Tus ntaus ntawv puab: lub tswvyim, loj, me, lub hom phiaj

Electrodynamic loudspeaker - ib tug ntaus ntawv uas converts ib tug hluav taws xob lub teeb liab mus rau hauv lub suab los ntawm kauj zog nrog ib tug tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib tug sib nqus teb ntawm mus tas li cov hlau nplaum. Nrog rau cov pab kiag li lawm peb raug nyob rau hauv ib tug txhua txhua hnub. Txawm yog hais tias koj tsis yog ib tug kiv cua loj ntawm cov suab paj nruag thiab tsis txhob siv ib nrab ib hnub nyob rau hauv lub headphones. Hais lus yuav nruab muaj televisions, radios nyob rau hauv tsheb thiab txawm xov tooj. Lub ib txwm mechanism rau peb yeej yog ib tug tag nrho complex ntawm hais, thiab nws cov ntaus ntawv - ib tug yeej muaj tseeb ua hauj lwm ntawm engineering kos duab.

Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, ib tug los ze zog saib puab ntawm lub ntaus ntawv. Cia peb kawm txog ib co ntawm cov Cheebtsam ntawm no ntaus ntawv yog thiab yuav ua li cas lawv ua hauj lwm.

zaj dabneeg

Hnub pib ib tug me me excursion mus rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm electrodynamics invention. Tham txog ib tug zoo li hom tau siv nyob rau hauv lub lig 20-ies ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo. Xov tooj Tswb ua hauj lwm rau ib tug zoo xws li cov ntsiab cai. Nws twb tshuab txais daim nyias nyias uas txav nyob rau hauv lub magnetic teb ntawm mus tas li cov hlau nplaum. Cov hais lus tau ib tug xov tooj ntawm loj drawbacks: zaus distortions, tsis tau ntawm lub suab. Yuav kom daws tau cov teeb meem txuam nrog rau classical hais lus, Oliver Lorge pom tias cov kev siv ntawm lawv tus kheej kev. Nws lus twb tsiv thoob plaws lub kab. Ib me ntsis tom qab, ob tug ntawm nws cov npoj yaig txais tshuab mus rau tus neeg ua lag luam thiab patented ib tug tshiab tsim ntawm electrodynamics, uas yog muab kev koom tes rau hnub no.

ntaus ntawv hais lus

Cov hais lus muaj ib tug es nyuab qauv thiab yog li ntawm ib tug plurality hais. Nyob rau hauv daim duab, cov lus ntaus ntawv (saib. Hauv qab no) qhia tau hais tias qhov tseem ceeb cov ntsiab lus los ntawm cov uas tus hais lus yog kev khiav hauj lwm kom raug.

Acoustic hais lus apparatus muaj raws li nram no Cheebtsam:

• ncua kev kawm ntawv (los yog ntug corrugations);
• Diffuser (los yog daim nyias nyias);
• cap;
• lub suab kauj;
• cov tub ntxhais;
• magnetic system;
• diffuzoroderzhatel;
• Saj zawg zog cov lus xaus.

Nyob rau hauv sib txawv cov qauv ntawm cov sib txawv hais lus cim kev tsim yuav tsum tau siv. Classical puab ntawm tus dais zoo hais tias txoj kev.

Xav txog txhua tus neeg yam ntxwv hais nyob rau hauv ntau yam.

ntawm ntug ntawm lub corrugations

Qhov no lub caij tseem hu ua lub "dab tshos". Nws yog ib lub hnab yas los sis roj hmab edging piav txog electrodynamic mechanism tshaj tag nrho cheeb tsam. Tej zaum, raws li ib puag cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj ntaub ntawv nrog tus tshwj xeeb tej yam ntuj tso fabrics, attenuating oscillations txheej. Lub corrugations raug muab faib tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm hom ntawm cov khoom los ntawm qhov uas lawv ua, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub cev. Cov feem nrov subtype - polutoroidalnye profiles.

Los ntawm "dab tshos" kom ib tug xov tooj uas yuav tsum tau, raws li uas hais txog nws cov high quality. Cov thawj yuav tsum tau - yooj. Lub resonant zaus ntawm lub corrugation yuav tsum tsis muaj. Qhov thib ob yuav tsum tau - corrugations yuav tsum zoo secured thiab muab tsuas yog ib hom - thaum uas tig mus. Qhov thib peb yuav tsum tau - ntseeg. "Dab tshos" yuav tsum txaus teb rau cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv kub thiab "ib txwm" coj thiab tsim kua muag, thaum tswj nws zoo rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm.

