Robert Rauschenberg: biography, tej hauj lwm, cov duab

Pib nws cov hauj lwm raws li ib tug neeg sawv cev ntawm paub daws teeb expressionism, Rauschenberg tuaj rau nws tej hauj lwm rau pop art thiab conceptualism. Qhov no artist yog ib qhov tseem ceeb cov nuj nqis ntawm American art.

thaum ntxov xyoo

Robert Rauschenberg yug nyob rau hauv chaw nres nkoj Arthur nyob rau hauv 1925. Tab sis nyob rau hauv Suav qhov chaw nres nkoj lub nroog, thiab cov American steppe Texas. Nws txiv yog ib tug German teb chaws thiab ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv zos fais fab nroj tsuag, nws niam - ib tug Indian pawg neeg Cherokee. Tom qab tsev kawm ntawv, lub neej yav tom ntej artist kawm pharmacology nyob rau hauv nws cov haiv neeg Texas, nyob rau hauv Austin. Txawm li cas los, txoj kev tshawb ntsia thawj xyoo, thiab thaum pib ntawm tsov rog tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug pretext rau qhov no. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no nws ua hauj lwm raws li ib yaam nyob rau hauv ib tug puas siab puas ntsws hauv tsev kho mob.

Thaum pib ntawm ib tug muaj tswv yim txoj kev

Nyob rau ntawm 21, Rauschenberg txiav txim siab mus kawm kos duab. Nws xub mus xyuas lub Art lub koom haum nyob rau hauv Kansas City, ces mus rau Paris. Ntawm no nws koom nyob rau hauv lub Fabkis Art Academy Julian, qhov uas nws tau ntsib nws tus yav tom ntej tus poj niam Syuzen Veyll, kuj yog ib tug artist. Chim nyob rau hauv lub Fabkis lub tsev kawm ntawv, nyob rau hauv 1948, cov hluas rov qab mus America nyob rau hauv lub dub Roob College nyob rau hauv South Carolina. Thaum lub sij hawm no muaj twb mus "lub hnub qub" ib feem: lub artist Josef Albers, choreographer Merced Cunningham thiab composer Dzhon Keydzh. Nrog rau tom kawg ob tug, Robert Rauschenberg ua hauj lwm rau ib tug "theatrical ua si №1». Nyob rau hauv nws tau muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv seev cev, suab paj nruag, ua hauj lwm nrog cov nyiaj siv ua haujlwm projector. Statement yog xav tau cov forerunner ntawm "happenings" - choreographed conceptual tej xwm txheej uas tau chaw los ntawm tus kawg ntawm lub thib nees nkaum caug xyoo. Thawj lub xyoo tom qab kawm ntawv qib siab, cov artist koom nyob rau hauv kev tsim showcases nyob rau hauv New York.

monochrome painting

Thaum pib ntawm nws cov hauj lwm, cov artist Robert Rauschenberg tsim ob peb series ntawm monochrome paintings: lub "dawb kos duab", "dub txuj ci" thiab "Liab Painting".

Lub "dawb painting" rau ib tug dawb keeb kwm yav dhau artist portrayed dub ntawv, xov tooj thiab lwm cov cim yog to taub los txhua leej txhua tus. Cov hauj lwm twb tsim ntawm ib lub sij hawm thaum lub hom style nyob rau hauv America yog Abstract Expressionism. Plaug tam sim no feem ntau to taub cim thiab qhov tiag, Rauschenberg yog kev rhuav tseg cov heev abstractness ntawm paub daws teeb kos duab. Nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, cov kev cai lub ntsiab lus teb nws ciali zoo nkauj zoo. Tom qab ntawd, cov artist yuav tsum rau lwm qhov chaw ntawm cov dawb painting. Ib illuminated dawb tom qab nco tus duab ntxoov ntxoo viewers tau tsim lub artwork. Muaj fawm kib loj ntawm lub ntsiab: lub infinite variability ntawm cov kos duab, thiab lub xaav ntawm nws los ntawm lub plaub ntawm ib tug neeg kev, thiab cov kev tsis pom nrias co-creation ntawm cov artist thiab tus tuav.

"Black art" yog ib tug canvas nrog Glued rau nws cov ntaub ntawv coated nrog dub enamel. Rau "liab painting," lub artist siv cov ntawv xov xwm scraps, rau tes, hlua thiab lwm yam khib nyiab.

Nyob rau hauv 1951, Betty Parsons gallery tshaaj tej hauj lwm ntawm cov Robert Rauschenberg. Cov paintings raug booed thuam tam sim ntawd. Nws ciali mus yuav ib tug ua tiav tsis ua hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv 1952 lub artist tshuav nws tus poj niam, tsis tau yuav nws tab bisexual thiab dawb lub cwj pwm. Ib xyoo tom qab, Robert Rauschenberg txuas ntxiv mus ua hauj lwm nrog choreographer Kenningemom. Ntau tshaj kaum xyoo nws tsim rau nws lub tuam txhab teev, costumes, koom nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm scenarios.

