Turkmen pua: ib tug txheej txheem cej luam, hom, ntau lawm thiab xyuas

Txij ancient sij hawm, ntaub pua plag, xuas tes ua, nyob rau hauv Turkmen lub neej twb zoo kawg thiab tseem ceeb. Cov khoom uas muaj "koom" nyob rau hauv kev thov Vajtswv, muab solemnity tsev neeg sib sau ua ke, hloov chests. Turkmen pua yog siv rau cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub tsev, raws li zoo raws li ua lawv cov kho kom zoo nkauj.

lub teb chaws muaj nyiaj

Nyob rau hauv Turkmenistan, cov khoom no yog tiag tiag ib lub teb chaws cov khoom muaj nqis. Turkmen pua yog xuas tes ua - ib tug tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm sab ntsuj plig thiab cov khoom tivthaiv ntawm kab lis kev cai. Lub ntsiab siv nyob rau hauv ua ntaub pua plag, thiab pheej rov qab nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws cov cim. Thaum tsim architectural masterpieces ntawm lub teb chaws tau muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv uas zoo sib xws kev coj.

Turkmen pua - lub embodiment ntawm tus ntsuj plig, kab lis kev cai thiab kos duab rau ntawm tus neeg. Qhov ntawd yog vim hais tias lub teb chaws hniav xws tseem ceeb rau cov khoom. ntaub pua qhia txog yam tshiab yog yuav tau qhia tsis tsuas yog ntawm lub cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv uas nws tau tsim, tab sis kuj yuav ua li cas tus tswv yeej ua. Uninitiated tib ntaub pua qhia txog cov kev lis kev cai, lub symbolism ntawm cov neeg, cov neeg uas nyob cheeb tsam thiab qhov xwm ntawm Turkmenistan. Tej ntaub pua plag, tsis muaj teeb meem uas nws tau ua, nws muaj nws "soul", nws "ntsej muag" no sib txawv los ntawm lwm yam uas zoo sib xws.

Txawm niaj hnub no, ib tug zoo neeg ntaub pua plag complements tus tsim ntawm lub tsev, muab kev nplij siab. Khoom Zoo hais txog tsev neeg affluence. Insulating zog tso cai rau koj txuag rau lub cua sov.

Tsim pua nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws tab sis Turkmenistan yog ib tug ntawm ob peb qhov chaw uas lub fishery tau ua nrov thoob lub ntiaj teb no. Turkmen ntaub pua plag, tus nqi yog heev siab heev (txog 100 txhiab. Tshiav.), Nws yog ib qho thoob ntiaj teb hom. Buyers yog heev fond ntawm cov khoom, thiab nyob rau ntau lub miv lawv yeej prizes.

zaj dabneeg

Nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov ntaub pua plag ornaments yog tib cov qauv nyob rau hauv lub tais diav ntim chaws hnub tim 4 xyoo txhiab BC. Lub hiob ntaub pua plag, fwm txog tam sim no, tau manufactured nyob rau hauv 5 xyoo pua BC. e. Zaum tau tsim muaj uas nws belongs rau pazyrskoy kab lis kev cai. Nyob rau ib lub sij hawm tom qab, cov khoom tau exported rau lwm lub teb chaws, uas tau txais lub npe ntawm tus Parthian, Bukhara thiab Persian.

Nyob rau hauv lub ancient Turkmen pua tau ua rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm tsev neeg xav tau kev pab. Lawv tau siv raws li rwb thaiv tsev yurts, qhov rooj yuav kub hnyiab tau, hnab.

Tus thawj pua tau ua los ntawm ntshiab wool, lawv twb dai kom zoo nkauj nrog geometric qauv, uas nyob rau hauv sib txawv pab pawg neeg yog sib txawv dog dig. Ib tug zoo ntaub pua yog ib lub cim ntawm wealth thiab hwj chim.