Yuav kom ua tau qhov zoo tshaj plaws tshuav nyiaj li cas nyob rau hauv lub tsawg zaus suab txhua siv roj hmab bellows, thiab ib tug siab - daim ntawv.

diffuser

Lub ntsiab radiating khoom nyob rau hauv lub electrodynamics ntawm ib tug diffuser. Hais lus lub khob hliav qab yog ib tug piston uas tsiv nyob rau hauv ib tug ncaj li thiab cia thiab koom tes rau amplitude zaus yam ntxwv (hereinafter AFC) nyob rau hauv ib tug linear zam. Los ua lub oscillation zaus pib khoov diffuser. Vim hais tias ntawm no, muaj thiaj li hu ua sawv tsis tau hais tias, nyob rau hauv lem, ua rau xyaws thiab nce nyob rau hauv lub teeb curves. Yuav kom txo tau no cov nyhuv, designers siv stiffer diffusers ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas qis ceev. Yog hais tias cov lus qhia loj yog 12 nti, lub ntau yam ntawm frequencies nws yuav sib txawv ntawm 1 kilohertz rau cov uas tsis frequencies, 3 kilohertz 16 kilohertz thiab nruab nrab kom siab.

• Diffusers yuav tawv. Lawv yog ua los ntawm tej hub los sis txhuas. Tej khoom muab qhov tsawg tshaj plaws qib ntawm distortion. Hais lus nrog txhav cones yog cov ntau ntau kim counterparts.
• Mos diffusers no yog ua los ntawm polypropylene. Cov kuaj muab cov feem ntau cov mos mos thiab sov suab tsis vim haum ntawm ib tug mos mos khoom.
• Semi diffusers sawv cev rau ib tug nruab nrab. Lawv yog ua los ntawm Kevlar los yog fiberglass. Distortions provoked los ntawm xws li ib tug diffuser, yog siab tshaj uas ntawm ib qho nyuaj, tab sis tsawg dua qhov muag.

cap

Lub hau yog ib tug plhaub ntawm cov khoom cua los yog cov ntaub so ntswg uas nws lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi - kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov lus qhia los ntawm hmoov av. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub hau plays ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm ib tug tej yam suab. Nyob rau hauv kev, thaum uas ua si midrange. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ruaj ntseg hauv lub feem ntau nyuaj kaus mom ua hloov puab, muab lawv ib tug me ntsis khoov. Raws li koj tej zaum twb to taub, ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raws li lub sij hawm vim rau qhov tseeb hais tias mus cuag ib tug tej yam suab. Hoob no yog ib tug ntaub nrog txawv impregnation, zaj duab xis, cellulose compositions thiab txawm hlau mesh. Cov yav tas, nyob rau hauv lem, ua ntau thiab muaj nuj nqi ntawm lub radiator. Aluminium los yog steel mesh tuskheej tshaj thaum tshav kub kub ntawm lub kauj.

tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws

Tej zaum nws kuj hu ua "kab laug sab". Qhov no yog ib tug weighty neeg pov tseg ntawm cov lus qhia lub khob hliav qab thiab nws cov vaj tse nyob. Lub washer teeb meem yog kom muaj ib tug ruaj khov resonance rau woofers. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib qho tseem ceeb yog hais tias tus chav tsev muaj cov cia li hloov nyob rau hauv kub. Washer fixes rau txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub kauj thiab tag nrho cov mus system, thiab sib nqus kis kaw, tiv thaiv ingress ntawm hmoov av. Classic tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws yog ib tug yeej corrugated disc. Ntau niaj hnub versions saib ib tug me ntsis txawv. Ib txhia manufacturers txhob txwm tshaj tawm hloov tus duab ntawm lub corrugations li uas ua rau kom cov zaus linearity thiab tswj tus duab ntawm lub Puck. Qhov no tsim heev muaj feem xyuam rau tus nqi zog. Lub txuas yog ua los ntawm nylon, los yog tooj liab sheeting. Cov yav tas kev xaiv, raws li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub hau ua raws li ib tug mini-radiator.

Suab kauj thiab magnet system

Yog li ntawd peb tau txais mus rau lub caij, uas, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lub luag hauj lwm rau lub suab tu tub tu kiv. Lub magnetic system yog nyob rau hauv ib tug me me kis thiab sib nqus Circuit Court ua ke nrog lub kauj converts hluav taws xob lub zog. Sib Nqus system nws tus kheej - yog ib tug magnet system nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib ncig thiab cov tub ntxhais. Therebetween thaum lub sij hawm ntawm lub suab tu tub tu kiv mus lub suab kauj. Ib qho tseem ceeb ua hauj lwm ntawm designers - tsim ib yam magnetic teb nyob rau hauv lub nqus system. Yuav kom qhov no kawg, manufacturers ntawm hais lus yuav tsum qhia tau tseeb meej ncej thiab haum nrog ib tug tooj liab cov tub ntxhais taub. Tus tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub suab kauj nkag los ntawm saj zawg zog hais lus tso zis - pa hlau txhab tshaj ib tug hluavtaws thread.

hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov lag luam

Nrog rau cov ntaus ntawv hais lus txheeb, peb mus rau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua hauj lwm. Cov kev khiav hauj lwm hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm puab yog raws li nram no: tam sim no ntws nyob rau hauv lub kauj ua rau nws yuav tsum tau perpendicular mus hloov mus hloov los nyob rau hauv lub magnetic teb. Qhov no system entrains lub diffuser, yuav ua rau nws ywj faj ywj fwm nrog ib zaus ntawm tus nkag tam sim no, thiab tsim tsis tawm. Lub diffuser pib co thiab tsim suab tsis, uas yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi los ntawm cov tib neeg pob ntseg. Lawv yog cov nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug hluav taws xob lub teeb liab kis tau mus rau lub amplifier. Li no, lub suab zoo nkaus li.

