Sokhondinsky cia: kev nyab xeeb, muaj thiab fauna

Ib tug ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws qhov chaw nyob rau hauv Russia yog Sokhondinsky Reserve, uas yog nyob rau hauv sab qab teb Baikal. Nws yog notable rau ib tug yus cua ntawm cov tsiaj qus xwm ntawm no cheeb tsam. Sokhondinsky cia Trans-Baikal Territory rau lub preservation thiab kawm txog teb hom, raws li zoo raws li rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub chaw uas zoo heev.

Lub hom phiaj thiab kev pab raws qib ntawm lub zeem cia

Lub homphiaj ntawm lub zeem cia yog:

• kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub chaw uas zoo heev uas yuav tsum tau feem ntau khaws cia thiab nce tus naj npawb ntawm tsawg tsiaj;
• txoj kev tshawb no ntawm xwm thiab cov kev tswj ntawm "annals";
• ib puag ncig xyuas ntawm lub cheeb tsam;
• ib puag ncig kev kawm ntawv;
• kev kawm ntawm cov tshiab zaum thiab ua hauj nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm ib puag ncig tiv thaiv.

Vim lub fact tias ib tug loj ib feem ntawm lub chaw uas zoo heev suab hozhena txiv neej, xwm tau muab khaws cia tseg nws cov thawj tsos. Lawv virginity thiab nthuav Sokhondinsky Reserve, muab qhia tawm uas tsis tau hais tias. Ntawm no kuj yog originated ntau dej ntws transbaikalian muaj feem xyuam rau lub basins ntawm lub Pacific thiab Arctic dej hiav txwv.

Ib tug nyuag cov keeb kwm

Nws yog ntseeg hais tias Sokhondinsky Reserve twb nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 1973. Nyob rau hauv 1772, nyob rau hauv dej trout Sokhondo climbed Sokolov. Muaj nws sau ntau yam nroj tsuag thiab tso lawv mus rau Lavxias teb sab science. Qhov no pab qhib ib tug ntau ntawm teb hom cim rau lub cheeb tsam. Tom qab pauv mus rau lub herbarium kev kawm lus Askiv paub txog. Muaj kuj koom Turchaninov, sau nqi collections. Tu siab, sau ntawv rau sab laug ua ke nrog lub ntiaj teb.

Nyob rau hauv 1856, rau txoj kev tshawb no ntawm lub fauna nyob rau char tshuav GI Radde. Nws sau hais tias nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam no muaj yog rau high-altitude aav.

Txoj kev tshawb no ntawm lub Altai-Kyrinskoy phiab thiab Khentey-Chikoyskogo Highlands koom Professor VI Smirnov. Nws sau ib tug loj heev herbarium, uas yog tom qab tshem tawm rau St. Petersburg University thiab yog muaj kom txog thaum peb lub sij hawm.

Nyob rau hauv xyoo 1914 txoj kev tshawb no ntawm muaj koom PN Krylov thiab L.P.Sergievskaya, herbaria tau Iwj Cov Qib ntawm Tomsk University.

UNESCO assigns lub zeem cia raws li txoj cai ntawm "Biosphere cia" nyob rau hauv 1985.

Physiographic nta

Qhov no cia muaj xws li Sokhondinsky, Balbasniyskuyu Sopkoyanskuyu thiab loaches. Lub cheeb tsam yog cov loj loj. Sam Sokhondinsky massif muaj ib tug ntev ntawm yuav luag 20 kilometers, thiab nws cov dav yog 14 kis lus mev. Tag nrho cov cheeb tsam no yog nyob rau hauv lub periphery ntawm lub Highlands Henty-Chikoy. Qhov no char muaj ob tug peaks: qhov siab ntawm lub Great (2500.5 meters) thiab Me (2404 meters). Dhau ntawm lub peaks yog 2000 meters siab. Nyob rau hauv sab qab teb-sab ntawm lub massif yog Tsagan-Ula. Thiab nyob rau hauv sab hnub poob Sokhondinsky cia bordered los ntawm Dzhermaltay-Ingodinsky kev nyuaj siab, uas yog nto moo rau nws ntxhia dej.

kev nyab xeeb

Txoj kev nyab xeeb nyob rau hauv Sokhondinsky Reserve sharply continental. Qhuav lub caij ntuj no nrog me ntsis daus. Sim ib hlis ntuj kub yog hom twg los ntawm 22 ° C rau 28 ° C, nyob ntawm seb qhov chaw siab tshaj. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau vertices lawv tus kheej mus txog rho tawm 50 ° C.

Lub caij ntuj sov yog heev luv luv, thiab txawm ces yuav tau khov nrog hnyav daus. Qhov kub yog khaws cia rau ntxiv rau 14 ° C. Kub lub hli - Lub Xya hli ntuj. Zuag qhia tag nrho nruab nrab kub - txog rho tawm 1,9 ° C. Qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo los nag ntog txog 430 hli.

