Woodlands - qhov no physiographic cheeb tsam, situated nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub Polesie lowlands

Tsis pub dhau Polesie lowlands nyob Polesie cheeb tsam. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog thaj, tab sis kuj kev cai hauv cheeb tsam, uas tsim nyob rau nws tus kheej kev cai thiab tej pab pawg hais tias. Feem ntau ntawm Polesie yog nyob rau ntawm ib ncig ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Belarus thiab Ukraine.

Qhov twg yog qhov chaw?

Polesie stretches ib tug ntev sawb, yuav tsum vov plaub lub xeev: Poland, Belarus, Ukraine thiab Russia. Nws tag nrho cheeb tsam yog hais txog 270 txhiab square kilometers. Feem ntau ntawm nws lub teb chaws ncua raws lub sab ntawm lub Ukrainian-Belarusian ciam teb.

Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia Belarus, lub cheeb tsam occupies 30% ntawm cov chaw uas zoo heev nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia txog Ukraine - 19%. Nyob sab hnub poob nws npog ib tug me me ib feem ntawm lub Ljubljana xeev ntawm Poland, ntawm sab hnub tuaj - ib tug me me ya ntawm lub Bryansk cheeb tsam ntawm Russia.

Woodland lowland tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw depressions ntawm tectonic daim hlau. Nws tiaj puav yuav tsis muaj toj tsis tshaj 320 meters. Nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb ib feem ntawm lub lowland nyem yog ntau undulating, thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub pob zeb ntau ntau haiv neeg.

Woodlands - yog advantageously forests, swamps thiab meadows, alternating nrog txhua lwm yam. Lowland ua hauj lwm yog ua kev thiab ntau zoo li ib tug mosaic painting, muab faib los ntawm ib tug tuab network ntawm cov dej ntws. Raug Polesie ua hauj lwm yog kom meej meej pom nyob rau hauv lub paintings ntawm Ivan Shishkin.

yog tsis tshua muaj thiab cim ntuj ceg nyob rau hauv lub Polesie cheeb tsam. Cov no yog cov National Park "Shatsky Pas dej" thiab cov Shatsky Biosphere Reserve, Bialowieza tom hav zoov, ib tug xwm zeem cia "Pribuzhskoye Polesie" Cheremlyansky thiab Drevlyansky reserves, Poleski thiab Pripyat lub teb chaws tiaj ua si. Ib feem ntawm cov cheeb tsam cuam tshuam los ntawm lub Chernobyl kev huam yuaj, uas tau nyob rau hauv ib tug tawg-ecological cia nyob rau hauv lub Gomel cheeb tsam ntawm Belarus.

Belarusian Polesie

Daim ntawv qhia ntawm Belarus Polesie ncav us txog rau 500 kilometers thaum uas tig mus rau tus dej Pripyat. Hauv lub teb chaws, nws deepens los ntawm hais txog ob puas kis lus mev. Gorin dej thiab Yaselda conditionally faib nws mus rau hauv Western thiab Eastern qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm Belarus yog tseem muab faib ua tsib cheeb tsam: thaiv cov hlab, Brest, Gomel, Mozyr thiab Pripyat Polesie.

Lub meej qhov siab ntawm cov lowland nyob rau hauv Belarus tsis pub tshaj 150 meters. Nyob rau hauv ib txhia qhov chaw tshwm sim Moraine ridges thiab toj mus rau ob puas meters. Cov tsim ntawm lub zos topography pab cov kev ua ub no ntawm glaciers, thiab cov Pripyat River. Ntawm no muaj sod-podzol, floodplain, peat-swampy xau.

Xwm ntawm Belarus nyob rau hauv lub Polesie cheeb tsam yog sawv cev los ntawm mixed coniferous thiab deciduous hav zoov, lowland thiab dej meadows. Lub Belarusian Polesie loj hlob ntoo qhib, hornbeam, fir, ntoo thuv, Alder, birch. Nyob rau hauv qis heev sedges, grasses, mosses thiab noj nyom. Raug ntuj ceg tau raug fwm rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub Pripyat National Park.

Ukrainian Polissya

Ukrainian Olesya - ib tug qhab dav ntawm txog ib puas kilometers ntawm lub ciam teb nrog Belarus, uas npog lub chaw uas zoo heev ntawm Volyn, Sumy, Chernihiv, Zhytomyr thiab Kyiv cheeb tsam. Raws li qhov chaw txheeb ze mus rau lub Dnieper River, nws yog cais rau txoj cai-bank thiab sab laug bank.

Yog hais tias lub Belarusian Woodland struts yog tiaj tus, ces lub teb chaws ntawm Ukraine nws yog ntau dissected, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob ib feem. Muaj Polesie npog rau sab qaum teb-western tuaj txog pem ntwg ntawm lub crystalline ntaub thaiv npog, uas los tawm rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm quartz, granite thiab gneiss formations. Ib tug yog Slovechansko-Ovruchskyi boules, ncav us txog ntawm 60 kilometers nyob rau hauv ntev.