Erased De Kooning

Qhov no ua hauj lwm yog ib qhov tseem ceeb tej hauj lwm ntawm Rauschenberg. Nyob rau hauv 1953, cov artist yuav ib tug zoo-paub cov duab ua hauj lwm thaum abstractionist De Kooning. Es dai ib daim duab nyob rau hauv ib tug ncej nyob rau hauv ib lub rooj zaum nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev nyob, Rauschenberg erased nws thiab hu ua "erased de Kooning duab." Yog li, nws ruaj lub authorship thiab tau tsim tsis tsuas ib tug tshiab ua hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab, tab sis kuj yog ib tug tshiab hom artwork. Rauschenberg no anticipates postmodernism nrog nws Quote, co-authorship thiab lub imposition ntawm lub ntsiab. Tom qab no daim duab ntawm ib tug hluas artist pib hais lus.

neej coj painting

Rauschenberg yog nyob rau hauv lub forefront ntawm no phenomenon, raws li cov style ntawm pop art. No, raws li daim duab cov khoom thiab cov ntsiab siv commonplace yam khoom hauv tsev. Nyob rau hauv lub "ua ke paintings," lub artist theem ua ke lub feem ntau mundane yam, tig lawv mus rau hauv tej khoom ntawm cov kos duab. Incidentally, nws tsis yog cia li ib daim duab nyob rau hauv cov nruj kev txiav txim zoo ntawm cov lo lus, tab sis kuj sib, kos duab khoom thiab assemblages. Txawm ntau kom meej meej rau hauv cov style ntawm pop art yog manifested nyob rau hauv lub tom qab tej hauj lwm, Rauschenberg, thaum ib tug artist pib mus koom nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm cov cim ntawm American pop culture thiab lub neej nyob rau hauv lawv cov "decals", Txawm hais tias nws yog no hais tias nws manifested nyob rau hauv nws ironic, tab sis nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, ib tug cwj pwm zoo rau lub ntiaj teb no .

Ib qho ntawm feem nto moo "ua ke paintings" yog hu ua "txaj", nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1956. Cov duab yog ib tug caij nplooj ntoos hlav lub txaj ntawm cov artist, tauj mas thiab meej smeared xim uas yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm paub daws teeb expressionism. Kuv yuav tsum hais tias qhov no style yog thawj lub teb chaws US tshaj lub ntiaj teb no npaum li, yog li ntawd, ib lub zos avant-garde dawb ceev connotation. Ntawm no cov txheej txheem ntawm paub daws teeb expressionism yuav siv tau rau ib tug zoo irony thaum ua ntawv thov tuab khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg cov xim muaj hlau rau ib tug pa txaj, mam li nco dheev muab tau ib tug ua hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab.

thoob ntiaj teb paub

Nyob rau hauv 1958, Leo Castelli Gallery qhib nws lub solo exhibition ntawm Robert Rauschenberg. Nws ua hauj lwm ntawm lub sij hawm no lub tsev hais plaub dab tsi favorably. Peb hais tau tias los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawd pib lub thoob ntiaj teb lub koob meej ntawm cov artist. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 60s nws pib tsim "decals". Lawv yog cov ib daim iav duab collages ntawm ntawv xov xwm thiab duab uas cov artist muab tso rau ib tug dawb keeb kwm yav dhau. Raws li tus sau, muaj yuav tau mus fim cov nrov cim ntawm American kab lis kev cai nrog cov ntsiab ntawm artistic paintings.

Nyob rau hauv 1964, cov artist uas nthuav lub ntsiab nqi zog ntawm lub Venice Biennale. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias cov degradation ntawm lub kab lis kev cai tom qab qhov kev tshwm sim, qhia txawm lub Vatican, cov style ntawm pop art tau tam sim no tau officially lees paub tias. Rauschenberg tau txais koob hmoov tsis tau tsuas yog morally tab sis kuj nyiaj txiag: tus nqi ntawm nws paintings instantly nce ob peb lub sij hawm.

Lub thwmsim nrog rau tus txheej txheem

Nyob rau hauv lub 60s Rauschenberg tsim ib tug sib koom tes dej num nrog engineer Kluwer: Public Association "Thwmsim nyob rau hauv Kos duab thiab Technology". Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv melnitsami- "phom" nrog perspex iav hniav, uas piv qhov wealth ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub niaj hnub ntiaj teb no. Nyob rau hauv 1969 lub artist tau caw ib tug los ntawm lub Center rau qhov chaw tshawb fawb, NASA, thiab ces tsim lithographs "petrified hli" voj voog. Nyob rau hauv 1970, Rauschenberg qhib lub siab hlub rau cov neeg pluag ntxias, thiab ua nws lub tsev-studio nyob ze ntawm lub ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Florida rau Captiva Island. Ntawm no nws tuag nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm xyoo 2008. Nyob rau hauv nws cov nag lub sij hawm ntawm tus tswv tsis tau tsim ib yam dab tsi stylistically tshiab, txuas ntxiv mus ua hauj lwm rau collages.

Ua ke nrog Andy Warhol Rauschenberg ntawm cov tsib feem ntau tseem ceeb pop art artist. Nws tsis yog tau los overestimate nws lub hwj rau kawm American art.