Climatic tej yam kev mob yog heev loj heev, tab sis muaj ntau yam ntawm tus muaj thiab fauna hnov kiag li ua tau. Sokhondinsky cia nyob rau hauv Russia yog ib tug ntawm cov richest nyob rau hauv ntau yam uas muaj sia nyob.

tsiaj

Uniqueness Sokhondinsky cia lub dav hlau xws loj sib txawv thiab kub, uas paim loj nyiaj ntawm cov muaj thiab fauna. Ntawm no koj yuav nrhiav tau cov hma liab, sable, xim av dais, nas, luav, thiab lwm yam

Ntawm cov feem ntau nthuav cov tsiaj muaj peev xwm tau muab sau tseg Siberian musk mos lwj. Qhov no me me cloven-hoofed tsiaj, nyob rau hauv tsos li ib tug mos lwj. Yam ntxwv nta ntawm no ib tug neeg: ib tug tuab xim av los yog xim av plaub hau, nyias ntse hooves, tsis muaj tshuab raj, hauv caug ntev fangs protruding los ntawm nyob rau hauv lub Upper di ncauj, raws li zoo raws li mob plab qog uas tsim musk. Lub tsev ntawm cov musk mos lwj yog ib tug zoo nkauj Sokhondinsky Reserve.

Qhov twg yog nws? Raws li hais saum toj no, qhov cia yog nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb Baikal. Siberian musk mos lwj nyob hauv ib qhov siab ntawm 600-900 meters. Dhia tsiaj xws heev khiav ceev, thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm ib tug kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub davhlau txoj kev ntawm cov lus tsa suab 90 °. Nws tau pub mov rau rau terrestrial Lichens, ntoo thuv koob Fir thiab cedar, horsetail thiab lwm yam tsob nroj khoom noj.

Nyob rau lub teb chaws muaj peev xwm yuav nrhiav tau ermine - ib tug me me, me me plaub trapping musteline. Lub cev hnyav ntawm tag nrho nws cov hom twg los ntawm 70 mus 260g. Nws muaj ib tug ntev lub caj dab, ib tug voos lub taub hau thiab me me puag ncig pob ntseg. dawb xim nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no. Nws tau pub mov rau rau me me nas, thiab prefers nyob ib leeg. Zajlus tsiaj delimit kua uas yog tso tawm los ntawm lub qog. Ermine nyob feem ntau nyob rau hauv burrows, tab sis nws tsis khawb lawv, preferring mus nyob lub tsev nws tua nas. Predator yog heev siab tawv thiab bloodthirsty. Nyob rau hauv ib qho tseem ceeb lub sijhawm, nws yuav tawm tsam thiab ib tug txiv neej, nyob rau hauv cov kev phem ntawm nws loj.

Cov feem ntau txaus ntshai txhom nyob rau hauv lub zeem cia yog liab hma, uas mus rau lub tsev neeg ntawm canines. Cov tsiaj lub cev nrog ib tug loj ntev 76-110 cm. Nyhav 20 kg. Lawv muaj ib tug luv luv muzzle, high-set ob lub qhov muag thiab ib tug loj tebchaws pob ntseg. Xim liab nrog ib tug dub tus Tsov tus tw. Nyob rau hauv lub pob 5 rau cov neeg. Nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov yog nas thiab me me herbivores. Txawm tias ib tug loj pab yaj yuav mus yos hav zoov thiab loj cov neeg. Txhom tsis txhoj puab heev. Tib neeg zam. Vim qhov muab los ntawm lawv cov suab no hu ua "hu nkauj roob hma."

Cov tshwj xeeb cov tsiaj, hmoov tsis, poob mus rau hauv lub Red Phau Ntawv. Sokhondinsky cia yog ib lub tsev mus rau ntau tshaj 10 hom ntawm cov tsiaj uas yog nyob rau lub verge ntawm extinction. Vim li no, ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub chaw uas zoo heev raug kaw rau tib neeg.

Dhau li ntawm tus saum toj no, peb nco ntsoov kuj Gophers, woodchucks, tias nas thiab nas ceg ntev.

noog

Muaj ntau tshaj li 125 tsev neeg ntawm cov noog. Lub inhabitants ntawm taiga cheeb tsam pib daj thiab kuj qhov ncauj tawm, grey-haired oatmeal, capercaillie, buzzard, plas Scops Plas. Nyob rau hauv lub mountainous ib feem ntawm lub taiga yuav pom ptarmigan, roob Ridge, Accentor, Siberian lus, pika thiab lwm tus neeg. Nyob ze ze ntawm hav zoov lub pas dej yog ib tug loj heev ntau yam ntawm cov noog. Cov lawv crane, dub stork, dub-loon Grebe, pochard, coot li al.

ntses

Trout nyob rau hauv dej thiab pas dej ntws dej txias. Lub hiav txwv tsis tuaj tawm. Vim hais tias ntawm cov loj loj coj mus muag tus nqi seem units ntawm cov neeg, yog li ntawd yog muab teev nyob rau hauv lub Red Phau Ntawv. Hucho - coob hom salmonid tsev neeg. Nws yuav ua tau mus 2 meters thiab luj txog 90 kg. Nws lays txog 20,000 qe ntawm ib lub sij hawm.

