Tsar Tswb. Qhov twg yog qhov Tsar Tswb?

Ib tug ntawm cov cim attractions ntawm lub Moscow Kremlin yog ib lub ntiaj teb no-nrov Tsar Tswb. Qhov no sau yog suav tias yog ib hom ntawm Lavxias teb sab kos duab ntawm lub xyoo pua thiab lub siab tshaj plaws kev kawm tau ntawm foundry ua lag ua luam nyob rau hauv Russia. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub Tsar Tswb yog ib tug zoo kawg li keeb kwm monument.

Lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim

Empress Anna Ivanovna nyob rau hauv 1730 kos npe rau ib tsab cai, uas yuam kom muab pov ib lub tswb uas vam phaus. Rau lub hom phiaj no nws yog tsim nyog los noj lub siab tawg tag Piv txwv li, muab cov hlau. Nrog rau kev tso tawm ntawm daim ntawv no thiab pib lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Tsar Tswb.

Leej twg muab pov rau hauv lub npe nrov giant?

Keeb xeeb xav mus nrhiav ib tug neeg txawj tswv nyob rau hauv Paris. Txawm li cas los, cov muaj koob muaj npe engineer Germain, uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv no, tsis kam mus ua hauj lwm. Nws txais lub yuav tsum tau rau ib tug dag.

Ntawv cog lus rau ncuav tswb Grigorieva, uas poob lawm thaum lub sij hawm ib tug tua hluav taws nyob rau hauv 1701, ib tug tswv ntawm nws lub sij hawm, Ivan Fedorovich Motorin. Nws yog launched nyob rau hauv 1730 rau nws kawm tau zoo nyob rau hauv lub Moscow chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm artillery Motorin pab tau cais tswv, kaum menyuam kawm ntawv thiab ob tub ceev xwm.

Cov kev npaj rau theem

blueprints tau kos mus txog ua ntej pib ntawm artillery chaw ua hauj lwm. Ntxiv mus, pre-cam khwb cia Motorin yog ib tug me me qauv ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej loj heev. Nws tiv kev txom nyem kaum ob pounds. Tag nrho cov drawings, kev npaj ntawm kev kwv yees, raws li zoo raws li ob tug qauv tsim hoist xa rau kev pom zoo rau St. Petersburg. Tag nrho cov kev npaj thiab kev pom zoo ntawm peb tes num tau teem nyob rau hauv ob xyoos. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, cov ua hauj lwm rau nws tus kheej rau zus tau tej cov npaj ntaub ntawv ntawm tswb, raws li zoo raws li qhov kev siv ntawm furnaces pib xwb nyob rau hauv Lub ib hlis ntuj 1733

Tsim giant

ob qauv tau ua nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tau tus duab ntawm lub ntiaj teb no tus loj tshaj plaws tswb raws li cov drawings ntawm Lavxias teb sab masters. Ib tug ntawm lawv twb npaj rau hauv cov khoom profile, thiab lub thib ob - rau sab nraum zoov.

Txoj kev ua ib giant tswb twb ua nyob rau hauv Ivanovo cheeb tsam. Rau no kaum-qhov tau khawb. Oak beams, interconnected hlau rims, nws sab yog siv tam. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib qhov lined nrog cib. Yuav kom muab lub sab puag rau tsav mus rau hauv lub hauv qab ntoo qhib pawg nteg hlau tuav. Tsuas ces nws pib tus txheej txheem ntawm zus tau tej cov ingots neeb. Tom qab nws lawm yog mounted ib tug thib ob qauv, uas ntais ntawv cov sab nraud ntaem ntawm lub loj heev. Tomqab kawm tas ntawm tej hauj lwm tau raug tsa hauv daim ntawv ntawm hooks. Rau lub hom phiaj no tshwj xeeb pab kiag li lawm.

Nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no theem ntawm ingot raug thaum kawg trimmed. Rau cov lus neeb steel voj tau txuas mus rau lub tsev ceev nyiaj. Qhov kawg lag luam ntawm tus txheej txheem - qhov chaw kawm nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb qhov nyob rau saum toj ntawm lub casing thiaj li hu ua pob ntseg.

Tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm rau lub creation ntawm lub Tsar Tswb tau ua tiav Kaum ib hlis 25, 1735 Lub daim ntawv pov thawj tau kos mus txog rau qhov kev tshwm sim. Luj ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws tswb nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no li cas ob puas thiab ib tug tuj ntawm cuaj puas nees nkaum plaub kilograms. Nws qhov siab - 6,14 m thiab txoj kab uas hla - 6,60 m Tu siab, kom casting giant Ivan Motorin ua tsis tau tejyam, nws tuag .. txiv ua lag ua luam twb txuas ntxiv los ntawm nws tus tub Michael, uas yav tas los coj ib tug active ib feem nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm.

ntau lawm subtlety

Yuav kom Tsar Tswb muaj ib tug zoo casting Ivanom Motorinym twb npaum li cas tsim tshwj xeeb ntawm lub gating system. Lub daim ntawv, uas tau sau nrog kua hlau, tsis mus toxins thiab lwm yam impurities. Qhov no twb ua tau ua tsaug rau ib tug tshwj xeeb tank uas lossi tau sau mus rau lub brim. Yog li ntawm ib tug dawb huv hlau noj rau hauv lub tais zoo, thiab slag, uas muaj ib tug lub teeb yuag, nws tseem nyob rau hauv qhov chaw.

Thaum casting giant yuav tsum tau cov creation ntawm tej yam tej yam kev mob nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim los mus tiv lub siab daim ntawv kub hlau. Ua li no, lub teb chaws twb tau sau nrog tag nrho cov qhov chaw uas yog lus dag ntawm cov phab ntsa hauv lub casting aub tsiv thiab cover.

breakaway daim

Nws paub lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Tsar Tswb thiab cov unprecedented hluav taws. Tom qab casting ntau tshaj ib xyoo nqa lub inscription rau no amazing ua hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab foundry.

Ua rau nws, thiab hniav ornaments. Cov ua hauj lwm twb los mus rau qhov kawg thaum qhov hluav taws kub tsoo tawm muaj zog nyob rau hauv lub Kremlin. Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Tej zaum 1737 hluav taws cov ntoo qauv thiab ib lub tsev ntaub uas tau raug tsa dua lub casting qhov. Rascal tswb pib hliv dej rau. Los ntawm kub hloov nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm lub giant tej kab nrib pleb uas coj mus rau lub fact tias nws muaj lawm deb ntawm ib tug loj tsawv thooj ntawm tus luj ntawm uas yog kaum ib thiab ib tug ib nrab tons.

Tus sawv ntawm tus casting qhov

Lub Tsar Tswb, nws keeb kwm pib heev heev rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm yuav ncav tsis cuag. Kom txog rau thaum 1836 nws yog nyob rau hauv lub casting qhov, uas tau tshem, twb ncig los ntawm ib tug railing thiab stairs ua. Cov neeg tuaj saib nyob rau hauv nws yuav nqis los thiab tau siab kawg rau cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm cov kos duab.

Lub Xya hli ntuj 23, 1836 nyob rau lub ci ntsa iab sawv tswb. Nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb uas npaj rinks nws tsiv thiab muab tso rau lub pob zeb pedestal muaj ib tug octagonal zoo. Tsis ntev giant plaub nkhaus twb pom los pab txhawb lub pob, nyob rau hauv uas yog muab tso rau ib tug bronze ntoo khaub lig saum toj. Qhov twg yog qhov Tsar Tswb tam sim no? Nyob rau tib lub pedestal nyob rau hauv lub Kremlin.

restoration ua hauj lwm

Tsar Tswb twb npaj ob peb lub sij hawm mus solder. Txawm li cas los, cov ua hauj lwm twb tsis tau nqa tawm. Tiv thaiv tau tus nqi ntawm soldering. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj kev txhawj xeeb hais tias, txawm es ua kom cov tswb, nws yuav tsis yooj yim sua kom ua tau nws ib txwm suab. Uas yog vim li cas, yog tias koj mus xyuas lub Kremlin, Tsar Tswb yuav tau ntsib koj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv uas tau ib zaug muab tshem tawm los ntawm lub casting qhov. Qhov no cim monument yog ntawm kuj zoo kawg historic tseem ceeb. Uas yog vim li cas qhov xyaum ua tej nyob rau hauv lawv tsuas yog tsis tsim nyog. Tsar Tswb rau cov me nyuam thiab rau cov laus tiam - yog lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Fatherland.

