Tu-414: Lavxias teb sab aircraft rau Lavxias teb sab tej yam kev mob

Lavxias teb sab aircraft lag luam yog ib tug ntawm cov hiob nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Peb cov dav hlau yog thawj thiab feem ntau tsis muaj analogues txawv teb chaws. Txoj kev nyab xeeb thiab cov huab cua puag nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm Russia coj mus rau qhov yuav tsum tau rau cov cav tov uas tau raug nruj heev heev rau Lavxias teb sab tseeb. Yog li ntawd, yog ib tug Tu-414 rau cov domestic civil aviation. Qhov no yog tsis yog ib tug dav hlau, nws yog ib qho kev zoo tswv yim txog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm huab cua tsheb nyob rau hauv Russia.

Regional aircraft los ntawm Lavxias teb sab qauv

Yuav ua li cas yog lub cheeb tsam dav hlau? Qhov no, saum toj no tag nrho, mid-range thiab luv luv-ntau cov hlab ntsha. Feem ntau cov feem ntau lawv tseem me me. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, lawv yog nruab nrog turboprop xyaw thiab tsis muaj lub biggest cia. Qhov no dav hlau tsis haum mus rau hauv xws li ib tug lub moj khaum, nws yog nws.

Nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab Federation, lub tswvyim ntawm "regional", "lub zos", "tus neeg nyob ze" muaj ib tug me ntsis txawv ntsiab lus tshaj nyob rau hauv teb chaws Europe. Zog ntawm Guj kuj - ib tug loj heev lub teb chaws, thiab lub nyob ze-civil aviation aircraft, raws li zoo raws li medium-ntau cov hlab ntsha muaj ib tug loj txaus fais fab zeem cia, tsis txawm peem rau nrog turboprop thiab turbojet xyaw thiab muaj peev xwm los tsim ib tug heev Cruising ceev. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, peb cov dav hlau yog cov sib txawv yam ntxwv zog thiab muaj peev xwm mus tsaws rau hauv airfields ntawm txawv zoo. Hlab ntsha yuav tsum ya zoo nyob rau hauv cov nyom cov huab cua puag thiab mas cov tej yam kev mob ntawm Siberia thiab Far North cheeb tsam. Tu-414 raws li tag nrho cov tsis.

Nws yog txawm peem rau nrog ob tug turbojet xyaw, uas muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm speeds mus txog 800 km / h, uas yog piv nrog rau cov kev ceev ntawm loj ntev-log neeg nrog caij hlab ntsha. Nws yog tau ya ib tug deb mus txog 8000 km, uas yog heev npaum li cas rau cov nyob ze regional chaw ua dav hlua. Nws yuav tsis tsuas ya, tab sis kuj rau maneuver nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau nyuaj huab cua tej yam kev mob, txawm li cas los, raws li tag nrho cov aircraft Tu. Aircraft yam ntxwv cia mus ua ib tug muaj kev vam meej tsaws rau lub npaj precoat los yog txawm ice airfield yog tias tsim nyog. Cov no yog nyob tsuas yog nyob rau Arctic cheeb tsam, thiab flights yuav coj qhov chaw heev tsis tshua muaj. Txawm li cas los, lub sijhawm dag nyob rau hauv lub aircraft structurally.

Txhua yam nyob rau sab hauv layout

Tu-414 - universal dav hlau. Sab hauv layout yuav raug hloov ntawm koj txiav txim. Nyob rau uas tus naj npawb ntawm cov coob uas xam nrog nws yuav haum nyob rau qhov kev ncua deb ntawm nws lub davhlau tsis muaj refueling. Yog li ntawd, nrog rau tag nrho tso tsheb hlau luam roj thiab 72 coob uas xam nrog thiab neeg coob mej zeej ntawm lub aircraft yuav ya xwb 3500 km, uas yog tseem heev heev rau lub aircraft nyob ze aircraft.

