Tshwj xeeb (defectological) kev kawm ntawv. Pathologist: nyob qhov twg thiab los ntawm leej twg ua hauj lwm

Nyob rau hauv kev kawm ntawv, cov khoom muaj ib tug ntau ntawm cov kev kawm cob qhia. Ib tug ntawm cov specialties, uas yuav tsum tau pom nyob rau hauv ib co universities, academies thiab institutes, - ib tug "Tshwj xeeb (defectological) kev kawm ntawv." Cov neeg uas kawm nyob rau hauv daim teb no, pom tau hais tias nws thiab nyob rau hauv-kev thov tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv cov niaj hnub ntiaj teb no. Nyob rau hauv ib co universities muaj qhov kev kawm no coj? Ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm kawm tiav uas muaj mastered kev kawm thiab tau txais diplomas?

Defectological kev kawm ntawv: lub essence ntawm cov kev taw qhia

Cov me nyuam thiab cov laus uas muaj kev tsis taus nyob rau hauv kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg txawj kho mob cov tub txawg. Nws muaj kev kawm cov xib fwb, hais lus pathologists. Ib tug profession yog cov neeg tom qab kawm tiav nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv "defectological kev kawm ntawv."

Thaum lub sij hawm nws kev tshawb fawb, txhua tus menyuam kawm ntawv yog kawm ntau disciplines. Cov no muaj xws thiab "Psychology" thiab "Psychology" thiab "Kev kho mob thiab lom bases ntawm Defectology", thiab "Clinic kev txawj ntse teeb", thiab hais txog .. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kev pab cuam ib tug neeg muaj peev xwm koom tau rau hauv tej, kev kawm thiab consultative-diagnostic kev ua si :

• kho kev loj hlob kev ntshawv siab;
• los tsim ib tug neeg kawm ntawv thiab tej kev pab cuam;
• kawm tshwj xeeb xav tau kev pab thiab yuav tsum ntawm cov neeg uas muaj kev tsis taus;
• muab tswv yim pab cov neeg uas muaj kev tsis taus thiab lawv tsev neeg.

Tshwj xeeb profiles (defectological) tsim

Tswv yim nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm "defectological kev kawm ntawv", thov kev pab yuav ua rau ib tug xaiv ntawm cov profiles. Lawv tus xov tooj yog nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv. Cov nram qab no profiles muaj, piv txwv li, los mus rau lub bachelor:

• "Tshwj xeeb Psychology";
• "Hais lus kho";
• "Pedagogical thiab puas siab puas ntsws kev pab txhawb nqa rau cov me nyuam muaj kev tsis taus";
• "Oligophrenopedagogics".

Yog xav paub ntxiv nyob rau hauv-tob paub nyob rau hauv ntau cov tebchaws nyob hauv cov kev coj ntawm "defectological (tshwj xeeb) kev kawm ntawv" tsim tswv. kawm cov kev pab raws li cov nram qab no:

• "Koog Kev Kawm Ntawv";
• "Pedagogical thiab puas siab puas ntsws kev pab txhawb nqa ntawm cov neeg uas xiam hoob khab";
• "Hais lus Therapy (kev kawm ntawv ntawm cov neeg uas tsis hnov lus)";
• "Lub yees nyob rau hauv hais lus pathology kev kawm ntawv."

Cov num ntawm lub tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no niaj hnub

Universities, academies thiab tsev uas muaj kev tshwj xeeb "defectological Kev Kawm Ntawv", caw cov tub kawm ntawv kawm. Cov tswv cuab ntawm cov kev xaiv pawg neeg, cov xib fwb tham txog nws qhov tseeb, vim hais tias thaum lub sij hawm ntawd yog es mob teeb meem ntawm kev kawm ntawv rau cov me nyuam muaj kev tsis taus. Kwv yees li 9-11% ntawm cov neeg los ntawm cov xyuas pej xeem nyob hauv yuav tsum tau kev pab defectologists cov xib fwb. Pab no kuj xav tau ib co neeg laus.

Cov neeg, uas kawm nyob rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm "defectological kev kawm tshwj xeeb", koom nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob, kev kawm ntawv thiab kev kawm ntawm cov me nyuam uas muaj ntau yam kev loj hlob muaj teeb meem hais txog ob lub hlwb kheej, thiab lub cev. Cov cheeb tsam ntawm chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm cov kws txawj tswj cov neeg uas kis tau thiab congenital mob uas tsis pom kev, tsis hnov lus, pathologies ntawm lub suab apparatus, txo nyob rau hauv kev txawj ntse, psychoneurotic tshua.

