Stances - nws ... ua li cas stanzas nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem? Stanzas ntawm Pushkin, Lermontov, Yesenin thiab lwm yam paj huam

Stances yog ib hom ntawv nyeem ntawm medieval paj huam, uas tseem nrov thiab nyob rau hauv lub paj huam ntawm tom qab eras. Txawv sau ntawv tsim stanzas, feem ntau tig mus rau nqe lus no thiab Lavxias teb sab paj huam.

Yuav ua li cas puas tau stanzas

Ltalis yog suav tias yog lub birthplace ntawm stanzas. Lo lus "zaj paj huam" yog txhais los ntawm Italian li "chav tsev" los yog "nres." Chaw nres tsheb nyob rau hauv lub Italian Renaissance architecture - ib chav nyob rau hauv uas lub kos npe rau cov ntaub ntawv los yog kev tseem ceeb lub rooj sib tham, xws li cov zaj paj huam della Senyatura. Nyob rau hauv cov creation thiab kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov chav muab kev koom tes rau hauv lub npe nrov Rafael Santi.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem stanzas - ib tug zaj paj huam, txhua tus uas muaj nws tus kheej tshwj xeeb lub ntsiab lus, piv txwv li, txhua tshiab nqe yuav tsis mus rau lub yav dhau los, tab sis yog ib tug ua kom tiav tag nrho. Ib zaj paj huam no qhia seb ib tug lub tswv yim, tab sis nyob rau tag nrho paj huam stanzas yog organically muaj feem xyuam rau txhua lwm yam thiab ua ke ua ib tug artistic tag nrho.

Stanzas nyob rau hauv medieval ntaub ntawv

Yog li ntawd, Ltalis yog tus birthplace ntawm stanzas, thiab muaj lawv feem ntau siv los muab yeeb koob rau cov mej zeej ntawm lub nom tswv cajceg. Thawj stanzas sau Andzhelo Politsiano, Italian kws sau paj lug, uas nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 15th, thiab lawv tau rau siab ua Dzhuliano Medichi. Nyob rau hauv Italian ntaub ntawv stanzas - qhov no paj huam, uas muaj yim stanzas nrog zaj lus sib dhos.

stanzas ntawm Byron

Dzhordzh Gordon Byron - ib tug zoo British kws sau paj lug, uas yog ib tug kawm ntawm Pushkin. Byron lub paj huam tau muaj nplooj siab rau qhov kev txaus siab ntawm tus tib neeg ntsuj plig, txoj kev zoo nkauj ntawm kev hlub. Byron coj ib feem nyob rau hauv lub rebellion, thiab cov Carbonari ntawm lub Greeks, thiab sau tau nws "stanzas" nyob rau hauv xyoo 1820.

Muaj stanzas ntawm Byron, nplooj siab mus rau tim Nkij teb chaws thiab qhov zoo nkauj ntawm cov ces kaum ntawm lub Greek xwm. Lub ntsiab ntsiab lus ntawm nws stanzas - ib tug hlub rau cov kev zoo nkauj Greek poj niam, thiab cov Greek tawm tsam rau txoj kev ywj pheej thiab kev ywj pheej. Byron lub paj huam muaj ib tug yawm cawv rau cov chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm Pushkin.

Stanzas nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab paj huam

Stances - ib hom ntawv nyeem uas nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab paj huam pib tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua. Nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, qhov no me ntsis paj huam, uas muaj quatrains, thiab feem ntau ntawm nws loj - nws yog iambic tetrameter. Stanzas nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv mob siab feem ntau lyrical txoj kev hlub rau ib tug hluas nkauj, tab sis tej zaum kuj tau txuam nrog rau socio-cultural breakthroughs nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm lub teb chaws, xws li Pushkin stanzas.

stanzas ntawm Pushkin

Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin sau nws nto moo "stanzas" nyob rau hauv lub Autumn ntawm 1827. Nyob rau hauv no ua hauj lwm, uas tau raug sib tham muaj ntau zaus, muaj ib cov duab ntawm Peter lub Great, tus naas ej Lavxias teb sab huab tais.

Cov tsos ntawm no paj huam yog kev cob cog rua nrog thaum pib ntawm lub reign ntawm Nicholas. Pushkin, "stanzas" uas pib qhuas cov imperial lub hwj chim, hoping tias qhov no huab tais yuav hloov lub neej zoo tib yam tib neeg rau lub zoo dua. Rau nws ib feem, Nicholas kuv twb cia siab tias yuav pab tau nws ntxias kom zoo siab Pushkin hluas sentiment. Nws pom tias Pushkin pab nyob rau hauv kev hloov kev kawm ntawv thiab kev kawm system.

