Nikolay Zabolotsky: biography, creativity

Nyiaj hnub nyoog muab lub ntiaj teb no tus zoo galaxy ntawm paj huam. Akhmatova, Mandelstam, Tsvetaeva, Gumilev, BLOK ... Seb muaj yog xws li ib tug txawv txawv lub sij hawm, txawm lub ntug rau ib tug lub sij hawm ntawd laus thiab tu lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov muaj tseeb yog ib qho zoo kawg coincidence. Tab sis rau nkawv noj, thaum pib ntawm lub thib nees nkaum caug xyoo - lub sij hawm ntawm foob pob hluav taws, foob pob hluav taws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm Lavxias teb sab paj huam. Hnub qub flashed thiab mus tawm, tawm hauv cov kwv huam - nto moo thiab tsis yog li ntawd.

Paub unknowns Z

Ib qho ntawm feem underrated sau ntawv ntawm lub sij hawm - lub kws sau paj lug N. Z. Sawv daws yeej paub hais tias Akhmatova - ib tug ntse heev, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus yuav hais ib co lus nws cov kwv huam. Tib yam siv rau blocks los yog Tsvetaeva. Tab sis creativity Zabolockij paub yuav luag txhua yam - tiam sis muaj ntau tsis muaj lub tswv yim hais tias qhov no yog Z. "Zatselovali, bewitched, nrog rau cov cua nyob rau hauv lub teb ...", "soul yuav tsum ua hauj lwm ..." thiab txawm "Kotja, kotenka, Kotok ...". Tag nrho cov no - Zabolotskiy Nikolay Alekseevich. Cov kwv huam yuav mus rau nws cwj mem. Lawv mus rau lub teb chaws, los ua nkauj thiab cov me nyuam lullabies, tus sau lub npe tau los ua ib tug superfluous formality. Nyob rau hauv ib tes - lub feem ntau tiag tiag tshaj tawm ntawm kev hlub los ntawm tag nrho cov tau. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam - ib tug blatant tsis ncaj ncees rau tus sau.

prose kws sau paj lug

Foom phem rau undervaluation cuam tshuam tsis tsuas cov kwv huam ntawm lub kws sau paj lug, tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb nws lub neej. Nws yeej ib txwm tau "tsis ua raws li ce." Kuv tsis tau raws li cov qauv, views thiab dee. Yuav kom ib tug paub txog, nws yog ib yam nkaus thiab ntau npaum li cas ib tug kws sau paj lug, ib tug kws sau paj lug - dhau philistine, mus rau lub sau - ib tug dreamer heev. Nws tus ntsuj plig tsis sib haum mus rau nws lub cev. Pojniam plaub hau daj ntawm medium qhov siab, puag ncig thiab tag nrho-bodied, Z muab lub tswv yim ntawm ib tug meej thiab lub hwj chim. Ib tug txiv neej hluas heev prosaic tsos tsis phim lub tswv yim ntawm qhov tseeb kws sau paj lug - rhiab, lam tau lam ua thiab nyob tsis tswm. Thiab cov neeg uas paub txog Z lub ze, to taub hais tias nyob rau hauv no lwm sham tseem ceeb cov lus dag ib tug kuj ceeb tias rhiab, sincere thiab muaj lus zoo siab tus neeg.

Infinite Z lub contradictions

Txawm cov zajlus vajvoog, uas muab tau Nikolay Alekseevich Zabolotsky, yog "tsis ncaj ncees lawm". Oberiuty - tsis paub txaj muag, risible, paradoxical, nws ciali feem ntau unsuitable lub tuam txhab rau ib tug loj tus txiv neej hluas. Meanwhile, Z yog heev tus phooj ywg thiab harms, thiab Oleynikov, thiab Vvedensky.