Muaj tus tsim nyog tus kheej zoo

Kev taw qhia ntawm kev npaj "defectological kev kawm ntawv" interesting, tab sis nws tsis yog rau tag nrho cov neeg. Yog hais tias koj xaiv qhov no tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau xav hais tias lub kws kho mob yuav tsum muaj tej yam tus kheej zoo. Tus neeg no yuav tsum muaj:

• teg num;
• nquag;
• tus phooj ywg;
• ua tib zoo hais;
• cog qoob loo nyob rau hauv lub kev vam meej tshwm sim ntawm cov kev ua ub, cov ntaub ntawv kho qhov kev pab cuam.

Yav tom ntej tus kws yuav tsum tau optimistic. Optimism twb ua hauj lwm cov neeg yog manifested nyob rau hauv cov kev sib raug kev ua si nrog rau ib tug kawm muaj ib tug tsawg muaj peev xwm, rau ib haiv neeg nyob rau hauv uas cov tub ntxhais kawm yuav tsum muaj, rau nws tus kheej.

Kev npaj kev kawm ntawv NPCs

Yuav luag txhua txhua lub zos muaj ib tug university, uas muaj ib lub tsheb "defectological kev kawm ntawv." Nyob rau hauv Moscow muaj ib tug ob peb zog. Ib tug ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv - Lavxias teb sab Tshiab University (NPCs). Nws yog ib qho yooj yim uas tsis yog-profit kev kawm lub koom haum uas tau muaj txij li thaum xyoo 1991 los lawm.

"Defectological Kev Kawm Ntawv" ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv muaj cov kws qhia ntawv ntawm Psychology thiab pedagogy. Thaum koj tau txais txhua tus neeg thov yog muab lub sij hawm los xaiv tus feem ntau yooj yim rau daim ntawv ntawm cov kev kawm. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov-lub sij hawm kawm ntawv yog nyob rau 5 hnub ib lub lim tiam. Khub niam txiv nyob rau hauv high school pib nyob rau hauv 9 teev. Nyob rau absentia nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab tshiab university me nyuam kawm ntawv nws tus kheej tsim ib txoj kev kawm. Cov chav kawm nyob rau ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv no yuav muaj rau 2 lub sij hawm ib xyoos thaum lub sij hawm zaug, lub caij ntawm uas yog hais txog 20 hnub.

Kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv MPSU

Ntawm cov universities uas cob qhia cov xib fwb, hais lus therapists, koj muaj peev xwm tseem muab cov piv txwv ntawm cov Moscow Psychological thiab Social University (MPSU). Qhov no tsev kawm ntawv kuj yog ib qho yooj yim uas tsis yog-profit lub tsev kawm ntawv. Cov kev ua ub lub tsev kawm ntawv hnub rov qab mus rau 1995.

Moscow psycho-social university, yav tas los hu ua lub tsev siv ib tug zoo tus naj npawb ntawm niaj hnub kawm ntawv cov kev pab cuam. Cov lawv muaj "defectological kev kawm ntawv" rau cov bachelor. Nws yog muaj full-lub sij hawm, ib feem-lub sij hawm thiab xov xwm kev kawm. Master kev pab cuam rau cov cheeb tsam no nyob rau hauv high school yog tsis muab.

neej yav tom ntej kawm tiav

Cov neeg wean ntawm "defectological (tshwj xeeb) kev kawm ntawv" nyob rau hauv tebchaws thiab tau txais ib daim ntawv kawm tiav, koj muaj peev xwm ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov koom haum:

• nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv ntawm tag nrho cov hom thiab ntau ntau;
• nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb (daws cov teeb meem) preschool, tsev kawm ntawv thiab tsev kho mob;
• nyob rau hauv cov chaw zov me los muab puas siab puas ntsws, kev kho mob, kev kawm ntawv thiab kev pab;
• kev tiv thaiv tsev;
• charitable thiab lub zej zog cov koom haum ua hauj lwm nrog cov neeg uas muaj kev tsis taus.

Kawm tiav nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej tos zog ua hauj lwm. Lawv ua hauj lwm nrog ib tug neeg yuav xav tau kev pab tsis tau tsuas yog nws tab sis kuj nws tsev neeg. Ntawm no yog ib qho piv txwv. Yog li ntawd, cov xib fwb-kws kho mob ua hauj lwm nrog tus me nyuam nyob rau hauv raws li peb tej kev pab cuam. Nyob rau hauv lub koom saib xyuas xav tau kev pab, nws thiab nws niam nws txiv, txheeb ze, vim hais tias cov tsev neeg ua ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev kho thiab pedagogical cawv. Lub essence ntawm pab cov niam txiv yog los tawm tswv yim rau txoj kev loj hlob, kev kawm, kev sib tham thiab kev koom ua ke ntawm tus me nyuam mus rau hauv cov haiv neeg. Yog li, lub chaw ua hauj lwm yuav tsis yooj yim, tab sis nws yog nthuav, yog li ntawd, tshwj xeeb "defectological (tshwj xeeb) kev kawm ntawv" deserves xim.