm. Yog xav thov ib yam dab tsi uas yog tsis txaus cia li mus hloov suab nyob rau hauv lub interrogative. Nyob rau hauv cov lus Askiv interrogative qauv yam ntxwv yog qhov rov qab kev txiav txim ntawm cov lus.

Qhov no txhais tau tias tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv no qhov teeb meem yog siv tej yam uas pab los yog modal qhia txog kev ua los yog qhia txog kev ua-nras «yuav tsum tau», nyob rau hauv txoj cai daim ntawv. Nram qab no yog cov kev kawm (feem ntau qhia tus kheej hais lo lus), ib tug predicate thiab lwm qhov chaw ntawm cov kab lus. Xav txog cov piv txwv:

1. Lawv nyiam kim tsheb (lawv hlub kim tsheb). Nyob rau hauv qhov kev piv txwv, «lawv» ua hauj lwm pab raws li ib tug kev kawm, thiab «zoo li» - qhov no yog qhov predicate. Tsis lawv nyiam kim tsheb (lawv hlub kim tsheb)? Ntawm no «ua» ua raws li ib tug pab lo lus, «lawv» - yuav tsum tau, «zoo li» - raws li ib tug predicate.
2. Peb yog phooj ywg (m s phooj ywg). Nyob rau hauv qhov kev piv txwv, «peb» - kawm thiab «yog» - predicate qhia txog kev ua daim ntawv «yuav tsum tau» rau lo lus «peb». Yog peb cov phooj ywg (m s phooj ywg)? Ntawm no «yog» ua raws li ib tug predicate, thiab «peb» - raws li cov kev kawm.
3. Nws yuav hu nkauj zoo (nws hu nkauj zoo). Nyob rau hauv qhov kev piv txwv, «nws» - kawm thiab «tau» - modal qhia txog kev ua. C ib tug nws hu nkauj zoo (nws hu nkauj zoo)? Ntawm no «tau» ua raws li ib tug predicate, uas los tawm rau sab saum toj, thiab «nws» - yog tseem yuav.

Lub tsev ib tug tsis zoo hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib lo lus nug

Thaum hais txog nrog qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov lus, koj yuav tsiv mus nyob rau tom ntej no taw tes tseem ceeb - yuav ua li cas nug ib tug general lo lus nug nyob rau hauv lus Askiv nyob rau hauv lub tsis zoo daim ntawv. Hais tias cov qauv nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus, raws li ib tug txoj cai, pib nrog cov lus "ua" los yog "tsis" thiab yog siv los qhia surprise thiab incomprehension. Scheme ntawm daim ntawv no yog tib yam li nyob rau hauv lub affirmative, tsuas yog siv «tsis» tsis zoo hais. Xav txog cov piv txwv:

1. Koj tsis nyiam peb Fabkis qhia ? - Tsis txhob koj nyiam peb Fabkis qhia ? - Tsis txhob tias koj hlub peb Fabkis qhia?

2. Yog lawv tsis nyob rau hauv kev ua hauj lwm? - Yog tsis lawv nyob ua hauj lwm? - Tsis txhob lawv ua hauj lwm?

3. peb yuav tsum tsis ua li no ua hauj lwm tag kis ? - Yuav tsum tsis peb ua li no ua hauj lwm tag kis ? - Yuav tsum tsis txhob peb ua cov hauj lwm tag kis?

Yuav ua li cas teb cov lus nug

Ib tug ntau nqe lus nug yuav tsum tau ib tug ntshiab "yes" los yog "tsis muaj", uas yog tsim nyob rau raws li nram no:

1. Zoo teb yuav siv cov lo lus «yog», qhov chaw thiab qhov qhia txog kev. Piv txwv li:

• Koj puas nyiam noj mov pos nphuab ncuav? Yog, kuv ua li cas. - Koj nyiam noj pos nphuab ncuav mog qab zib? Yog.
• Yuav tsum tau lawv mus rau cov neeg sab nrauv no hnub Friday ? Yog, lawv yuav tsum. - Yuav tsum yog lawv mus rau ib tug neeg sab nrauv no Friday? Yog.
• Yog nws ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm Harvard University? Yog, nws yog. - Nws yog ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv nyob rau ntawm lub Harvard University? Yog.

2. Ib tug tsis zoo teb yog muab raws li nram no: «tsis muaj» + lo lus + qhia txog kev ua + particle «tsis». Piv txwv li:

• Tsis lawv nyiam saib TV ua ntej yuav mus pw? Tsis yog, lawv tsis (tsis ). - Lawv nyiam saib TV ua ntej yuav mus pw? Tsis
• Yuav koj nyeem no tshiab tshiab? Tsis yog, kuv tsis tau (tsis tau ). - Koj yuav nyeem tau no tshiab tshiab? Tsis
• Yog Casandra nws tus phooj ywg tus muam? Tsis muaj, nws tsis yog (yog tsis ). - Kassandra - tus muam ntawm nws cov phooj ywg? Tsis

suab nta

Cov feem ntau nyuaj ib feem yog sab laug qab, vim hais tias koj twb muaj ib lub tswv yim ntawm yuav ua li cas teem ib qho lus nug nyob rau hauv lus Askiv. Cov kev cai poiznosheniya thiab raug - yog lwm tus taw tes rau uas muaj ib tug nres. Rau cov lus Askiv yog ib tug raug hais cov lus nug nrog ib tug microscopic laus. Qhov no laus yog siv nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov lus nug uas yuav tau teb unequivocally "yes" los yog "tsis tau." Tag nrho cov meej, cia peb xav txog nyob rau hauv ntau yam nyob rau hauv cov piv txwv:

