Siv cov kev faib zaub mov. Txoj kev ntawm kev uas tsuas

Organic thiab mineral formations ntawm lub ntiaj teb ua kiav txhab - yog minerals. Nyob rau hauv feem ntau tus neeg mob, cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab lub zog ua rau nws tau siv lawv nyob rau hauv ntau lawm. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias txuam nrog lwm yam minerals tawm yuav muaj ntau yam ntaub ntawv: nyob, runoff, reservoir, etc.

Tseem ceeb concentration ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv ib qhov chaw hu ua lub deposit (pas dej ua ke). Cia wb mus ze zog saib yog dab tsi ua ib tug kev tsim kho minerals raws li lawv cov mined, thiab nyob qhov twg, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, siv.

Txheej txheem cej luam thiab Concepts

Siv cov kev faib zaub mov (los yog tsis-metallic, uas tsis yog-metallic) siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam. Lub interesting tshaj plaws yog hais tias lawv muaj peev xwm yuav siv tau ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv uas ntuj thiab raws li ib tug raw khoom. Nws yog minerals thiab cov pob zeb, raws li peb mam li tham ib tug me ntsis rau yav tom ntej.

Los ntawm daim ntawv teev cov uas tsis yog-metallic minerals yuav tsum cais nqhuab, roj, roj, thee thiab lwm yam combustible cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, xuab zeb, gravel, gravel, etc. Nws yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi rau tus uas tsis yog-nws yog xim hlau. Txheeb cais qhia tau tias tshaj yav dhau los 7-10 xyoo kev pab siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho, overtaken nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm ore tsuas ntaub ntawv.

Tsis-nws yog xim hlau pab pawg neeg txawv los ntawm cov hlau nyob rau hauv uas nyob tus yeees ntawm cov khoom yuav sib txawv heev nyob rau hauv lub deposit thiab lwm yam tsis. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej lawm yeej ib txwm yuav tsum tau kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm lub sij hawm rau daim ntawv thov ntawm ib tug cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv ib tug cheeb tsam.

pob zeb

Cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw ntawm no keeb kwm tej zaum yuav nyob rau hauv cov khoom, cov mos mos los yog xoob mob nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lub pob zeb - nws yog xoob los yog tuab ntaub ntawv, ntawm uas tsim lub ntiaj teb ua kiav txhab. Lawv tej zaum yuav homogeneous los yog ntau hom ntawm cov zaub mov, pob zeb thiab lwm yam khib nyiab thiab lwm yam Muaj pes tsawg leeg pob txha nyob rau hauv lub dab tshwm sim nyob rau lub ntiaj teb ua kiav txhab. Yog hais tias koj yog tus feem ntau cov tawm cov piv txwv ntawm cov pob zeb siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho, qhov no xuab zeb, av nplaum, granite, basalt, ntsev, thee thiab tshaj. Nws yog ib qhov nyuaj hais uas ntawm peb pab pawg ntawm cov pob zeb feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv qhov kev lag luam. Yog hais tias peb xav txog qhov sedimentary pob zeb, nws yog xuab zeb thiab limestone. Metamorphic pob zeb yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv shale thiab av nplaum.

Yog xav paub ntxiv txog lwm yam minerals tawm

Mineral homogeneous cev yog feem ntau cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhov no kev tivthaiv yuav ntshai raws li lub ntsiab tivthaiv ntawm lub pob zeb. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, nws yog tsim nyog los nkag siab hais tias cov zaub mov nyob deb ntawm ib tug lossis loj npaum li cas. Piv txwv li, quartz pab pawg neeg muaj ib tug plurality hais, amethyst, siv lead ua, citrine, etc. Nws yog noteworthy tias cov dej no tsis siv rau cov zaub mov. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias nws yog dej num raws li ib tug kua mineral hu ua dej khov.

Peb txhua tus yeej paub hais tias kev tsim kho minerals yuav tsum ua raws li tej yam uas yuav tsum tau, lub ntsiab sawv daws yuav muaj raws li nram no: hardness, ductility, brittleness, etc. Nyob rau hauv feem ntau lawv muaj kho qhov muag zog. Xws li, piv txwv li, ci ci thiab nqaij daim tawv, tsis saib tsis xyuas, tab sis tsuas yog hais tias lawv tsis muaj ib tug tseem ceeb feem ntawm tus siv lead ua qauv ntawm cov mineral. Thiab tam sim no saib qhov twg lub pob zeb yog feem ntau siv.

daim ntawv thov

Nonmetallic minerals yuav siv tau nyob qhov twg. Yog hais tias peb tham txog kev khwv nyiaj txiag, lawv feem ntau ua si lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub tsev cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws suited granite, marble, limestone. Cov raw cov ntaub ntawv siv rau ntau yam chiv hom phosphorite, apatite thiab poov tshuaj ntsev.