Turkmen pua, rau cov uas tus nqi yog incredibly siab, heev npaum li cas menyuam, xws li emperors. Tom qab ntawd, daim ntawv sau pov thawj ntawm qhov kev thov rau cov khoom. Cov thawj xws reference yog sau hnub tim 900-mi xyoo. Lub ntiaj teb no-nrov explorer Marco Polo admired pua, hais txog hais tias yog thinner thiab zoo nkauj tshaj tshaj lawv yog ib qho nyuaj mus nrhiav.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19 Turkmen pua pib yuav tsum tau xa mus rau lub tso rau neeg pom nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States, Russia thiab European lub teb chaws. Connoisseurs ntawm contemporary kos duab txaus siab rau cov kuaj.

Los ntawm ancient sij hawm, lub koob meej ntawm Turkmen pua mus taug kev nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, qhov uas lawv cov menyuam mus hnub no.

hom

Nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws, cov khoom uas yog lub npe hu nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm Bukhara. Qhov no tshwm sim rau yog vim li cas hais tias lawv tau Ameslikas ncua mus Bukhara bazaars.

Webs ua rau ib tug loj heev lub teb chaws nyob hauv Npanpiloo los ntawm Turkmens, xa mus rau Turkmen pua. Qhov no cheeb tsam muaj cov Turkmen, Baloch, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan. Niaj hnub no, qhov no pab pawg neeg no muaj xws li cov khoom Tekke, Tekin, Salor, Yomut thiab lwm tus neeg.

• Tekke. Nws yog lub npe los ntawm ib tug ntawm cov haiv neeg - Tekke. Teke Turkmen ntaub pua yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug general ib feem - gel, muab faib ua plaub qhov chaw.
• Yomut. Qhov no pab pawg neeg ntawm pua manufactured nyob rau hauv cov pab pawg neeg nrog rau qhov no lub npe. Pab no yog pab pub ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov qauv thiab yeej. Ib hom - Diagonal kab ntawm cov yeeb yuj octagons. Nyob rau tim ntug kev thiab latch xwm hooks. On thib ob hom octagons cov txheej txheem mas, lawv yog inscribed tsiaj nrog ob tug hau.
• Salor. Ua pawg neeg Salor. Qhov no lub teb chaws yog tus hiob nyob rau hauv Turkmenistan. Qhov no style yog yus los mus faib cov kib mus rau hauv 4 qhov chaw. Nuj nqis tsiaj yog nyob rau hauv txhua cheeb tsam ntawm lub kib.
• Ersari. Raws li yuav tau menyuam, nws ua lawv pawg neeg Ersari. Tus kheej qauv, qhov no lub teb chaws yog tsis tsim, yog li lub medallions rau lawv siv ntaub pua tsev tsis tau raws li. Ornamental nroj tsuag thiab muaj nkhaus ntsiab coj los ntawm lwm haiv neeg.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus tsoos khoom yuav nyob ntawm no nrog portraits thiab ntau yam kev kawm. Thov Vajtswv mats yog tshwj xeeb.

ntaub ntawv

Mas rau qhov siv thiab ua cov ntaub pua plag siv lub zoo tshaj plaws yaj Chais ya cov plaub. PLAUB HAU nrhiav tawm nyob rau hauv nws cov xim, uniformity, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov coloring. Tej zaum siv raws li tus puag txhob lo lo ntxhuav los yog paj rwb.

weaving

Feem ntau cov feem ntau asymmetrical Persian knot yog siv, tab sis ib txhia neeg yog symmetrical Turkish pob caus. Los ntawm lwm paintings Turkmen pua yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug pheej rov qab ua qauv thiab kab txaij stylized drawings rau pem hauv ntej.

xim

Nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov feem ntau ntawm cov ntaub pua plag siv maroon strands hais tias ua li cov tom qab. Nyob rau hauv lub tsim txog yam tshiab dua dub, txiv kab ntxwv, ntsuab thiab xiav xim. Nrog kev pab los ntawm dub threads uas yog lub cim ntawm lub caij dej, framed los ntawm ornaments.

