Sonography. Yuav ua li cas yog nws thiab dab tsi yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev tshawb fawb txoj kev

Thaum ib tug kws kho mob hais txog tus neeg mob mus rau lub ultrasound, ntau cov lus nug tsis feem ntau tshwm sim. Tab sis, yog hais tias lub sij hawm ntawm siv mysterious lo lus "ultrasound", cov lus nug pouring zoo li taum mog. Yog li ntawd, nws yog tsim nyog los nkag siab, sonography - yog dab tsi? Thiab nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, tus neeg mob yog muab ib tug zoo xws li cov hauj lwm.

Association

Tus thawj tus neeg mob koom haum ua teb txuas mus pw tsaug zog, tab sis ultrasound muaj dab tsi ua nrog nws. Ultrasound thiab sonography - cov npe txawv rau tib txoj kev. Rau tib lub kev tshawb fawb yog tej zaum kuj siv lub npe ntawm sonography. Raws li nyob rau hauv no, peb yuav kos ib tug yooj yim xaus: ultrasound, ultrasound, ultrasound - yog dab tsi? Qhov no ultrasound ua kev soj ntsuam ntawm morphological thiab haumxeeb tsis hauv nruab nrog cev thiab tib neeg ntaub so ntswg.

Nyob rau dab tsi yog txoj kev

Ultrasound txoj kev raws li nyob rau hauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ultrasonic tsis los ntawm lub cev tsis tau. Nyob rau hauv txhua nyob ua lub cev muaj xws li ntaub so ntswg ntawm txawv ceev thiab kuj. Nrog rau qhov no ultrasound yog reflected, refracted, tawg khiav ri niab los yog absorbed. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, txais ntaus ntawv duab no tshwm sim. Hais tias yog ua tau ib cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv ultrasound ncha Pib ntsais koj teeb reflected los ntawm cov khoom.

Medical apparatus rau ultrasound (sonography) siv ib zaus ntawm 1.5 mus 29 MHz. Qhov siab tshaj plaws suab uas yuav ntaus nqi los ntawm cov tib neeg pob ntseg, 20 kHz. Cov uas ua cov duab - tsis yog lub contour ntawm lub sab hauv nruab nrog cev los yog pob txha feem raws li x-rays, thiab cov kuas ntawm Internal lug.

Qhia qhov tseemceeb txog ntawm ultrasound tshuab

Yuav kom cov daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas siv kho mob ultrasound tshuab. Sonography - yog dab tsi? Seb tag nrho cov pab kiag li lawm yog tib yam? Yuav ua li cas yog lub ntsiab lawv muaj? Qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntaus ntawv ultrasound apparatus yuav to taub physics. Lawv to taub dab tsi yog qhov piezoelectric nyhuv, versed nyob rau hauv lengths, deeg thiab frequencies. Ordinary neeg mob txaus kom paub tias tus ntaus ntawv muaj cov nram qab no hais:

• ib tug generator ntawm ultrasonic tsis, i.e. mem tes generator emitting thiab ib txhij tau txais lub thaws rov los pib ntsais koj teeb;
• ultrasonic sensor-transdyusora, uas tsev ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm pezokristallicheskih transducers nyob rau hauv lub sensor muaj yog ib tug ntawm lens uas tso cai rau koj ua kom pom tseeb rau hauv lub xav tau tob.

Hom transdyusorov (sensor)

Cov thawj zaug division yog ua rau tus neeg kho tshuab thiab hluav taws xob. PP txhua yam sensor yog ua los ntawm lub zog ntawm tus radiant caij (kev sib hloov los yog co ntxias lis). Lub ntsiab drawback - tsis muaj kev daws teeb meem cov duab, kev co thiab nrov ua hauj lwm. Niaj hnub nimno ultrasound sonography tso tseg lub outdated qauv, preferring siv cov hluav taws xob version.

Hauv sensors muaj ntau niaj hnub khoom. Luam theej duab dluab ua los ntawm hluav taws xob txhais tau tias. Cov duab no yog xav paub ntxiv kom meej thiab ua kom tiav. Suab nrov thiab kev co thaum kev khiav hauj lwm cov khoom tsis tuaj kawm ntawv.