Lwm inconsistency paradox - Z lub txawj nyiam. Paub Soviet paj huam tshuav nws tsis muaj ab tsi. Kuv tsis nyiam nws thiab txaus siab rau okololiteraturnoy puag ncig Akhmatova. Tab sis nyob tsis tswm, nyob tsis tswm, ghostly syurrelistichny Khlebnikov ciali Zabolotsky kws sau paj lug zoo kawg thiab no:.

Worldview ntawm tus neeg painfully piv nrog nws tsos, nws txoj kev ntawm lub neej thiab txawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb.

thaum yau

Z yug 24/04/1903 nyob rau hauv lub Kazan xeev, Kizichesky kev sib hais haum. Nws siv nws thaum yau nyob rau hauv liaj teb nyob rau hauv lub zos. Leej Txiv - ib tug agronomist, nws niam - ib tug uas nyob deb nroog tus kws qhia ntawv. Lawv nyob ua ntej nyob rau hauv Kazan xeev, ces tsiv mus rau lub zos Sernur Vyatka xeev. Tam sim no nws yog lub koom pheej ntawm Mari El. Tom qab ntawd, muaj ntau yam sau tseg ib tug yus sab qaum teb luag Iwm haiv neeg, rhuav nyob rau hauv lub hais lus ntawm lub kws sau paj lug - nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb muaj yog ib tug ib txwm Nikolay Zabolotsky. Cov biography ntawm tus neeg no yog zoo intertwined nrog nws ua hauj lwm. Hlub rau lub teb chaws, kev sib hwm rau cov neeg pluag zog, kov hlub rau cov tsiaj, muaj peev xwm to taub lawv - tag nrho cov Z txiav txim tawm ntawm nws lub teb chaws thaum yau.

Z pib sau ntawv paj huam thaum ntxov. Nyob rau hauv lub thib peb qib, nws "luam tawm" handwritten phau ntawv journal, uas luam tawm lawv tus kheej tej hauj lwm. Thiab kuv tabtom ua nws nrog nws cov yam ntxwv kev mob siab thiab kev kho mob.

Thaum muaj hnub nyoog kaum, Z cuv npe kawm nyob rau hauv ib tug tiag tiag lub tsev kawm ntawv Urzhum. Muaj yog ib tug zoo txaus siab tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv, raws li ib tug tej zaum xav tias yuav, tab sis kuj Science News for KIDS, nqus, keeb kwm. Cov haujlwm tom qab txiav txim cov kev xaiv uas ua Nikolay Zabolotsky. Biography ntawm lub kws sau paj lug muab khaws cia tseg ib co kua nplaum uas muaj tswv yim methane nrhiav nws tus kheej. Mus txog nyob rau hauv Moscow, nws mus tam sim ntawd mus rau lub ob lub tsev kawm ntawv faculties ntawm cov tshuaj thiab keeb kwm thiab Philology. Tom qab ntawd, nws tau xaiv cov tshuaj thiab tsis tau txawm kawm muaj rau ib lub semester. Tab sis nyob rau hauv 1920, nyob rau hauv lub capital, cov tub ntxhais kawm tau yooj yim tsis muaj kev pab. Tsis tau mas cov tsis muaj nyiaj, Z rov qab mus rau Urzhum.

Poet thiab kawm

Tom qab ntawd, Z tsis tau kawm tiav, tab sis Petrograd, nyob rau hauv cov hoob kawm "Language thiab Literature". Nws sau paj huam, tab sis nws tej txuj ci tsis yog. Thiab nws hais txog nws tej hauj lwm ntawm cov sij hawm raws li ib tug tsis muaj zog thiab los ntawm imitative. Ambient pom nws ntxiv kawm tshaj ib tug kws sau paj lug. Tseeb, science tau ib cheeb tsam uas muaj ib txwm xav Nikolay Zabolotsky. Biography ntawm lub kws sau paj lug tej zaum yuav tau sib txawv yog hais tias nws tau txiav txim siab tsis mus koom nyob rau hauv versification, thiab kev tshawb fawb, uas yeej ib txwm muaj ib tug nyiam nyiam heev.