dyes

Kom txog thaum lub 19th caug xyoo, nws tau siv tej yam ntuj tso nruj me ntsis dyes, tab sis lawv hloov los ntawm pheej yig dua cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua xeem. Txawm lawv tej chaw, qhov no coj mus rau ib tug deterioration ntawm lub zoo ntawm pua. Txawm li cas los, nce qib nyob rau hauv technology ua rau nws ua tau kom tau niaj hnub xim, raws li nyob ze rau ntuj. Tam sim no, feem ntau siv tshuaj dyes.

ornaments

Critics ntseeg tau hais tias cov ntaub pua plag qauv ua rau cov keeb kwm tag nrho ntawm lub teb chaws. Tej cim nws muaj nws tus kheej lub ntsiab lus, thiab cov gel - ib Rev ntawm cov cim. Tej cais pab pawg neeg ntawm cov neeg tsim ib proprietary gel.

Turkmen pua tseem khaws ib co kua nplaum ntawm keeb kwm thiab kev cai dab qhuas currents uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws.

Cov neeg ntawm Turkmenistan koom nyob rau hauv cov ntaub pua plag ntsis mov nplaum ntau dua ib tug Millennium, uas yuav tsis kom ib tug cim rau ntawm cov ua cim ntawm nws cov tswv cuab. Qhuav ntawm ntaub pua yuav siv sij hawm ib tug ntau lub sij hawm yuav tsum tau ib tug ntau ntawm cov xim thiab ua siab ntev. Dua li ntawm qhov es drab tsos, nws yuav tsum tau concentration thiab ib tug zoo cim xeeb rau lawv siv thiab ua. Txawm kev cai dab qhuas cov thawj coj wove pua, vim tus txheej txheem qhia kev ua siab ntev thiab tempers tus ntsuj plig, uas yog tsim nyog rau lub afterlife.

Txhua yam khoom yog tsim los ntawm embedding ib qho zoo kawg zog. Zoo kawg li zog ua hauj lwm ntawm cov neeg muab lub teb chaws ib tug Golden muaj hnub nyoog. Cov soj ntsuam ntawm ntawm lub East hais tias txhua txhua hnub yuav tsum tau kaum tawm txhiab tus lub sij hawm los tuav ib tug hnyav caj hlau, uas ua nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm wool thiab xov. Qhov no ua hauj lwm yog nyob rau hauv tus quab yuam ntawm txhua txhua strongman, thiab Turkmenistan yog cov ntau ntawm cov poj niam. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub pua cov poj niam sib piv cov nqi ib tug tshaj plaws ntawm txoj kev xav, kev cia siab thiab cov tswv yim. Yog hais tias peb txhais tau cov nqi zog siv rau lub tsev lag luam ntawm cov ntaub pua plag nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev, nws hloov tawm hais tias txhua yam khoom tsim peb puas nees lub hwj chim. Ntau zog yog yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ci ntsa iab rau hauv lub medium-qhov loj qhov me lub zos 8 teev.

Xyuas

Txawm tias muaj tseeb tias niaj hnub no, tau txais kev pab yog ua kom tsis txhob muab tej ntaub pua plag nyob rau hauv lawv tej tsev, namely Turkmen xuas tes ua ntaub pua yog ib lub cim ntawm kev nplij siab, wealth thiab zoo saj. Txawm tias tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub pua plag, thiab niaj hnub no lawv muaj ib tug lossis loj nram qab no. Cov neeg qhuas extraordinary designs thiab zoo heev cov khoom zoo. Lawv txaus siab them nyiaj loj rau lub cim tsim yaam tshab ntawm tib neeg txhais tes. Raws li cov kev txheeb xyuas, cov khoom zoo tswv yim, zoo nkauj thiab muaj siab kuj hnav.