1. 'Koj puas' zoo li no 'tshiab ↗films ( koj nyiam cov tshiab movies)? Qhov no interrogative kab lus, uas implies ib tug meej lo lus teb (yog / tsis yog), li ntawd, nws yog cov lus hais rau ib tug microscopic laus.
2. 'Yog nws ib tug ↗ rooj (e tog)? Qhov no interrogative kab lus yuav muab coj los teb unequivocally (yog / tsis yog), li ntawd, nws yog cov lus hais rau ib tug microscopic laus.
3. Muaj koj tau txais ib ↗ viv ncaus (koj muaj ib tug muam)? Cia li hais rau cov upward laus, vim hais tias nws yuav tsum tau ib tus tib "yes" los yog "tsis tau."

Tam sim no uas koj paub yuav ua li cas nug ib tug general lo lus nug nyob rau hauv lus Askiv. hais cai nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog heev yooj yim mus nco ntsoov.

xaus

Yog li, peb tau kawm tag nrho theoretical yam hais txog yuav ua li cas nug ib tug general lo lus nug - nyob rau hauv lus Askiv kab lus no yog cov feem ntau yooj yim thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab ntau, li ntawd, paub yuav ua li cas articulate nws, koj muaj peev xwm xav tias ntseeg nyob rau hauv kev sib tham nrog neeg txawv teb chaws txawv teb chaws. Yuav kom sau cov ntaub ntawv uas kawm tau, mus rau lub tswv yim ib feem.

Ce rau ntsaub

1. Yuav kom ua tau tus thawj ua hauj lwm, nco ntsoov txhua yam uas koj kawm tau ua ntej lawm, hais txog yuav ua li cas nug ib tug general lo lus nug. Nyob rau hauv lus Askiv, cov lus tshwm tom qab lub cim ↗, cov lus hais nrog ib tug microscopic suab:

• Yog nws ↗ qub?
• Koj ↗ nyiam nws?
• Yog nws yog ib tug ↗ rooj zaum?
• Yuav koj ↗ forger nws?
• Yuav tsum koj ↗ nyeem nws?
• Yog nws ↗ koj cwj mem?
• Yog koj ↗ cov kwv tij?
• Puas nws ↗ hlub koj?
• Yog nws ↗ qias neeg?
• Yog koj ↗ kaum xya?
• Tsis lawv feem ntau yog ↗ saib TV?
• Yuav koj rov hais dua ↗ tom qab kuv?
• Yog koj tus kwv tij ib tug ↗ policeman?
• Yog Mary ↗ zoo?
• Koj puas nyiam ua noj ua haus?

2. Teb cov nram qab no lus nug:

• Yog koj ib tug xib fwb?
• Peb yuav tsum tau mus rau hauv?
• Koj yuav pab tau kuv rau hnub Monday?
• Yog lawv txoj cai?
• Tsis lawv nyiam nws?
• Yog nws nws tus viv ncaus?
• Yuav koj ua luam dej?
• Yog nws lub npe Mark?
• Kuv puas yuav tsum kaw lub qhov rooj?
• Puas nws paub nws?
• Nws dhia?
• Yog nws pheej yig?
• Yog nws nyiam nuv ntses?
• Kuv tsis zoo?
• Yuav koj tsis nco qab txog nws?

3. Txhais cov nram qab no lus nug ua lus Askiv:

• Koj xav tuaj nrog kuv tag kis mus rau lub xinesmas?
• Nws yog nyob rau lub tsev tam sim no?
• Lawv lub tsheb liab?
• Koj muaj peev xwm tig tawm lub TV?
• Yog cov me nyuam no tsis zoo?
• Lawv yog cov zoo?
• Nws hlub cov tulips?
• Kuv puas yuav tau hu xov tooj rau nws?
• Nws yuav tsum mus rau hauv?
• Koj puas ua hauj lwm rau hnub Saturday?
• Koj puas nyiam mus mloog suab paj nruag?
• Qhov no yog lawv lub tsev?
• Muaj koj tsis nco qab lawm hais txog peb cov rooj sib tham?
• Yuav koj rov qab hais kab lus?
• Koj paub lawv niam lawv txiv?
• Koj puas ua hauj lwm ntawm no?
• Lawv pom peb?
• Yuav koj hu nws rov qab tag kis thaum sawv ntxov?
• Tsis txhob koj paub tias qhov twg yog lub tuam tsev no?
• Qhov no yog tib tug txiv neej?