Ntau ntau yam (8000 km) yog yam rau ib tug tshwj xeeb kev hloov kho ntawm lub aircraft uas pauv tau neeg nrog caij nkoj mus rau ib tug private lag luam dav hlau. Rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm pej xeem cov tub ceev xwm muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb kev hloov kho ntawm aircraft - Tu-414 koom haum saib xyuas. Nws rooj hloov los ntawm ib tug ntau npaum li cas xis, thiab lub hlaws loj yog tsis tshua muaj neeg puv thawm. Ib tug me me muaj pes tsawg tus ntawm cov rooj zaum rau lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib, tus tsim ib qho yooj yim, haib turbojet xyaw thiab loj roj muaj peev xwm tso cai rau nws mus ya ntev heev mus. Tib yam siv rau lub tshwj xeeb, daim qauv rau muaj myiaj businessmen.

Laaj thiab rationality

Tswj thiab pab lub aircraft, nyob rau hauv uas ib tug xov tooj ntawm txawv systems thiab Cheebtsam, yog heev kim. Nws yog yooj yim dua thaum ib tug aircraft yog raws li nyob rau hauv lwm nrov qauv. Feem ntau ntawm cov Cheebtsam thiab tshuab yog interchangeable, thiab muaj yog tsis muaj yuav tsum tau los tsim kom tau ntxiv muaj peev xwm. Tu-414 yog lub successor ntawm lub Tu-324. Qhov no zoo heev simplifies siv thiab txij nkawm ntawm aircraft. Muaj ntau qhov chaw tsis tsuas tau tshaj, tab sis kuj kiag analogous. Zoo ib yam li lub dav hlau ntawm lwm yam uas thiab ib tug high degree ntawm commonality nyob rau hauv lub cockpit ua rau nws tau txo lub sij hawm thiab nqi ntawm rov-kev cob qhia ntawm pilots nyob rau hauv no txoj kev. Vim qhov xwm ntawm lub peev xwm ntau creation yog ntau npaum li cas cheaply.

ib zaug xwb puag ncig

Txoj kev loj hlob thiab ntau lawm ntawm tag nrho cov tsev neeg muab kev koom tes Tu Tupolev. Qhov no yog ib tug tshwj xeeb enterprise. Zoo li ntau lub ntiaj teb no cov thawj coj aeronautical engineering, nyob rau hauv peb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm CB ships pib los ntawm kos. Yus thiab nws aircraft ua no lub tuam txhab ib tug ntawm cov me nyuam yaus ntawm Lavxias teb sab sovereignty thiab kev ywj pheej.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm lub enterprise tsis yog ib qho yooj yim thiab nthuav. Qhov no tsis yog ib tug ntawm cov corporations, specializing nyob rau hauv cov pej xeem aircraft. Qhov no yog tej ib tug tub rog enterprise. Keeb kwm ntawm lub tsim Bureau pib nrog snowmobiles mus rau lub Red Army, thiab lub txuas ntxiv zus tau tej cov kev sib ntaus los aircraft. Tus thawj kev vam meej ua qauv rau cov tub rog aircraft tshwm sim nyob rau hauv WWII thiab tau theej los ntawm ib tug American B29. Ntxiv aircraft tuam txhab uas muag txawv domestic tsim tau, xws li civil, nruab nrog turbojet xyaw.

tam sim no qhov tseeb

Tam sim no Tupolev mus los ntawm lub sij hawm nyuaj. Vim tsis nyob rau hauv phau ntawv thiab Tso lub tuam txhab CB nws yog ntau nyob rau tsoom fwv nyiaj pab. Lub tuam txhab txhua xyoo los txog rau lub net poob thiab yog unprofitable. Txawm regional airlines Lavxias teb sab Airlines dav hlau xav txawv teb chaws producers, qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov Russians tsis cia siab rau Lavxias teb sab aircraft lag luam. KB duab undermined, thiab lub hav zoov ntawm ib tug kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb ua lag luam yuav tsum tau ib tug loj ua hauj lwm rau lub tso ntawm lub enterprise, xav tau ib tug niaj hnub ua li phiaj los nqis tes.