Ib txoj kev tshawb ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb monument twb muaj nyob rau hauv 1979. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm uas nws tau tua thiab restoration. Cov hauj lwm nrog cov giant lub cev soj ntsuam thiab kev npaj ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb daim ntawv hais tias luaj li cas yog tsau, txoj hauj lwm thiab tus naj npawb ntawm tsim tej kab nrib pleb.

Thaum lub sij hawm restoration nto tswb tshem los ntawm ntau yam khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm coatings uas tau distorted cov tsos ntawm cov loj heev. Nyob rau hauv parallel, peb muaj ib tug me me kho pedestal. Nyob rau tsa nto hauv av ntshiv ntoo tswb, uas yog kuaj nyob rau hauv ib tug recessed txheej rau plaub caug centimeters.

Tag nrho tej hauj lwm twb nqa tawm los ntawm cov kws txawj thiab kev kawm ntawv los ntawm qhov kev pab Military Academy muaj npe tom qab Fe Dzerzhinsky. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nyob ze kev sib tham nrog lub All-Union Scientific Research lub koom haum ntawm Txum Tim Rov Qab. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia qhov tseeb hais tias lub tsev lag luam ntawm technology thiab hom kev kawm los lub historic monument ntawm no zoo tau nqa tawm rau thawj lub sij hawm.

Ib tug yam ntxwv ntawm cov kos duab foundry

Cov neeg uas niaj hnub no mus xyuas cov Kremlin, Tsar Tswb raws li nyob rau hauv nws thawj daim ntawv. Giant tshiab khiv nrhav nyaj-grey xim nqaij daim tawv, uas muab ib tug greenish patina. Kev shimmer thiab tej yam ntuj tso laus rov qab bronze. Nyob rau hauv tus ntoo khaub lig, uas yog crowned oglave, glitters gilding. Nws twb rebuilt uas siv kub nplooj. Hais meej koj yuav saib tau lub elegant kho kom zoo nkauj thiab artistic duab, yog ib cov nyiaj uas ib lub tswb. Kev zoo nkauj sculpted ornaments catches lub qhov muag. Lub sab sauv thiab sab cev giant dai kom zoo nkauj Frieze qauv uas nruab nrab yog cov xib teg. Tu siab, thaum sau tawm rau hauv daim ntawv nyob rau hauv lub hlau qhov chaw hauv lub tswb coj swabs. Kom meej meej no muaj peev xwm yuav pom nyob rau hauv cov dluab ntawm tej nuj nqis. Dua li no, txhiab tus neeg mus saib lub Kremlin rau ib tug txhua txhua hnub, thiab tam sim no txaus siab rau txoj kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub keeb kwm monument.

Tsar Tswb nyob rau hauv Moscow yog tsim los pab yuav luag ob thiab ib tug ib nrab centuries dhau los. Txawm li cas los, nrog rau tag nrho cov nto moo loj heev yog nce txhua txhua xyoo. Amazing monument ntawm Lavxias teb sab kos duab casting haum zoo mus rau hauv lub architectural muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub Kremlin. Lub Tsar Tswb, raws li zoo raws li lub nyob ze nws lub Tsar Cannon, tsis tau sib cais los ntawm lub tswv yim zoo li ntawm muaj thoob ntiaj teb lub koob meej.

keeb kwm tseeb

Rau casting tswb tswv MOTORIN tau txais me ntsis nyiaj. Nws tsuas yog ib txhiab rubles.

Lub tswb muaj ib tug inscription hais tias nws twb muab pov Ivanom Motorinym thiab nws tus tub Michael. Cov naas ej tswv ntawm foundry ua lag ua luam mus ntes lawv lub npe, yuav tsum yog ib daim ntawv thov mus rau lub Senate. Empress annoy Ioanovnoy, nws tau pom zoo.

Lub tswv yim txog mus nrhiav kom tau ib tug giant tswb tau txais los ntawm lub sculptor Carlo Rastrelli. Txawm li cas los, tus tub ntawm lub ntiaj teb no-nrov kes duab vajtse Francesco Rastrelli hais rau lawv lub chaw ua hauj lwm yog heev them. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, nws pab tsis yeem.

Dluab ntawm lub Tsar Tswb, General Denikin siv rau zus tau tej cov dawb khwb txhiab-txiav. Cov nyiaj ntawm cov neeg no hu ua "neeb".