Piav cov ntaub ntawv cia system nyob rau hauv lub disk. Ntaub ntawv System Organization

Yog hais tias koj tab tom nrhiav rau cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv "Lub title rau lub disk ntaub ntawv cia system", ces koj yog nyob rau txoj kev ncaj! Tej ntaub ntawv uas yog nyob rau hauv koj lub computer yuav tsum muaj rau yav tom ntej siv. Tab sis yuav ua li cas los mus siv xws li ib tug mechanism? Nyuaj los yog tsis?

Yuav ua li cas yog ib daim ntawv cia system

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv cia system to taub hardware thiab software tshuaj tswj yog los xyuas kom meej muaj kev ruaj ntseg cia ntawm tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv nyob. Lawv muaj peev xwm ua raws li lub ntsiab los yog ntxiv ib feem ntawm lub chaw rau cov ntaub ntawv ua. Qhov ntawd yog yuav ua li cas koj yuav teb tau, yog tias koj teev neeg ua hauj lwm: "Piav qhia txog cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub disk cia system." Sib nrug los ntawm ib tug nyuag sayings, muaj txawm ntau nyuaj lub sij hawm: kev cai, hom, technology.

twg

Nyob rau hauv ib cov ntaub ntawv cia thiab kis tau tus mob raws tu qauv siv ib tug xov tooj ntawm tsim tau. Ib txhia nyob rau hauv txwv ntau, thaum lwm tus neeg yog heev nrov. Thaum lub caij, nquag siv iSCSI, li ntawd, zaj dab neeg txog cov kev cai yuav tsum nqa rau nws tus yam ntxwv. Qhov no technology yog aimed ntawm kev ua hauj lwm los ntawm lub li ib txwm network infrastructure. Nws tso cai rau koj mus txuas rau workstations los yog servers rau cia li rau yav tom ntej siv nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev raws li yog hais tias lawv - lub Cheebtsam ntawm lub computer. Nyob rau cov kev pab cuam ntawm xws li ib tug raws tu qauv yuav tsum hais tias:

1. Nws ua hauj lwm yog pheej yig, yog hais tias tsis dawb (shareware).
2. Lub software module ntawm qhov raws tu qauv yuav ua hauj lwm nrog tag nrho cov nrov operating systems. Nyob rau hauv ib co uas nws yog ntsia los ntawm neej ntawd hais, nyob rau hauv lwm yam - thiab yuav tsum downloaded mus rau koj lub computer mus ntxiv rau daim ntawv teev cov kev cai.
3. Lag luam yog tau tam sim ntawd tom qab kawm tiav ntawm lub mounting txheej txheem.
4. Vim hais tias cov raws tu qauv siv ib tug Internet chaw nyob, nws muaj peev xwm kis cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb uas muaj kev pab them nqi.

Nws muaj nws tsis tsuas yog cov kev pab cuam, tab sis kuj drawbacks. Nyob rau hauv kev, nws tsuas muaj tib drawback: lub losis tswvyim dabtsi rau lub Internet chaw nyob thiab cov impossibility ntawm cov tag nrho lub lag luam tsis tau nws.

hom tshuab

Nyob rau hauv hnub no lub ntiaj teb no, tsis hais txog ntawm cov kev xav tau ntawm siv 4 cov ntaub ntawv cia:

1. Das. Nyob rau hauv nws to taub disks uas ncaj qha kev cob cog rua lub computer system. Tag nrho cov uas yog ncaj qha kev cob cog rua rau koj lub PC, siv no system.
2. NAS. Qhov no system yog paub kiv cua ntawm lub zos tes hauj lwm. Nws muab kev nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsuas yog tus pab kiag li lawm uas tau raug pom tias yog "nws."
3. SAN. Ntawm tus taw tes ntawm view ntawm tus neeg siv yuav piav qhia txog lub cev ua ib lub zos tsav, uas tus kev twb kev txuas yog tsim los ntawm lub network siv lub raws tu qauv rau tej thaj chaw deb rau cov ntaub ntawv.
4. CAS. Qhov no cia architecture nyob rau hauv uas ib tug tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm no yog ua si los ntawm cov duab ntawm lub cia cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yog hashed thiab siv los mus nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv ib tug nqi system, los yog ib tug neeg pab kiag li lawm. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhov no architecture yuav muab piv nrog rau cov tshwj xeeb puag nyob rau hauv uas lub xam hash - ib lub cuab tam rau ceev ceev nrhiav tus txheem. Qhov no system yog yooj yim amenable mus decentralization, uas muaj nuj nqis tsub kom lub durability thiab kev cia siab. Tab sis tsis zoo muaj xws li ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tsis pub loj scale siv nws. Tam sim no qhov no architecture yog siv raws li ib tug repository rau archived cov ntaub ntawv, los yog cov neeg uas yuav tsum tau yuav tsum tau ntev-ntev.