Lwm neeg nyob yog heev dua lwm yam dej tsis qab ntsev eel. Lub cev ntev, roundish, laterally compressed ntawm cov npoo. Xim muaj cov xim ntawm cov av thiab cov kev hloov nrog lub hnub nyoog. Nws yuav dhia li cov kub tau tsawg.

Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw muaj nyob Arctic Grayling, los yog rotan golovoshka, Amur pike thiab minaum.

nroj tsuag

Cov muaj yog nplua nuj heev thiab yog sawv cev los ntawm alpine tundra, me me-leaved forests, deciduous thiab roob ntoo thuv. 923 cov neeg sawv cev ntawm ntau dua vascular tau sau npe. Ntau tshaj 71 hom ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab fungi nyob rau hauv lub zeem cia coj nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv. Vim xws nroj tsuag, xws catchment glandular, gentian txias zmeegolovnika grandiflora, Rhodiola pinnatifid thiab chetyrohnadreznogo, dos odnobratstvennogo, rhododendron, toj roob hauv pes yuav hais tiag spectacular.

Gymnosperms sawv cev Siberian ntoo thuv, cedar elfin ntoo, Siberian fir, Juniper lozhnokazatskim thiab Siberian spruce. Lub zeem cia yog nyob ze ntawm lub hav zoov txog ntoo - nws Gmelin larch (Dahurian) thiab Siberian.

Cov tsiaj reptiles thiab dej tsis qab ntsev

Cov pawg ntawm cov tsiaj yog tsis yog li ntawd heev heev. Sokhondinsky Reserve - tsev patterned khiav zoo tib yam copperhead nab, ib tug dog dig nab, cov viper thiab nabqa tsiav. Cov tsiaj reptiles muaj npaum li cas paus nyob rau hauv no cia vim adaptation rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov ib puag ncig.

dej tsis qab ntsev tsiaj cov neeg sawv cev txawm tsawg. Txawm hais tias muaj muaj pas dej thiab ib tug ntau, tab sis cov tsiaj twb tsis muaj ntxim rau cov no hauv chav kawm ntawv ntawm ntau ntau yam. Ntawm no muaj tsuas yog Siberian salamander, Siberian thiab moor qav. Cov peb hom daim ntawv teev yog sab lim.

Yuav ua li cas kom tau mus rau hauv lub zeem cia?

Neeg mus ncig tebchaws, yeej tsis tau mus xyuas Sokhondinsky cia, yuav ua li cas tau muaj, tej zaum tsis paub. No muaj cov tshwj xeeb neeg mus ncig tebchaws tseem khiav. Start yog nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Kyra. Qhov ntev ntawm txoj kev rov nyob rau lub tiaj thiab mus xyuas qhov chaw: ntawm 3 km mus rau 80 km. Great hiking yuav coj ib lub lim tiam.

Lub nto moo tshaj plaws txoj kev no yog hu ua "txoj kev uas Pallás". Nws yog raws nraim tib yam li tus discoverer ntawm qhov lawv Sokolova. Raws li txoj kev koj yuav tau mus ob peb hnub, thiab qhov ntev ntawm nws yog 70 kis lus mev. Nws pib nrog nisin char Sokhondo lub highlands. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no, cov neeg mus yuav soj ntsuam tag nrho cov zaus roob latitudes thiab splendor ntawm ntau haiv neeg muaj thiab fauna.

Tourists hlub txoj kev no Sokhondinsky cia Trans-Baikal Territory. Cov duab thiab cov dluab ntawm cov chaw no yog tsuas breathtaking thiab nws cov yeeb yuj ntau haiv neeg. Ke rau cov qhua - qhov no yog tsuas yog ib lub me me ib feem ntawm tag nrho cov chaw uas zoo heev ntawm lub zeem cia. Tseem muaj qhov chaw nyob qhov twg nkag tau yog tsis pom zoo. Qhov no yog tej ib precautionary ntsuas, tsawg cov tsiaj yog ua tsawg thiab tsawg, thiab txuag lawv - lub luag hauj lwm ntawm txhua leej txhua tus.

Yog hais tias koj muaj ib lub siab xav mus xyuas lub picturesque hauv cheeb tsam nrog ib tug ntau ntau yam ntawm cov tsiaj thiab nroj tsuag, lub nce nyob rau hauv Sokhondinsky Reserve - yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Tsis muaj ib tug muaj peev xwm nyob twj ywm tsis muaj ab tsi rau xws li ib tug xwm.