Rau tshuaj lom neeg raug tsis-metallic minerals kuj muaj yam tseem ceeb heev, vim nws siv cov leej faj, apatite, etc. Lug pob zeb thiab hlau yog siv. Raws li fluxes nyiam limestone thiab quartzite, thiab tsim refractory lug tej zaum yuav siv tau, dolomite, magnesite, thiab hluav taws av nplaum. Nws yog noteworthy hais tias ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov khoom tau tso cai rau kev siv ntawm cov tib yam nyob rau hauv ntau yam industries. Piv txwv li, graphite tau pom nws daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv metallurgy, hluav taws xob engineering, nuclear fais fab thiab tshuaj industries.

Txoj kev ntawm kev uas tsuas

Noob neej rau ntau pua xyoo mus txua ntau thiab ntau txoj kev tshiab ntawm kev uas tsuas. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no tsim ib tug xov tooj ntawm txoj kev:

• sab nraum zoov;
• kaw;
• ua ke.

Tab sis nws yog ua tau rau extract xwb khoom minerals. Raws li statistics, hais txog 90% lignite thiab 70% ntawm cov ore yog npaj qhib txoj kev. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, kua thiab gaseous minerals yog mined txawv nkaus txoj kev. Rau no drilled qhov, los ntawm kev uas lub evacuated nkev, roj, thiab lwm tus neeg. Nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb cia.

Txoj kev ntawm extraction ntawm cov zaub mov, siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho, yog tas rau cov hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws yog kiag li mechanized ua hauj lwm, uas yuav siv cov bulldozers thiab lwm yam hnyav khoom. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, ua ntej lub extraction, thawj txiav txim ntawm qhov tob, raws li zoo raws li tej yam kev mob thiab xwb ces txiav txim siab nrog tus qauv. Piv txwv li, yuav pib ntau lawm nyob rau hauv ib co quarries impractical vim hais tias siab dhau heev lawm tsheb thauj mus los tus nqi.

Classification of non-metallic ntaub ntawv

Lub heterogeneity uas tsis yog-metallic mineral kev pab ua mus rau lub fact tias lawv yog heev yooj yim mus cais. Raws li sau tseg saum toj no, ib feem yuav siv tau nyob qhov twg. Cuaj kaum, tus saum toj no-hais cov kev pab raug muab faib ua ob lub ntsiab pawg:

• los ntawm kev siv cov chaw: tsuas, tshuaj raw cov ntaub ntawv, tsuas thiab metallurgical raw cov ntaub ntawv, kev tsim kho cov ntaub ntawv, raws li tau zoo raws li muaju (kev);
• geological keeb kwm: pob zeb (xa mus rau feem nrov hom uas tsis yog-metallic minerals, muaj ib tug kuj yooj yim qauv).

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj cov minerals - ntau tsawg minerals nrog me me tso. Lawv muaj ib tug nqi.

Yuav kom sau tag nrho cov npe ntawm cov zaub mov, peb yuav tsis tau. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias lawv abound. Yog li ntawd, peb tau muab faib cov zaub mov siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho thiab tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub tau thiab keeb kwm.

Ib txhia tseem ceeb cov ntsiab lus

Peb tau saib tag nrho cov tam sim no uas twb muaj lawm cov chav kawm ntawm minerals. Raws li koj tau pom, qhov no yog ib tug sab heev pab pawg neeg. Nws yog ib nqi hmoog rau lub fact tias zoo thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb muaj minerals. Txawv yuav tsuas yuav mus rau lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, qhov tob ntawm tshwm sim, raws li zoo raws li tshuaj zog. txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov mineral kev pab tas li ua nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, qhib tshiab cov hauj lwm, ua qhov dej thiab mines.

xaus

Peb yeej paub txog qhov tseeb hais tias xws li kev tsim kho minerals. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, lawv yuav tsis yog yuav hu ua hais tias txoj kev, vim hais tias lawv nrhiav tau lawv daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv lwm yam industries. Cuaj kaum, nws tsis yog tau los xav txog tej yam ib tug niaj hnub tsev tsis muaj lub ntiaj teb no tus zus tau tej cov tsis-metallic minerals. Tau tsawg kawg yog ib phau ntawv keeb, zoo li xuab zeb. Tsis yog tus twg lub tsev muaj peev xwm ua tsis tau tsis tau nws. Tab sis nws yog tsim nyog los nkag siab hais tias cov zaub mov ntawm lub ntiaj teb yog tsim los rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv siab thiab tsawg kub, siab thiab tsis tshua muaj siab. Rau qhov yooj yim vim li cas, nws yuav ua rau kev txiav txim zoo rau siv natural resources ntau nraaj.

Tam sim no uas koj paub lub npe ntawm lub ntsiab minerals thiab lawv cais.