Tom qab kev kawm, Z twb nais tau sau tseg rau hauv cov tub rog. Thaum lub sij hawm cov kev pab cuam, nws yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm editorial board regimental phab ntsa xov xwm thiab yog zoo siab heev tom qab hais tias nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub nroog.

Z nyob rau hauv Moscow

Nyob rau hauv 1927, Z tsis tau rov qab mus rau Moscow, uas los ntawm xya lub xyoos dhau los mus rau yawm chim siab. Tab sis tam sim no nws tsis tau ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv, ib tug hluas kws sau paj lug. Z twb plunged rau hauv ib tug seething txawj lub neej ntawm lub capital. Nws tau mus kawm lub sib cav tswv yim thiab paj huam yav tsaus ntuj, muaj noj hmo nyob rau hauv lub npe nrov cafe qhov twg paj huam twb regulars Moscow.

Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no cov zajlus tastes ntawm Z thaum kawg tsim. Nws tuaj mus rau lub xaus hais tias cov paj huam yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav tsuas yog ib tug rog xav txog ntawm tus sau tus cwj pwm txawv. Tsis yog, nyob rau hauv verses yuav tau mus tham txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj cai tej yam! Yuav ua li cas xws views on paj huam ua ke nrog ib tug kev hlub ntawm creativity Khlebnikov - ib tug enigma. Tab sis nws yog nws Zabolotskii ntseeg tsuas kws sau paj lug ntawm lub sij hawm, tsim nyog ntawm lub cim xeeb ntawm xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv.

Z yog ib tug ceeb ua ke ntawm incongruous. Nws yog ib tug paub txog nyob rau hauv ntsuj plig, kev coj thiab pragmatic rau cov hlwb pob txha. Xav nyob rau hauv kev kawm txog zauv, biology, astronomy, nyeem ntawv scientific ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov kev kawm. Lossis loj lub tswv yim rau nws philosophical ua hauj lwm Tsiolkovsky, Z txawm nkag mus rau hauv xov xwm nrog tus neeg sau, sib tham txog lub hom phiaj ntawm cosmogony. Thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws yog ib tug me, lyrical, kev xav kws sau paj lug, sau ntawv paj huam, infinitely deb ntawm kev kawm dryness.

Thawj phau ntawv

Nws yog ces hais tias daim ntawv teev cov neeg Oberiu muaj lwm lub npe - Nikolay Zabolotsky. Biography thiab ua hauj lwm ntawm tus txiv neej no twb zoo kev cob cog rua rau lub voj voog ntawm paj huam thiab innovators. Absurd, grotesque, illogical style ntawm oberiutov nyob rau hauv nrog cov kev kawm xav txog Z thiab nws sib sib zog nqus rhiab heev tso cai rau kom tsim tej hauj lwm ntawm lub complex thiab multifaceted.

Nyob rau hauv 1929 nws luam tawm thawj phau ntawv ntawm Z - "Txhua". Alas, qhov tshwm sim ntawv tsuas ridicule critics thiab dissatisfaction nrog cov nom cov tub ceev xwm. Zoo hmoo rau lub Z lub, tsis muaj teeb meem loj tshwm ntawm no xws li teeb meem nrog rau cov tsoom fwv tsis muaj. Yog li ntawd, tom qab tus "Star" tsab ntawm phau ntawv twb luam tawm nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv journal, thiab txawm npaj ua cov ntaub ntawv rau lub tom ntej no phau ntawv. Tu siab, phau ntawv no ntawm cov kwv huam thiab twb tsis tau kos npe rau hauv print. Ib tug tshiab yoj ntawm kev tsim txom tau yuam cov kws sau paj lug rau tawm hauv tus npau suav ntawm publishing.

