Rootstock - yog lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo

Rootstock - dab tsi zoo ntawm ib qho kev nthuav lo lus yog lub npe hu, tej zaum, tsuas yog rau cov lovers ntawm teb? Thiab muaj cov neeg uas yog zus nyob rau hauv lawv thaj av apples thiab pears, tej zaum yuav pom zoo nrog lub Lavxias teb sab biologist thiab breeder IV Michurin, hais tias lub Tshuag - yog lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo, uas txiav txim nws varietal yam ntxwv: zoo, loj thiab saj. Wb to taub yuav ua li cas nws puv.

Rootstock rau Kua ntoo: daim card loj hlob qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntau yam

Txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj peev xwm yuav zus los ntawm noob. Tab sis tus tshiab nroj tsuag yuav txawv nyob rau hauv tawm los ua tau zoo, hardiness, fruiting, thiab lwm yam Txawm yog hais tias lawv tau raug zus los ntawm cov noob ntawm ib Kua. Yog li ntawd, nyiam yog muab rau vegetative tu tub tu kiv, piv txwv li, grafting cuttings los yog buds ntawm yam tsob nroj ntau yam nyob rau hauv xaiv seedlings.

Tshuag - qhov no yog precisely lub yub, uas perpetuate cuttings thiab tua (lub scion). Nws nyiaj thiab lub sij lub tag nrho livelihoods ntawm yav tom ntej cov ntoo, nws durability thiab zoo tshaj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Yog li ntawd, tus npaj yuav tsum tau txais rau lub zos climatic tej yam kev mob, ua hauj kab thiab cov kab mob. Tab sis qhov no tseem yuav tau instill zoo rau nws rooted.

Loj hlob seedlings noj 4 xyoo:

• 1 xyoo - zus seedlings ntawm noob;
• 2 xyoo - increments mus rau lawv lub scion;
• 3 xyoo - Xyoo yub loj hlob;
• 4 xyoo - perennial yub transplanted mus rau ib tug tas mus li qhov chaw.

Noob rau seedlings yog ua tib zoo xaiv, thiab nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim hais tias lawv muaj peev xwm yuav cog nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lawv yuav tsum tau yauv stratification. Yuav ua li cas yog nws?

Yuav ua li cas npaj lub noob rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws rootstocks

Rau zog seedlings noob siv yog zoo tsim, muaj zog thiab qhuav lawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Feem ntau xaiv cultivars xws li Grushovka Moscow, Antonivka, Borovinka. Ua ntej lub caij nplooj zeeg sowing, lawv yuav ua tib zoo xaiv, qhuav thiab xwb ces yog cog. Tus thawj tua tshwm tom ntej no caij nplooj ntoos hlav.

Yog hais tias lub noob yuav cog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lawv yuav tsum tau pre-stratification - ripening ntawm ib tug tej yam kub, txwv tsis pub lub seedlings yuav tsis tau.

Rau lub hom phiaj no lawv kis nyob rau hauv ib lub thawv uas muaj peat thiab xuab zeb yog moistened thiab muab tso rau ib tug kub ntawm 5-7 ° C nyob rau hauv ib tug maub qhov chaw. Nyob rau nruab nrab, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua kom lub noob yuav siv sij hawm 80-90 hnub. Nws yog nyob ntawm lawv qib kawm. Tej lub sij hawm, lawv yuav tsum tau watered kom lawv tsis txhob qhuav. Yog hais tias lawv pib sprout prematurely, lub thawv yuav tsum tau tsiv mus rau ib qhov chaw uas nws yuav tsum ruaj khov tuav ntawm xoom kub.

Ntsias rootstock rau kua

Seedlings rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo yog si nyhav, nruab nrab, semi-ntsias. Txhua muaj lawv tus kheej tsim nta thiab cov ntsiab lus uas yuav tsum tau. Tab sis cov poj chaw pib siv ntsias. Yog vim li cas yog hais tias?