"Stanzas" piv rau ob monarchs: Peter lub Great thiab nws kuj zoo kawg-tub xeeb ntxwv ntawm Nicholas. Zoo tagnrho rau cov Pushkin yog Peter. Qhov no huab tais yog ib tug yeej muaj tseeb tus neeg ua haujlwm, uas yog tsis averse mus rau ib txoj hauj lwm. Nws kuj yog ib tug navigator, thiab kev kawm ntawv, thiab ib tug kws ntoo. Hnub nyob rau hauv uas cov kev cai ntawm Peter lub Great, raws li Pushkin, ua Russia ib tug muaj hwj huam loj. Txawm tias qhov no huab tais thiab overshadowed pib ntawm nws lub neej lub executions objectionable, tab sis tom qab uas muaj kev pab ntawm Russia yuav ua zoo kawg thiab. Peter lossi kawm thiab ua kom paub rau lwm tus neeg, nws ua hauj lwm rau lub yeeb koob ntawm lawv lub teb chaws.

Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin, "stanzas" uas ua nto moo tej hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv hu huab tais Nicholas kuv mus rov hais dua cov feat ntawm Peter thiab coj Russia mus rau ib tug tshiab.

Dhau li ntawm tus "Stans", nyob txog lub tib lub sij hawm, lub kws sau paj lug sau tau ib zaj paj huam "phooj ywg" thiab "Tus Yaj Saub". Nws twb assumed tias tag nrho peb cov kwv huam tsim ib zaug xwb series, thiab yuav tsum luam tawm nyob rau hauv "Moscow Gazette" magazine nyob rau hauv 1828. Tab sis Pushkin vam ho tsis tuaj tiag: huab tais forbade tus ntawv ntawm nws cov kwv huam, raws li Pushkin hais tias Lavxias teb sab Chief ntawm tub ceev xwm Benkendorf.

Lermontov stanzas

Mihail Yurevich Lermontov yog ib qho ntawm feem koj ntxias nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab paj huam. Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug zaj paj huam, Lermontov kawm tom qab nyeem ntawv English paj huam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tej hauj lwm ntawm Byron.

Stances yog cov Lermontov zaj paj huam raws li me me, uas yog tsis tau muab txhais los ib hom ntawv nyeem nta. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 1830-1831 Lermontov sau rau cov kwv huam uas zoo yuav muab txhais li stanzas. Lawv lub ntsiab ntsiab yog romantic hlub, nyob rau hauv cov kwv huam ntawm ib tug tub hluas koj lem mus rau nws tus hlub. Lermontov, stanzas uas muaj arisen nyob rau hauv tus ntawm lub tej hauj lwm Dzhona Bayrona "stanzas rau Augusta" muaj ib feem nyob rau cov zajlus kev lig kev cai ntawm kev sau ntawv xws tej hauj lwm tom qab nws.

Lermontov lub paj huam sau nrog kev tu siab ntawm cov protagonist, uas pom lub saib iav heev thiab nyuaj siab ploj ntawm nws hauv ntiajteb no lub neej, kev npau suav ntawm lwm lub neej. Cov kws sau paj lug sau txog lub neej kho siab khuav nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no piv nws tus kheej rau ib lub pob zeb uas tiv lub onslaught ntawm cua thiab nag, tab sis yuav tsis tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm microscopic rau cov xim ntawm cov pob zeb. Mikhail Lermontov, uas nws stanzas siab qhia lub worldview ntawm lub kws sau paj lug, los ua ib tug qauv rau ntau ntau lwm yam creators ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv.

stanzas Ann

Innokentiy Fedorovich Annensky xam tau tias yog ib tug "os dej dawb Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv." Lawv sab lawv poetic txuj ci ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm 48 xyoo, Innokentiy Annensky los ua ib tug muaj koob txawj creator. Nws zaj paj huam "stanzas ntawm lub hmo ntuj" yog ib tug tseem ceeb tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub kawm ntaub ntawv. Nws cov ntsiab lus - lub expectation ntawm lub rooj sib tham nrog nws tus hlub, uas yuav tsum tau tuaj nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj nti ntawm hmo ntuj. Muaj ntau soj ntsuam ntawm ntseeg hais tias nws cov paj huam muaj nyob rau hauv ntau nrog cov paj huam ntawm lub Impressionists, nyob rau hauv particular, nrog rau cov paintings ntawm Claude Monet.

stanzas Esenina

Sergey Aleksandrovich Esenin los ua tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tus tshiab Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, uas coj lub sab ntawm Soviet lub hwj chim. Nws mas txaus siab rau lub kaum hli ntuj Revolution, thiab tag nrho nws cov hauj lwm yog tswj txhawb lub pop ces tus Soviet system, los pab txhawb cov kev ua ub ntawm lub Communist tog. Tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lawv kuj muaj lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv.