Nikolay Alekseevich Zabolotsky pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib hom ntawv nyeem ntawm cov me nyuam cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv phau ntawv, uas nws saib xyuas Marshak - nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv cov zajlus lub ntiaj teb no daim duab ntawm exceptional tseem ceeb.

translation hauj lwm

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, Z pib ua mus. "Lub Knight nyob rau hauv lub Panther tus ntawm daim tawv nqaij" yog tseem paub mus nyeem yog nyob rau hauv cov neeg txhais lus ntawm Z lub. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws txhais thiab transcribed rau cov me nyuam cov phau ntawv "Gargantua thiab Pantagruel", "Txog Eulenspiegel" thiab ib tug "Gulliver lub tsev" section.

Marshak, lub tshuab txhais naj npawb 1 lub teb chaws heev ntawm Z lub chaw ua hauj lwm. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm lub kws sau paj lug pib ua hauj lwm rau tus neeg txhais lus ntawm cov laus Slavonic "Lay." Nws yog ib tug lossis loj ua hauj lwm ua extraordinarily feemxyuam thiab meej.

Txhais Z thiab Alberto Saba, ib tug me ntsis-paub Italian kws sau paj lug nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union.

sib yuav

Nyob rau hauv 1930 nws yuav Catherine Z tus kaus hniav. Oberiuty cov phooj ywg hais txog nws exceptionally sov. Txawm stinging Kharms thiab Oleynikov tau fascinated los ntawm lub cev tsis kho ntsiag to ntxhais.

Z lub neej thiab ua hauj lwm tau zoo kev cob cog nrog no amazing poj niam. Z yeej tsis tau nplua nuj. Ntxiv mus, nws yog cov neeg pluag, tej zaum downright txom nyem. Meager nyiaj khwv tau los nyuam qhuav txhais lus pub lub tsev neeg. Thiab tag nrho cov xyoo Ekaterina Klykova tsis tsuas txaus siab rau cov kws sau paj lug. Nws yog tag nrho cev nws lub reins ntawm tsev neeg tsoom fwv, yeej tsis nyob rau hauv kev sib cav nrog nws thiab tsis saib tsis tau. Txawm cov phooj ywg ntawm tsev neeg twb xav tsis thoob li rau siab rau cov poj niam, sau cia hais tias muaj nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev mob siab yog ib yam dab tsi tsis heev tej yam ntuj tso. Txoj kev hauv tsev, lub slightest economic txiav txim siab - tag nrho cov no txiav txim xwb Z.

ntes

Yog li ntawd thaum nyob rau hauv 1938 lub kws sau paj lug twb puas tau raug ntes, canine lub neej tsaus muag. Tag nrho tsib xyoo ntawm raug kaw ntawm nws tus txiv nws siv nyob rau hauv Urzhum nyob rau hauv neeg txom nyem.

Z twb liam ntawm anti-Soviet kev ua ub no. Dua li ntawm qhov ntev exhausting interrogations thiab tsim txom, nws kos npe rau indictments, tsis paub txog lub hav zoov ntawm cov anti-Soviet lub koom haum thiab tsis hais ib yam ntawm cov xav tias cov tswv cuab. Tej zaum qhov no yog dab tsi cawm nws txoj sia. Zag yog camp neeg raug kaw, thiab Z siv tsib xyoos nyob rau hauv Vostoklage, nyob rau hauv Komsomolsk-on-Amur. Muaj, nyob rau hauv tsis yog neeg tej yam kev mob, Z koom poetic transcription "Lay." Yuav ua li cas ces mus rau piav qhia txog lub kws sau paj lug - kom koj tus kheej raws li ib tug neeg, tsis txhob poob mus rau lub xeev nyob rau hauv uas nws yog twb tsis yooj yim sua los ua.

tsis ntev los no xyoo

Nyob rau hauv 1944, lub sij hawm tau tu ncua, thiab Z tau txais tus txheej xwm ntawm ib tug exile. Xyoo nws nyob nyob rau hauv lub Altai cheeb tsam, qhov chaw uas tau tuaj txog thiab nws tus poj niam thiab cov me nyuam, ces tsiv mus rau Kazakhstan. Cov no yog nyob lub sij hawm nyuaj rau cov tsev neeg. Tsis ua hauj lwm, nyiaj, perpetual insecurity thiab kev ntshai. Lawv ntshai raug puas tau raug ntes dua, ntshai hais tias ncaws tawm ntawm ib ntus vaj tse, ntshai txhua yam.