Qhov kom zoo dua enjoyed los ntawm ib tug ntsias rootstock rau apples thiab pears, yog lub siab zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo (loj, cua, kaj), lawv pib siav twb nyob rau lub 2 los yog 3 lub xyoo. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws cheeb qhov uas cov kev loj hlob ntawm seedlings ntawm cov ntoo, yog tsuas yog ob tug meters. Yog li ntawd lawv yooj yim dua mus tu thiab lis cov tshuaj tua kab, thiab sau ib tug tsev cheeb tsam no yog tau 3 lub sij hawm ntau tshaj los ntawm cov cheeb tsam ntawm tib yam loj uas si nyhav seedlings tau cog.

Tab sis shortcomings thiab nws muaj ib tug ntsias rootstock. Qhov no ces dag hauv paus system, nws cia kom khov, thiab yuav tsum tau cov installation ntawm kev txhawb pab rau cov yuav txhawb tau tsob ntoo, raws li tau zoo raws li heev watering nyob rau hauv lub kub lub caij.

Ib txhia hom ntsias Kua seedlings rau

Paradizka IX - yog ib tug ntsias rootstock rau Roses thiab Kua daim. Zoo instilled, nws muaj ib tug high economic thiab lom ntsuas. Yub fab loj hlob tuab, xim av xim nrog ib tug daj tinge, them nrog tuab dawb nplooj. Muaj ib tug hav txwv yeem 10 tau ua ntej layering. Vim ntiav paus system thaum muab tso rau hauv lub vaj, nkawd yuav tsum tau tsim txhim khu kev qha kev pab txhawb nqa. Seedlings whimsical rau cov av, nws yog zoo tshaj plaws zus nyob rau hauv palmettnyh thiab Shpalernaya-ntsias orchards.

Lwm nrov ntsias rootstocks rau Kua ntoo - Paradizka krasnolistnyh. Nws muaj ib tug high kuj mus te, li ntawd, yuav tsum zus nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb-sab hnub tuaj cheeb tsam. Stems thiab yoojyim nrog yus liab xim. Cov av rau lawv yuav tsum tau xoob thiab noo noo. Pib mus dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo thaum ntxov, high tawm los. Ib drawback - lub cev tsis kho cov ntoo, vim uas lub kua mus rau hauv av nqes hav.

Yuav ua li cas mus cog rau hauv lub seedlings

Tej yam me me kua rootstock rau fertile thiab muab tso rau hauv as-nplua nuj xoob av. Lub cheeb tsam yuav tsum tau zoo zes thiab kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov cua. Cov cog qhov luaj li cas ntawm 100 los ntawm 70 cm mineral chiv yuav muab ntxiv. Rau lub hom phiaj no, cov nyiaj them yug yog tso nyob rau ntawd, nchuav pov toj humus los yog poov tshuaj tshuaj dawb, rau sab saum toj cover txheej ntawm av tsis muaj mineral additives (5-6 cm).

Rootstocks yog cog li ntawd hais tias nws cov hauv paus hniav tau txais av nrog chiv thiab sab saum toj raug kaw. Yog hais tias cov av nplaum los yog cov dej hauv av nyob ze rau tsaws, ua tej toj mus rau 50 cm. Nws yog tsim nyog kom paub tseeb tias cov grafting txheej txheem tsis tau nyob rau hauv lub hauv av. Scion yuav tsum muaj 5 cm saum toj no hauv pem teb, txwv tsis pub nws mus rau cov hauv paus hniav thiab dwarfism yog poob lawm.

Thiab thaum kawg ...

Rootstock - ib tug yub, uas yog grafted lwm nroj tsuag. Tus tshiab tsob ntoo yuav loj hlob nrog cov yam lom thiab economic yam ntxwv, tab sis tsuas nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim hais tias ib tug noj qab nyob zoo thiab tsim yub zus los ntawm xaiv noob ntawm tag nrho cov-ntev yuav xaiv. Tab sis hais tias yog tsis txaus. Yuav ua kom nws yav tom ntej kua sau, nws yog tsim nyog rau yub ua tib zoo saib xyuas thiab saib xyuas ntawm tag nrho cov theem ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob, txoj kev ua ib tug raws sij hawm thiab kho nws crown, pub chiv thiab tiv thaiv tiv thaiv huab cua thiab kab tsuag.