Teebmeem classics: A. P. Chehov, "Tus tuag ntawm tus official," ib lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub

"Nyem tawm nco los nco qhev" - yog, nyob rau hauv Chekhov tus lub tswv yim, yog lub feem ntau yooj yim thiab feem ntau tsim nyog rau tib neeg ua hauj lwm. Cov neeg yuav tsum tau hauv dawb, unfettered sab ntsuj plig-minded thiab kawm. Ib tug ardent humanist, txawj sau ntawv passionately protested tiv thaiv lub xeev "futlyarnoy" ntshai ntawm lub neej thiab lub peev xwm los yog koj tus kheej. Nws kawg luag thuam cov neeg uas mloog lus bent rov qab thiab lub taub hau ua ntej tus zoo ibyam, cringed ua ntej cov tub ceev xwm nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev uas samounichizhalsya, tsuj ib tug neeg. Ib tug piv txwv piv txwv ntawm no - cov dab neeg uas cov txawj sau ntawv "Kev tuag ntawm ib tug hauj lwm" luam nyob rau hauv lub humorous magazine "motley dab neeg."

Retelling thiab tsom xam

Nyob rau hauv no ua hauj lwm succinctly thiab concisely piav ntau yam - cov neeg uas Chekhov luag ntxub. "Tus tuag ntawm lub official," ib lub ntsiab lus uas peb muaj tam sim no xav tias yuav, nyob rau hauv ib tug nutshell yog qhov no. Nyob rau hauv lub ua yeeb yam thaum lub sij hawm qhov kev kawm cua nab clerk (ib tug ntawm cov qis tshaj qib ntawm ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Russia ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19) ntawd sneezed. Qhov kev tshwm sim yog lub feem ntau zoo tib yam, uas, raws li lawv hais tias, tsis tshwm sim! Raws li ib tug txiv neej coj li, nws apologized rau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tus tswv, uas nws do hau lub taub hau ntawd tsuag. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus tsis meej pem, tab sis ib zaug Huab Tais Ntuj hais ib apology thiab "raug mob" tog txais - tag nrho cov teeb meem ntawd. Tab sis tsis yog rau ib yam dab tsi hu ua ib tug Chekhov zaj dab neeg "tuag tub ceev xwm." Synopsis nws nyob rau hauv no theem tsis xaus muaj. Tom qab tag nrho, "splattered" Brizzhalov - tsis muaj lwm yam tshaj li General! Tu siab heev cab hauv ntshai heev, nws ntshai mus rau lub tsiaj lub xeev. Tsis paub hais tias ntev dhau los zam txim clerk endlessly tho txawv "tus neeg mob." Nws cia terrorized los ntawm General humiliated thov kev zam txim thiab kev txom piav qhia. Thiab yog hais tias nyob rau hauv thaum pib peb, cov txawj nyeem ntawv, nyooj nrog tis, hais rau kuv tus kheej los yog nrov nrov tsis replica ntawm tus hero thiab qhia nws cov quas ntus, tremulous lub suab xav tias tsam lawv, ces nws negates tag nrho cov kev lom zem ntawm ib kab lus Chekhov. "Tus tuag ntawm lub official," ib lub ntsiab lus uas peb xav, yog li xaus: official ousted rau tho txawv ib tug general, los tsev, pw thiab tuag.

Cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv zaj dab neeg

Vim li cas nws ua li cas? Los ntawm uas nws tuag tub ceev xwm? Nyob rau hauv nws thaum ntxov tej hauj lwm, comic txawj sau ntawv feem ntau siv "hais lus" cov npe. Yog li ntawd, rau evoke nyob rau hauv tus nyeem ntawv rau cov koom haum, hu nws hero yog Chervyakov. Czech official tuag (Txoj kev tso cai rau koj mus caum no thought) piav nws sis tsis sib haum, disenfranchised, koj tsis paub pab, tsis muaj cab. Nws yog ib tug me txiv neej, uas tsis muaj ib tug ntawv ceeb toom, uas tsis muaj ib tug ntseeg hais tias leej twg tsis txaus siab. Thiab tus hero tsis cam nrog xws li ib lub xeev ntawm tej xwm txheej, nws txo hwj chim nws tus kheej, tsis yws thiab txawm txiav txim siab nws txoj kev! Qhov ntawd yog qhov vim li cas rau nws infinite ntshai heev! Nws yog ib tus phem cab ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, dared rau txham (lus) nyob rau hauv tus thawj coj! Thaum no tus taw tes, thiab yuav tsum hov lub tsom xam ntawm lub luv luv zaj dab neeg "tuag tub ceev xwm." Czechs skillfully qhia lub ceeb cheb kev huam yuaj executor. Nws yog tu siab heev, tab sis nws ua rau muaj kev ntshai nyob rau hauv peb. Yog nws tau mus rau lub point ntawm ua ib tug qhev rau convention, kev system thiab hierarchy mus thov txim countless sij hawm thiab tuag vim hais tias koj supposedly tsis zam txim rau! Tab sis cua nab yog tuag! Thiab precisely vim hais tias nws yeej tsis ntseeg tias nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej kev zam txim. Kuv yuav tsis tau tiv nrog qhov kev ntshai ntawm lub neej, ua ntej qhov ua txhaum cai ntawm cov kablus. Qhov ntawd yog tiag tiag scary, hais tias A. P. Chehov. "Tus tuag ntawm lub official," nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb - yog zaj dab neeg ntawm txoj kev tuag ntawm ib tug txiv neej nyob rau hauv ib tug txiv neej tag nrho ntawm tus cuj pwm degradation ntawm tus neeg, cov ntawm sab ntsuj plig nws degeneration. Hais txog yuav ua li cas tus qhev psychology tau ua qhev thiab raug tua cov dawb ntsuj plig.

afterword

Zaj dabneeg no tsis nyob rau hauv vain yog ib tug generalized lub npe ntawm "Kev tuag rau cov nom" es tsis "Chervyakova kev tuag." Rau anecdotal cais teeb meem Chekhov pom lub mob lub xeev ntawm tib neeg thiab txo nws hwj nws mob. "Tho txawv koj nyob, gentlemen!" - ib tug kab lus twb nyob rau hauv lwm ua hauj lwm resonates nrog lub fact tias peb cais. Nws suab kab lus nyob rau hauv peb hnub. Yog li ntawd, nws yog lub sij hawm rov qab!