Zaus nyob rau hauv lub thickness ntawm lub magnetic cores thiab hais lus loj. Nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau tsub kom magnetic kis nyob rau hauv lub nqus system, thiab nrog nws, thiab tsub kom lub zoo kauj feem. Uas yog vim li cas lub compact hais lus tsis tau leg lub uas tsis muaj frequencies nyob rau hauv ntau 16-250 Hz. Lawv yam tsawg kawg nkaus pib zaus ntawm 300 Hertz pib thiab xaus ntawm 12,000 Hertz. Uas yog vim li cas lub zog ntawm hawb pob, thaum twg koj mus wriggle tawm ntawm lub suab mus rau lub siab tshaj plaws.

Nominal hluav taws xob kuj

Hlau muab tam sim no mus rau lub kauj muaj kuj thiab reactance. Yuav kom txiav txim seb qhov theem ntawm lub yav tas nws engineers ntsuas ntawm ib zaus ntawm 1000 Hz thiab lub resulting tus nqi yog ntxiv rau cov kuj ntawm lub suab kauj. Feem ntau cov hais lus kuj theem yog 2, 4, 6 los yog 8 ohms. Qhov kev xaiv no yuav tsum raug xam tias yog thaum nriav ib tug amplifier. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau pom zoo nyob rau theem ntawm load.

zaus band

Nws twb tau hais tias feem ntau ntawm cov electrodynamics plays xwb ib feem ntawm cov zaus hais tias cov neeg yuav perceive. Ua ib tug ntau yam hais lus uas yuav ua si rau tag nrho cov ntau yam ntawm 16 Hertz mus rau 20 kilohertz yog tsis yooj yim sua, li ntawd, lub zaus mas muab faib ua peb pawg: tsawg, medium thiab siab. Tom qab hais tias, cov designers pib tsim lub puab nyias rau txhua zaus. Qhov no txhais tau tias lub woofers yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau tiv nrog lub ntses bass thaj tsam. Lawv ua hauj lwm rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm 25 Hz - 5 kHz. High-no yog tsim los ua hauj lwm nrog qw highs (li cov noun - "beeper"). Lawv ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub kilohertz ntau zaus 2 - 20 kHz. Midrange unit nyob rau hauv ntau ntawm 200 Hz - 7 kHz. Engineers tseem sim los tsim high-zoo broadband hais lus. Alas, tus nqi zog yog tsis tooj mus rau nws zoo thiab tsis laij nws.

Ib me ntsis txog mobile hais lus

rau tus xov tooj hais lus yog txawv los ntawm "neeg laus" qauv raws kev. Nrhiav ib tug complex mechanism nyob rau hauv lub mobile lub cev yog tsis muaj, vim li ntawd engineers tau mus rau lub ua kom yuam kev thiab hloov ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov ntsiab. Piv txwv li, lub coils ua tshais, thiab es tsis txhob siv daim nyias nyias diffuser. rau tus xov tooj hais lus zoo heev yooj yim zog, yog li ntawd, mus kom lawv lub suab tsis muaj nqis zoo.

Cov ntau zaus hais tias yuav them rau ib lub caij ho roj. Raws li nws lub suab, nws yog los ze zog mus rau lub high-zaus pab kiag li lawm, raws li nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm tus xov tooj muaj yog tsis muaj ntxiv qhov chaw rau lub installation ntawm tuab magnetic cores.

Tus ntaus ntawv puab nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj txawb no tsis yog tsuas qhov luaj li cas, tab sis kuj cov tsis muaj kev ywj siab. peevxwm ntawm qhov ntaus ntawv yog tas rau cov software. Qhov no yog ua los tiv thaiv tus tsim ntawm tus hais lus. Muaj ntau tshem tawm no tsis pub tshaj manually, thiab ces hais: "Yog vim li cas yog hawb pob hais lus?"

Nyob rau hauv qhov nruab nrab smartphone tsim ob xws ntsiab. Ib Elementary, lwm suab paj nruas. Tej zaum lawv cov chav mus cuag ib tug tso suab nyhuv. Ib txoj kev los sis lwm, mus cuag lub qhov tob thiab richness nyob rau hauv lub suab yuav tsuas yuav nrog ib tug tag nrho lub tso suab system.