Ukrainian dej network Woodland daim ntawv dej Irpen, pos hniav, Sluch, Grouse, noj cov zaub mov, Stear. Yuav luag tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog cov tributaries ntawm lub Dnieper thiab Pripyat. Txoj kev nyab xeeb yog tsis kub tsis txias continental cheeb tsam. Qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo los nag mus txog 700 hli ntawm dej nag, uas pub tus dej ntws.

Cov pej xeem ntawm lub cheeb tsam

Lub hauv paus txawm pejxeem ntawm Polissya - ib tug haiv neeg Polishchuk. Lub sij hawm yog tsis tshua muaj siv raws li ib tug tus kheej thiab coined rau xa mus rau lub inhabitants ntawm lub cheeb tsam. Los ntawm cov keeb kwm lawv yog cov sab hnub tuaj Slavs, lub ze tshaj rau tus noob pas dej ua ke ntawm Ukrainians thiab Belarusians.

Tsis pub dhau no haiv neeg pab pawg neeg twb raug rho tawm raws li ntau Western Polischuks uas muaj yus kev cai, tab sis tsis txaus sib cais thiab tsim ib tug tib haiv neeg. Tej zaum qhov uas muaj cov tsev neeg Polischuks Derevlyany, Dulebs, Yatvingians, hmo, Dregovichi thiab t. D.

Cov Polischuks faib cais pab pawg me me:

• bolotyaki - cov neeg nyob ze nraum;
• teb neeg ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub zos nyob rau hauv qhov ntau los yog tsawg dua qhuav chaw;
• forests neeg - cov neeg nyob okololesnyh territories.

Ethnographers tham txog cov kev zoo sib thooj ntawm haiv neeg Ukrainians thiab Belarus, tab sis muab sau ib co sib txawv ob nyob rau hauv tsos thiab nyob rau hauv lub tsev. Txawm li cas los, thaum pib ntawm lub XIX xyoo pua nyob rau hauv ntau atlases cim raws li Ukrainians, thiab lawv cov lus mas suav hais tias ib tug lub suab hais lus.

Shatsky pas dej

Nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob ib feem ntawm Polesie tsim cheeb tsam uas muaj ntau ntau zoo spaced pas dej, tis npe hu ua Lake District Shatsky. Nws npog ntau tshaj peb caug loj pas dej yog feeb meej nyob rau hauv lub Volyn cheeb tsam ntawm Ukraine.

Nws yog cov coob reservoir Svitiaz nrog 26 square kilometers. Nws yog tus thib ob loj tshaj plaws nyob lub pas dej nyob rau hauv Ukraine. National Park twb tsim los tiv thaiv cov pas dej thiab lub lwm tus xwm. Nws npog thaj 48 txhiab hectares.

Shatsk pas dej yog tag nrho ntawm ntses, uas nyob: .. Trout, perch, whitefish Peipsi, Amur carp, pike, eel, perch, catfish, pike, kab laum, etc., tawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm zes Waterfowl. Lub tiaj ua si yog ntau waterlogged, dhau li ntawm tus pas dej no muaj ntau pas dej thiab swamps. Local nroj tsuag yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv mosses thiab algae.

Lub tiaj ua si yog loj hlob ntau tshaj 70 hom ntawm fungi, thiab ntau tshaj 32 lub zos cov nroj tsuag uas muaj npe raws li sim, ntawm lawv - ntau hom zhiryanok, lyubok, rosyanok, tsis tshua muaj birch thiab poj niam txoj kev nkawm khau. Tsis tshua muaj los yog endangered tsiaj tsiaj nyob rau hauv lub pas dej Shatskikh, muaj txog 33: copperhead, dub storks, daj heron, dej warbler, grey crane thiab lwm tus neeg.

Bialowieza hav zoov

Lwm cim ntuj complex nyob rau hauv woodlands - nws Bialowieza tom hav zoov. Nws yog nyob rau ntawm ib ncig ntawm Belarus thiab Poland thiab occupies 161.000 hectares. Bialowieza Hav zoov - fwm tej yam qub qab lowland hav zoov - Toj roob hauv pes, situated nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam uas muaj ntau preglacial lub sij hawm.

Number ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu nyob rau hauv lub Bialowieza Hav zoov surpasses tag nrho tej yam ntuj tso ceg nyob rau hauv teb chaws Europe. Tsuas yog nceb no muaj ntau tshaj 500 hom, hais txog lub tib yam ntawm mosses thiab Lichens thiab txog 1,000 vascular cov nroj tsuag. Nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov inhabited los ntawm owls, owls, eagles, dav dawb hau, nab dav dawb hau, badgers, lynx thiab txawm nyuj qus.

Nyob rau hauv prehistoric lub sij hawm, cov forests them ib tug loj ib feem ntawm cov teb chaws Europe, tab sis twb nws thiaj li puas lawm. Nyob rau hauv nws thawj daim ntawv natural complex fwm no xwb.