Ultrasonic PP yog muab faib mus rau hauv ib tug linear, convex thiab sector hom. Raws li, qhov thov 3 hom sensors:

1. Tawm. Nws yuav siv ib zaus ntawm 5-15 MHz. Outputs cov duab tsam soj ntsuam uas muaj kev daws teeb meem dluab, hloov tus nqi sau raws nkaus Ii mus rau lub dav ntawm lub sensor, tab sis lub qhov tob PP tsis ntau tshaj 11 cm. Nws yog tsis yooj yim los mus muab ib tug dav niaj hnub hu sensor kom tau ib tug siab zoo duab. Siv rau luam theej duab cov thyroid, mis, medium-qhov loj qhov me pob qij txha thiab tej nqaij.
2. Convex. 1,9-7,5 MHz zaus. PP qhov chaw ntawm me me ntev tshaj txoj kab sensor. Saib kuas meej kuas ib tug nruj niaj hnub hu rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Muab ib tug nqaim daim duab, dog dig distorted nyob rau hauv loj, tab sis soj ntsuam tob rau 25 cm. Nws yog siv rau kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub plab kab noj hniav thiab retroperitoneal, urogenital system, loj pob qij txha (hip, piv txwv li).
3. Sector. Nws yuav siv ib zaus ntawm 1.5-5 MHz. Duab loj tiag tiag. Nws muab lub peev xwm los luam theej duab ntawm ib tug tob. Feem ntau cov feem ntau siv rau echocardiography.

Ntau hom kev sensors siv los mus ntsuam xyuas tus mob plab nruab nrog cev, lub plawv, cov thyroid, lub mis, tus txha nqaj thiab pob qij txha. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj microsensors rau endoscopy thiab me koob.

kev soj ntsuam ntawm cev xeeb tub cov poj niam

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv rau ib tug tag nrho cov kev soj ntsuam ntawm cev xeeb tub cov poj niam yog xav tau ib lub computer sonography. Tej khoom tso cai rau lub feem ntau ceev faj saib xyuas mus rau lub xeev lub nruab nrog fetus, txij li thaum chetyrehsantimetrovogo loj. Lub daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas yog kev ruaj ntseg kiag. Nws yuav pab nrog rau cov plaub lub lim tiam ntawm cev xeeb tub mloog mus rau lub plawv dhia, los paub txog thiab tshem tawm cov kev hem thawj ntawm nchuav menyuam, gestational qhia ntxiv, qhia kev loj hlob qeeb thiab lwm yam hloov.

Patency ntawm txoj hlab qe menyuam

Qhov yuav tsum tau rau kev ntsuam xyuas patency ntawm txoj hlab qe menyuam tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov poj niam, uas tsis tau xeeb tub rau ib lub caij nyoog lub sij hawm. Sonography ntawm txoj hlab qe menyuam - ib txoj kev ntsuam yog vim li cas rau cov uas lub qe yuav tsis tau raws li cov phev.

Ua ntej, tus kws kho mob tshuaj xyuas hauv lub xeev ntawm lub uterine kab noj hniav, kom paub tseeb tias tus poj niam yog tsis xeeb tub thiab tsis muaj adhesions, polyps thiab qhov chaw. Ntxiv mus, lub ncauj tsev menyuam kwj dej yog muab saline thiab soj ntsuam siv sonography hlab qe menyuam. Yog hais tias cov kav dej yog passable, cov kua yog drained los ntawm ob tog ntawm tus kabmob nyob rau hauv lub plab mog. Yog hais tias cov kua tsis yog tawm, thiab nyob ib ya ntawm txoj hlab qe raj thiab lub tsev me nyuam, nws yog lawm yeeb nkab. Ultrasound yuav meej txiav txim qhov chaw ntawm lub block.

Yog hais tias tus neeg mob to taub lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub sij hawm "ultrasound", nws yog dab tsi thiab vim li cas koj tus kws kho mob muaj kws kho kev xeem, nws tsis xav tias ntshai, npaj txhij mus ua kom tiav cov kev tsim nyog uas yuav tsum tau ntawm ib tug kws kho mob thiab kom hais txog ib tug txoj kev. Los ntawm no nws yog nyob ntawm ntau yam. Raws li feem ntau, es tsis txhob ntawm kev soj ntsuam thiab kev kho mob ntawm ntshai cov neeg mob tig mus rau charlatans thiab "kho neeg lub siab", poob precious lub sij hawm.