Nikolai Garin-Mikhailovsky: creativity thiab biography

Invincible - qhov no yog tej zaum qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov lus txhais ntawm cov ua cim ntawm ib tug engineer thiab ib tug txawj sau ntawv. Garin-Mikhailovsky yeej ib txwm siab nteg, xa mus rau dab tsi nws tau ua.

thaum yau

Nws yug los nyob rau hauv 1852 mus rau hauv ib tug muaj nyiaj aristocratic tsev neeg. Leej Txiv - Georgiy Antonovich Mihaylovsky nyob rau hauv tsov rog thaum lub sij hawm nres tau raug mob thiab muab rau ua siab loj. Thaum nws so haujlwm, nws hais nyob rau hauv Odessa. Nws thawj-yug Nicky godfather yog Nicholas I. Nws niam Glafira Nikolaevna yog ib tug noblewoman ntawm Serbian keeb kwm. Tus tub loj hlob zoo nraug, muaj lus zoo siab, tab sis cus ciav heev thiab nimble nyob rau lub roob nws tus kheej.

Lub sij hawm thiab dua nws tsoo nws txiv cov lus qhia, uas zoo heev hlub, thiab thiaj li rashly txiv coj li lub siv. Lub neej yav tom ntej sau ntawv Garin-Mikhailovsky kawm ntawm Richelieu tsev kawm ntawv. Nws tag nrho cov yuav tom qab yuav piav nyob rau hauv ob qhov chaw hauv lub tetralogy: "ntsiab Childhood" thiab "schoolboys". Nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua txhua ib ntawm cov cim muaj ib tug tiag tiag chiv keeb. Tsuas yog plaub caug xyoo ua kom tiav cov thawj biographical tshiab Garin-Mikhailovsky "ntsiab Childhood." Nws sau tau nws tej hauj lwm nyob rau hauv dhau, nws yuav tsum hais tias, "nyob rau nws lub hauv caug", qhov twg nws yog tsim nyog. Tab sis nyeem ntawv, koj tsis paub tias.

cov tub ntxhais hluas

Tom qab high school Garin-Mikhailovsky tau txiav txim siab los ua ib tug kws lij choj thiab tau mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv. Tab sis ib xyoos tom qab ib tug mob siab ua nws mus rau lub koom haum ntawm Communications. Nws yog ib tug lossis loj kev vam meej rau nws tus kheej thiab rau cov haiv neeg. Tom qab ntawd, Garin-Mikhailovsky yuav ib tug txawj ntse engineer-practitioner. Nyob rau hauv lub meantime, nyob rau hauv Bessarabia-ua hauj lwm trainee fireman. Tab sis thaum nws tiav lawm nws kev tshawb fawb, nws tau txais kev taw qhia rau Bulgaria thiab ces koom nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm Bandar Galician txoj kev. engineer prospector ua hauj lwm yog heev fascinated los ntawm Nicholas G .. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj ib tug dlej nyiaj khwv tau los. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv 1879, nws heev kaj siab lug yuav txiv Nadezhda Valerevna Charykova (lawv muaj kaum ib cov me nyuam thiab peb saws). Cov kab tshoob yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv Odessa, thiab rau yav tsaus ntuj qhia cov hluas ob peb muaj coj mus rau St. Petersburg. Tab sis lub siab thiab nrov tsev neeg Michael ua ntej yuav siv sij hawm teev, thiab cov tub ntxhais yog lig rau lub tsheb ciav hlau thiab tawm nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov. Thiab yuav ua li cas hais txog qhov no yog kev tso dag thiab tis! Nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, daim ntawv ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub hauj lwm qhuab qhia tsis nyiam Mikhailovsky. Yog li ntawd, nws yog kev zoo siab rov qab mus rau kev xyaum. Tsim kom muaj railway seem Batoum-Samtredia. Lub chaw ua hauj lwm yog heev txaus ntshai - nkaum nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov ntawm ib tug neeg loj leeb ntawm tub sab thiab nres cov neeg ua haujlwm. Ces, nws yog kis thiab muab Baku thawj feem Transcaucasian railway. Qhov kawg ntawm 1882, pom kev noj nyiaj txiag, bribes, nws resigns, tab sis yog heev fond ntawm cov kev ua ntawm engineer-prospector.

Gundurovka (1883-1886)

NG Garin-Mikhailovsky yuav khoom nyob rau hauv Samara xeev, qhov twg lub kev khwv nyiaj txiag yog yuav los ua, uas yuav pab tau kom tsa loo, xav kom tshem tawm cov kulaks. populists tswv yim no tau penetrated nws nco qab. Tab sis peb lub sij hawm tuaj nyob ze rau nws qub txeeg qub tes "liab qaib". zeb twb puas lawm, thresher, thiab thaum kawg, tus tag nrho qoob loo. Nws twb yuav luag puas thiab txiav txim siab rov qab mus rau cov kev ua ntawm ib tug engineer. Nyob rau hauv Gundurovke nws siv ib ob thiab ib nrab xyoo.

engineering ua hauj lwm

Nyob rau hauv 1886 nws rov qab mus rau nws tus hlub ua hauj lwm. Nws ua kev tshawb fawb nyob rau cheeb tsam ntawm lub Urals "Ufa-Zlatoust". Cov tsev neeg nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm uas nyob rau hauv Ufa. Nws yog tus pib ntawm lub Trans-Siberian Railway. Nws ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug kws xam nyiaj txiag, thiab qhov tshwm sim yog ib tug lossis loj txuag - 60% ntawm cov nyiaj rau ib mais. Tab sis qhov no yog ib qhov yuav tsum tau ua txhaum los ntawm nrog sib ntaus. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws hais ntxiv hais nws txawj ua hauj lwm, nws tau sau hais txog qhov no keeb kwm sau ntawv "xaiv". Mikhailovsky tswvcuab Stanyukovicha nrog rau cov thawj tshooj ntawm tus tshiab "ntsiab Childhood", uas nyob rau hauv nws cov lus kawg rau daim ntawv twb luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1892. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, feature dab neeg no muaj tau luam tawm txog lub zos, uas tseem muaj kev vam meej. Nyob rau hauv 1893, nws luam tawm tsab ntawv "Lus mus rau lub hli." Tab sis, thaum lub plawv thiab nyob rau hauv kev xyaum nws yog ib tug kev tsheb nqaj hlau choj.