Technology siv los khw ntaub ntawv

Nyob rau hauv lub system, muaj ntau ntau le caag los cov ntaub ntawv cia hais tias optimize disk pab thiab kom raug txim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov xwm txheej ceev:

1. Thaub qab. Nws nruab nrab anticipatory creation ntawm cov ntawv luam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm uas tej zaum yuav tsum tau rov qab los. Ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm no yog ua si los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv loj. Nrog tas nrho cov redundancy muaj feem xyuam rau tag nrho lub cev thiab cov ntaub ntawv. Nrog incremental daim ntawv yog muab khaws cia tseg tsuas yog ib feem ntawm nws. Nrhiav Xaiv yog tsim los ntawm cov neeg uas tau hloov txij li lub tso cai ntawm lub xeem thaub qab. Feem ntau muab cov ntaub ntawv yog tsav C los yog qhia tshwj xeeb uas tsim rau lub hom phiaj no cia.
2. Replication. Nws yog synchronous thiab asynchronous. Los ntawm thawj to taub qhov kev tso kawm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog nyob rau hauv sib txawv cia systems (txawm hais tias nws tej zaum yuav siv ob drives nyob rau hauv tib lub system). Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov ntaub ntawv ntaub ntawv yog nqa tawm ib txhij. Asynchronous replication yog ib cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv uas yog nqa tawm tsis nyob rau hauv ib tug thiab tib lub sij hawm, thiab thaum twg yooj yim. Qhov no mus kom ze tso cai rau peb kom peb kov yeej lub ceev sib txawv, tab sis lub cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsis muaj kiag li tib yam. Txawm tias lawv yuav siv zog ntawm qhov no. Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sim rau muab nws tau tsim semi-synchronous replication technology. Nws essence lies nyob rau hauv lub fact tias cov ntaub ntawv pib yuav tsum tau nqa tawm ib txhij, tab sis siv raws ntawm tag nrho cov muaj peev xwm. Yog hais tias qhov chaw nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem xaus, lwm tus neeg nws tseem kom tiav. Cov ntaub ntawv yog sib cais los ntawm ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus.
3. Deduplication. Ib tug tshwj xeeb txoj kev uas lub compression cov ntaub ntawv array eliminates duplicate cov ntawv luam ntawm tag nrho cov duplicate cov ntaub ntawv. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib qho tseem ceeb txoj kev thaum cov ntaub ntawv daim ntawv qhov loj thiab cov heev. Siv rau optimize qhov kev siv ntawm qhov chaw.

Tab sis nws tsis yog tag nrho cov lus teb rau qhov teeb meem, "thov piav qhia txog cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub disk cia system." Rau ib daim ntawv qhia txog kev mus sib hais yuav tsum xav txog ntau lub cim xeeb.

nyeem nkaus xwb nco

Nws yog to taub raws li cov ntaub ntawv cia, uas yuav tsum tsis txhob nyob ntawm seb lub hwj huam mov system. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog hu ua tsis yog-volatile nco. Nyob rau hauv no sector, faib disk qhov chaw khaws cov ntaub ntawv npe. Nws yog tsim nyog los nrhiav cov uas muab cia rau ntaub ntawv. tag nrho cov "qhov" yog tseem cia ntawm no cov ntaub ntawv uas yog retrieved los ntawm tus neeg siv. Raws li ib qho piv txwv, cov ntaub ntawv ua hauj lwm cov ntaub ntawv, kev ua si, cawm cov ntaub ntawv, folders. Tau txais cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum retrieved txawm tom qab xyoo lawm, txij thaum cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv thiab fais fab tuag. Ib qho piv txwv yog lub C tsav uas tus operating system cov ntaub ntawv. Tom qab tag nrho, raws li nws, yog hais tias lawv tau raug ploj mus? Seb nws twb tau mus pib lub computer? Tsis muaj ntxiv manipulation - tsis muaj!

random nkag nco

Muaj hauj lwm los yog volatile nco. Nws peculiarity yog tias nws yog tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tas mus li hluav taws xob. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws nruab nrab yog qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov computer yuav kam nrog ib tug tej yam muaj pes tsawg tus ntawm cov kev ua, thiab, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws muaj feem xyuam rau lub peev xwm. Nws yog lub luag hauj lwm rau drives, folders, cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj tam sim no kom nquag plias thiab khiav. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov software tsis tau ua lub cim xeeb los txhim kho computer hardware nyob rau hauv feem ntau yog fraught nrog kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tag nrho lub system (tsis yog cia).

cache nco

Tsis tas li ntawd nws hu ua ceev ceev nkag nco. Nws muaj cov ntaub ntawv uas yog feem ntau yuav hu rau. Lub peculiarity yog hais tias lub qhov, thiab cov cache muaj qhov tib cov ntaub ntawv. Tab sis vim lub fact tias ib tug thib ob sai, thaum xub thawj nqa tawm ib tug nrhiav rau nws. Yog hais tias tsis muaj match yog pom, lub computer yuav tsum tau saib mus rau hauv lub ruaj khov nco. Thaum ib tug match yog pom nyob rau hauv lub cache ntawm kev hloov yuav tsum tau ua no ua ntej. Thiab ces, yog tias ua tau, nyob rau hauv uas tsis yog-volatile nco. Ib tug ntau drawback ntawm lub cache yog nws kuj loj me me. Khaws cia cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv computer disks yog tsuas yog siv rau cov kev kho vajtse tivthaiv rau tag nrho cov hom ntawm lub cim xeeb. Yog li ntawd, yog hais tias koj xav hloov qhov luaj li cas yuav tsum tau ntsia ib yam dab tsi zoo dua thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm tshaj lwm lub.

xaus

Raws li koj tau pom, lub system cia - ib tug es txoj mechanism. Nws muaj xws li ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev cai (cov uas tsuas muaj ib tug twb xam tau tias yog nyob rau hauv view ntawm cov loj heev array ntawm cov ntaub ntawv), ntau hom, cov le caag thiab technologies, raws li zoo raws li lub cim xeeb. Tam sim no peb muaj peev xwm hais tias cov lus teb rau qhov kev thov "piav qhia txog cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub disk cia system" yog muab.