Thaum nyob rau hauv Baku, nyob rau hauv Azerbaijan, lub kws sau paj lug pib sau ntawv "stanzas". Yesenin nws tus kheej hais no nyob rau hauv ib lub paj huam: nws nyiam mus rau tawm Moscow vim hais tias ntawm tsis to taub nrog cov tub ceev xwm. Tab sis, paub nws cov flaws ( "cia nws tshwm sim tej zaum kuv qaug dej qaug cawv"), thiab Yesenin sau hais tias nws lub hom phiaj - los hu nkauj tsis ntxhais, cov hnub qub thiab lub hli, thiab lub npe ntawm Lenin thiab Marx. Nws tsis tus ntawm saum ntuj ceeb tsheej rog nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub neej. Cov neeg lawv tus kheej yuav tsum txhua yam ua nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, hais tias tus kws sau paj lug, thiab rau cov uas koj xav tau kom tag nrho cov muaj lub dag lub zog.

Yesenin tsis ntawd muab nws ua hauj lwm hu ua "stanzas", cov paj huam no kom meej meej echoes Pushkin lub "stanzas." Yesenin yog ib tug admirer ntawm Pushkin, tso paj nyob rau ntawm nws monument. Tab sis Yesenin xav stanzas - yog tsis yog ib tug hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev hlub paj huam, raws li ib txoj kev los qhia lawv pej xeem txoj hauj lwm.

"Stanzas" Esenina tsis tau ntsib nrog rau kev pom zoo ntawm tog cov thawj coj uas xav mus saib nyob rau hauv lub kws sau paj lug Yesenin lig tog, nplooj siab mus rau lub hom phiaj ntawm lub kiv puag ncig. Tab sis qhov no paj huam qhab nia lub kws sau paj lug thib los ntawm "Moscow Taverns" mus rau qhov tshiab Soviet kev muaj tiag. Yog li ntawd hais tias muaj ntau yam critics. No ua hauj lwm enthusiastically reacted magazine neeg ua hauj lwm "Liab nkauj xwb av", uas xav tias Yesenin, thaum kawg, yog hais tiag nws, ib tug Soviet kws sau paj lug. Qhov tseeb kev taw qhia ntawm cov kws sau paj lug suav hais tias yog qhov tsim nyog tau ntawm cov kev pab los ntawm cov kev nyab xeeb Baku, qhov twg nws ces nyob, thiab kev phooj ywg nrog Petrom Ivanovichem Chaginym.

stanzas Brodsky

Iosif Aleksandrovich Brodsky yog ib tug zoo heev Lavxias teb sab kws sau paj lug, uas yog Attendance muaj los ntawm Lavxias teb sab thiab lus Askiv. Nws yeej lub Nobel nqi zog ntawm ib tug tus hluas uas muaj hnub nyoog - 47 xyoo.

Ib tug neeg uas St. Petersburg, nws nyob thawj nyob rau hauv Russia, ces nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws cov kwv huam flashed Petersburg, heev feem ntau lub zos no yog hais nyob rau hauv lub npe nrov ua hauj lwm "stanzas nroog."

Heev heev cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov phau ntawv "Tshiab stanzas rau Augusta" qhia hais tias qhov no ua hauj lwm feem ntau siv lexical units xws li cov npe ntawm Marie thiab Telemachus, thiab lo lus "Madame", "nyob zoo", "cov phooj ywg". Lub ntsiab lo lus uas peb yog cov "Tshiab stanzas rau Augusta" - ib tus lover uas yog tos rau nws tus phooj ywg. Yuav kom nws lub ntsej muag tag nrho cov maj mam hu ntawm lub kws sau paj lug. Raws li Brodsky tus kwv huam yuav raug txiav txim hais tias xws li stanzas nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem. Lub hauv paus ua cim ntawm Brodsky lub lyrical hero yog tseem ceeb heev rau nws cov paj huam ntawm exile motif.

Sau los ntawm "Tshiab stanzas rau Augusta" fij tseg rau Marii Basmanovoy. Nws featured tsis tsuas dluab ntawm lyrical heroes, tab sis kuj kawm. Lawv muaj ib tug leb lub ntsiab lus. Lyrical hero muab nws tus hluas nkauj ib tug nplhaib nrog turquoise. Turquoise - ib lub pob zeb, ua los ntawm cov pob txha ntawm cov txiv neej. Lub hero nug nws tus hlub rau hnav cov pob zeb no nyob rau hauv lub nplhaib ntiv tes.

Nyob rau hauv lub paj huam "Ib tug ib nplais ntawm cov honeymoon," tus sau txog cov maritime cov ntsiab lus. Nws hlub npe yog Marina, li ntawd, nws them tshwj xeeb mloog mus rau cov tubrog nkoj lub ntsiab.

Cov paj huam "Hmo ntuj Davhlau" yog mob siab mus ncig teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub plab ntawm lub dav hlau, thiab cov kws sau paj lug lees hais tias nws yeej ib txwm xav mus rau Central Asia. Taug kev mus ua ib tug dav hlau rau nws muaj ib tug muab ob npaug rau cov ntsiab lus - nws yog ib tug sib ntaus rau lwm lub neej, thiab cov lus rau lub sawv rov qab los. Cov kws sau paj lug aspires mus rau ib tug sib txawv kev muaj tiag, qhov no tsis muaj kev nyuaj siab thiab kev txom nyem.