Creativity M. Yu. Lermontova - ib tug fertile lub npe rau txoj kev tshawb no. Schoolchildren, feem ntau yog ua tiag tiag txaus siab lub tragic txoj hmoo ntawm cov kws sau paj lug, intriguing ambiguity, paub tsis meej tus neeg yog tiag tiag li paub qhia tej lo paj huam nphav kho siab thiab misunderstood, txawm hlub thiab phooj ywg. Lermontov lub verses ib qho yooj yim thiab kev lom zem rau kawm los ntawm lub plawv. Tej zaum tsuas yog raws li ntse sociophilosophical khoom, xws li Elegy "xav" tej zaum yuav ua rau ib co teeb meem nyob rau hauv tus txhais lus thiab kev nkag siab.
Introduction to
Nws yog xav paub ntau zajlus kom tus kws qhia ntawv los yog tus menyuam kawm ntawv (nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv) yuav ua rau ib tug me me qhib tsab ntawv ceeb toom yuav tsum vov lub socio-keeb kwm qhov teeb meem no nyob rau hauv Russia 30-40th. thiab pre-tsom xam ntawm lub paj huam "Duma". Lermontov - yog nws muaj nqis rau kev nyuaj siab - yog ib tug neeg sawv cev ntawm lub advanced ib feem ntawm cov nom tswv cajceg. Nws xam tau tias yog nws tus kheej thiab nws cov cim ntawm sab ntsuj plig qub txeeg qub teg thiab successors ntawm lub Decembrists. Tsarist tsoom fwv tau ua nws zoo tshaj plaws los lwv lub cim xeeb ntawm cov intelligentsia, cov neeg ntawm cov txheej xwm uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1825. Ib era ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab stagnation, kev ua phem ntawm tej nyob kev xav, ib qho tseem ceeb cov tswv yim, t. E. Txhua yam uas yog nyob rau ntawm lub variance nrog txoj cai ntawm lub autocracy. Thiab tag nrho cov uas tsis pom zoo, obstinate tos rau lub inevitable kev sib pauj xwb, txoj hmoo ntawm Pushkin - ib tug tiag tiag li piv txwv. Thaum no tus taw tes rau tus xib fwb yuav tsum hais txog cov chav kawm ntawv los ntawm lub tsom xam ntawm lub paj huam "Duma". Lermontov thiab nws pab sim tawmtsam txawv teb chaws kev ua qhev nws puab txoj kev ywj pheej, thim mus rau hauv nws tus kheej, mus rau hauv nws puab ntiaj teb no - nws yog ib yam ntawm cov kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv cov tyranny. Txawm li cas los, cov los yog ib tug yuam kev, ib qho illusion. Thiab lub zog ua hauj lwm ntawm kev xav coj mus rau lub teb inaction, inertia. Cov no yog cov mus nkag tau rau kev tsim kom muaj ib tug kws sau paj lug nyob rau hauv 1838, nws npau taws Elegy, cov ntsiab lus ntawm uas - ib tug tseem ceeb soj ntsuam ntawm nws tiam, thiab nws hnyav kab lus.
Reciting thiab txhais
Cov theem tom ntej ntawm zaj lus qhia - kev nyeem ntawv thiab tsom xam ntawm cov kwv huam los ntawm lub plawv "Duma". Lermontov, raws li cov critic V. G. Belinskogo, muaj muaj nyias muaj nyias yog vim li cas thiab gloom, emptiness, tsis muaj txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv lub hom phiaj thiab kev txhawj xeeb ntawm nws lub contemporaries. Nws yog nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam kawm ntawv ua ke nrog cov xib fwb thiab to taub. Schoolchildren raug caw ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov lus nug los mus txiav txim rau lub siab ntsws lub xeev ntawm cov chaw ua hauj lwm; qhia lub ntsiab lexical thiab semantic chaw zov me nyuam nws los ntawm kev siv keywords; qhia kom meej rau artistic chaw ntawm lub poetic cov ntawv nyeem. Tus kws qhia ntawv yuav tsum sim mus cuag lub tswvyim ntawm "thiaj", ua tau ib chav kawm ntawv tsom xam ntawm lub paj huam "Duma". Lermontov, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhia nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug tshiab hero - paab neeg: ntse txiv neej, kuv xav tias, yeej ib txwm thiab nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov doubting. Introspection, tseem ceeb heev xaav ntawm kev muaj tiag thiab ntawm nws tus kheej - ib tug txawv feature ntawm nws thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws ib feem ntawm aristocratic zej zog. Nco ntsoov lub theem ntawm tej lus nyob rau hauv cov paj huam thiab xaus rau kev sib tham thiaj li lub sij hawm thiab hais txog nws tus kheej - uas yog dab tsi lub "Duma". Lermontov (tsom xam tseem) los ntawm koj tus kheej "I" ntawm lub nce mus rau ib tug generalized "peb", siab sib koom lub luag hauj lwm rau idleness, lub meaninglessness ntawm nws lub neej, sab ntsuj plig thiab kev nom kev tswv apathy. Nws qhia lub tag kev cia siab hais tias los ntsib qhov tseeb noble cov tub ntxhais hluas, tsis muaj kev cog qoob loo nyob rau hauv lawv lub zog thiab muaj peev xwm. Qhov kev npaj no txhais lub ntsiab kev xav poetic tej hauj lwm.
cov ntaub ntawv
Koj yuav saib cov kws sau paj lug lub tswv yim kuaj, qhia hais tias yuav ua li cas los tsim kom tau ib tug "Duma". Lermontov paj huam tsim ib tug patterned quatrains. Muaj me nyuam kawm ntawv sau tawm ntawm kab kawg ntawm txhua. Yuav ua li cas xaus los ib tug kws sau paj lug? Yuav ua li cas stylistic thiab artistic hom kev kawm siv? Uas yog tiav ua tsaug rau lawv?
Cov theem kawg thiab cov lus xaus
cov ntsiab ntawm cov zaj lus qhia yuav tsum tau nyob rau ntawm no theem. Tsis sau tus tsim nyog cov lus xaus. Pab cov menyuam kawm ntawv npaj lawv views on qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas. Yuav kom qhia tau tias cov kev sib raug zoo nrog tiam no. Qhia ib qho piv txwv zaj lus qhia lub ntsiab motives lyric Lermontov.