tswv yim ua hauj lwm

Nws cia nws tag nrho cov sij hawm. Tab sis nws yog ib tug ua hauj lwm rau ntawm kev hlub. St. Michael tau mus rau tag nrho cov ntawm Siberia, Samara xeev, mus rau Kauslim thiab Manchuria, mus soj ntsuam tau ntawm lub tsev muaj. Impressions nkag mus hauv lub sau ntawv "Nyob rau hauv Kauslim, Manchuria thiab cov Liaodong ceg av qab teb." Kuv tau mus xyuas Tuam Tshoj, Nyiv, thiab thaum kawg los txog nyob rau hauv Hawaii ntawm San Francisco. Cov kwv tij los ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau nyob txhua lub xeev thiab rov qab mus rau London, nws tsav tsheb rau txoj kev mus rau Paris. Nyob rau hauv 1902 nws luam tawm tsab ntawv "Nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb".

Nto moo neeg

Nws los ua nto moo heev txiv neej nyob rau hauv lub capital, thiab raws li ib tug traveler thiab raws li ib tug txawj sau ntawv. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, nws tau caw mus Nicholas II. Nws taug kev shyly thiab xa rov qab nrog perplexity. Muaj cov lus nug los ntawm cov huab tais, twb yooj yooj yim thiab straightforward, thiab tham txog cov kev txwv xav nug.

txawj lub neej

Nws nquag ua hauj lwm nrog ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov phau ntawv Magazine. Twb luam thiab "Childhood ntsiab" thiab "Schoolboys" thiab "Cov menyuam kawm ntawv". Ua hauj lwm rau "engineering". Thaum yav tsaus ntuj lub rooj sib tham, "cov tub txib ntawm lub neej," nws mam li nco dheev tuag. Xws li ib tug tsim txom uas nws yog, yuav tsis sawv hauv lub plawv. Nws yog 54 xyoo.

Tu siab heev Kaum ib hlis thaum sawv ntxov Petersburg nrog Garin-Mikhailovsky lub xeem lus nyob rau hauv lub Volkov toj ntxas. Nyiaj tsis txaus pam tuag. Kuv yuav tsum tau sau subscription.

phau ntawv ntawm lub neej

Los ntawm "Childhood ntsiab" pib lub biography ntawm tus kws Garin. Qhov no alias nws coj sawv cev ntawm nws tus tub Harry. Tiam sis tag nrho peb siv los hu rau tus neeg sau ntawm Garin-Mikhailovsky. Synopsis - ib tug kaj thiab huv huv caij nplooj ntoos hlav puas thaum yau. Lossis loj loj nyob rau outskirts ntawm ib tug loj yav qab teb lub nroog thiab lub nyob ib sab "ntiav vaj", uas xauj rau cov neeg pluag, nyob qhov twg cov av thiab plua tshauv, nyob rau hauv ntau nrog cov neeg pluag serf cov me nyuam ua si thiab pranks, kis nws thaum yau ntsiab - tsis muaj dab tsi zoo li nws txiv lub tsev qhov twg thaum yau Nikolai Mikhailovich. Childhood ntsiab Kartasheva zoo siab, tab sis yog tsis muaj txhais tau tias cloudless. Leej Txiv nws to taub yuam kev loj heev ua rau lub me tus me nyuam tus plig. Cov me me ntsiab kev txom nyem, kev ntshai ntawm hnyav thiab nruj txiv teb tus nyeem ntawv lub tug ntsuj plig mob. Ib tug rhiab thiab noble ntsuj plig ntsiab niam hlub nws tsis nco qab lam ua thiab impressionable tub thiab raws li nws yuav ua tau, defends nws los ntawm nws txiv tus ua niam ua txiv hom kev kawm - tsis hlub leejtwg li flogging. Tus nyeem ntawv ua pov thawj rau hauv lub ruthless brutal executions thiab xav tias tsam lawv hais tias nyob rau hauv tus plig ntawm leej niam. Tus me nyuam dhau mus ua ib tug pitiful hluas ib. Nws plucked tib neeg meej mom. Ua tau zoo thiab tsis qhia kev kawm txawj thiab yam nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm, lawv qhia tau hais tias Garin-Mikhailovsky ( "ntsiab Childhood"). Executive Summary - qhov no yog tus ntsuj plig ntawm cov tib neeg, kev sib hwm rau tus me nyuam muaj tus cwj pwm - cov qauv rau kev ywj pheej txoj kev kawm ntawv. Txaus ntshai kev tuag ntawm tus txiv ntawm tus me nyuam sau nws thaum yau, thiab mus ib txhis nco txog nws cov lus kawg: "Yog hais tias koj puas tau mus tiv thaiv tus huab tais, kuv tsis foom phem rau koj los ntawm lub qhov ntxa."

Tus neeg sau ntawm lub tetralogy, thiab ntau lwm yam hauj lwm yog tus txiv neej nrog tus tsim kev ywj pheej convictions nyob ib sab mus Marxism. Nws yog lawm ua tus sau nrog ib lub teeb impulse rau cov neeg, kom zoo, kom lub neej.