Nyob rau hauv 1946, Z rov qab los rau Moscow. Nws muaj sia nyob nrog cov phooj ywg, khwv translations, lub neej pib los tsim kom tau maj mam. Thiab ces nws tshwm sim yog lwm qee. Tus poj niam, infinitely loyal devoted tus poj niam ua siab tawv qhawv twb dim tag nrho cov kev nyuaj siab thiab kev tsim txom, mam li nco dheev mus rau lwm tus. Nws betrays ntshai rau lawv lub neej los yog cov neej ntawm cov me nyuam, tsis khiav tawm ntawm kev txom nyem thiab kev nyuaj siab ploj. Cia li no plaub caug-cuaj xyoos poj niam mus rau lwm tus txiv neej. Nws puas Z lub. Siab, zoo siab kws sau paj lug painfully tej lub cev qhuav dej ntawm tsev neeg lub neej. Z lub neej muab lub bank. Nws darted frantically nrhiav tawm, sim los tsim ib tug semblance ntawm ib tug ib txwm hav zoov. Muab koj txhais tes thiab lub plawv ntawm lub txawv txawv, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, ib tug poj niam, thiab, raws li cov recollections ntawm cov phooj ywg, tsis txawm nws tus kheej, thiab nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj. Nrawm nroos txij nkawm, tej lub sij hawm siv nrog ib tug tshiab tus poj niam thiab tshuav nws, tsuas Hmong lub thib ob tus poj niam ntawm nws lub neej. Nws yog nws, thiab tsis tau nws tus poj niam, twb mob siab rau cov paj huam "Precious yog kuv poj niam."

Z mus ua hauj lwm. Nws tau txhais thiab fruitful, nws muaj kev txiav txim, thiab thaum kawg nws pib mus khwv tau tuag theej. Nws muaj peev xwm ciaj sia tus so nrog nws tus poj niam - tab sis nws yuav tsis ciaj sia nws rov qab. Thaum Catherine rov qab mus rau Klykova Zabolockij nws raug kev txom nyem ib lub plawv nres. Kaum yim lub hlis tom qab, nws yog mob, tab sis nyob rau hauv hais tias lub sij hawm muaj kev tswj kom muab tso rau hauv kev txiav txim tag nrho nws tej xwm txheej: txheeb paj huam, sau nws lub siab nyiam. Nws yog ib tug txiv neej ntawm meej nyob rau hauv txoj kev tuag raws li nyob rau hauv lub neej. Los ntawm kawg ntawm lub neej ntawm cov kws sau paj lug ob leeg nyiaj thiab tej chaw, thiab tus nyeem ntawv lub mloog. Tab sis nws yuav tsis hloov dab tsi. Z lub noj qab haus huv twb undermined camps thiab xyoo ntawm kev txom nyem, thiab lub plawv ntawm ib tug txiv neej laus laus yuav tsis sawv qhov kev nyuaj siab tshwm sim los ntawm tus cwj pwm txawv.

Z tuag tshwm sim 14.10.1958 xyoo. Nws tuag rau txoj kev mus rau lub da dej, qhov chaw uas nws twb mus txhuam koj cov hniav. Cov kws kho mob forbade Zabolotsky tau sawv, tab sis nws yog ib txwm huv si tus neeg, thiab txawm ib tug me ntsis ntawm ib tug pedant nyob rau hauv tsev.